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Semmelweiss

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The document summarizes data from the 1800s that showed death rates of women giving birth in two hospital wards: Ward A and Ward B. Before 1840, both wards had similar high death rates as doctors and midwives worked in both. After 1840, Ward A had only doctors while Ward B had only midwives, and Ward B saw significantly lower death rates. Dr. Semmelweis later required doctors to wash their hands in chloride of lime solution before deliveries in Ward A, which further reduced Ward A's death rate to match Ward B's lower level.

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Semmelweis! ! ! ! ! ! 1 1 The graph below shows data regarding deaths of women who gave birth in a hospital during the 1800s. An important doctor working in the hospital was Dr Semmelweis. ! Women gave birth in one of two wards, Ward A and Ward B. ! Before 1840 both doctors and midwives worked in both Ward A and Ward B. ! After 1840 only doctors worked in Ward A and only midwives worked in Ward B. ! Doctors often worked in other wards with people who had diseases. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 (a) Look at the data for Ward A and Ward B after 1840. ! Describe the effect on death rate of having only midwives and not doctors working in Ward B. ! Refer to the data in Chart 1 in your answer. [2 marks] ! ! ! ! ! !! 1 (a) (i) Suggest a reason for the the differences you described in question 1 (a). [2 marks] ! ! ! ! my-足GCSEscience.com ESPQ|BLY1|SEMM Do not write outside the box PercentageofDeaths 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year 1834 1836 1844 1846 Ward A Ward B Chart 1
Semmelweis! ! ! ! ! ! 2 1 (b) After 1846, in a controlled experiment, Dr Semmelweis made doctors wash their hands in chloride of lime solution before delivering the babies. The chart shows the death rates in the two wards from 1848. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 (b) (i) What was the impact of making doctors wash their hands in chloride of lime solution? ! Use evidence from Chart 1 and Chart 2 to help you. [3 marks] ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 (b) (ii) Suggest how washing doctors hands in chloride of lime contributed to the impact you described in 1 (b) (i). [1 mark] ! ! ! (Total 8 marks) ! End !!!!Login or subscribe to my-GCSEscience.com to see the answers and commentary. my-足GCSEscience.com ESPQ|BLY1|SEMM Do not write outside the box PercentageofDeaths 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Year 1848 1849 Ward A Ward B Chart 2

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Semmelweiss

  • 1. Semmelweis! ! ! ! ! ! 1 1 The graph below shows data regarding deaths of women who gave birth in a hospital during the 1800s. An important doctor working in the hospital was Dr Semmelweis. ! Women gave birth in one of two wards, Ward A and Ward B. ! Before 1840 both doctors and midwives worked in both Ward A and Ward B. ! After 1840 only doctors worked in Ward A and only midwives worked in Ward B. ! Doctors often worked in other wards with people who had diseases. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 (a) Look at the data for Ward A and Ward B after 1840. ! Describe the effect on death rate of having only midwives and not doctors working in Ward B. ! Refer to the data in Chart 1 in your answer. [2 marks] ! ! ! ! ! !! 1 (a) (i) Suggest a reason for the the differences you described in question 1 (a). [2 marks] ! ! ! ! my-足GCSEscience.com ESPQ|BLY1|SEMM Do not write outside the box PercentageofDeaths 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year 1834 1836 1844 1846 Ward A Ward B Chart 1
  • 2. Semmelweis! ! ! ! ! ! 2 1 (b) After 1846, in a controlled experiment, Dr Semmelweis made doctors wash their hands in chloride of lime solution before delivering the babies. The chart shows the death rates in the two wards from 1848. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 (b) (i) What was the impact of making doctors wash their hands in chloride of lime solution? ! Use evidence from Chart 1 and Chart 2 to help you. [3 marks] ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 (b) (ii) Suggest how washing doctors hands in chloride of lime contributed to the impact you described in 1 (b) (i). [1 mark] ! ! ! (Total 8 marks) ! End !!!!Login or subscribe to my-GCSEscience.com to see the answers and commentary. my-足GCSEscience.com ESPQ|BLY1|SEMM Do not write outside the box PercentageofDeaths 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Year 1848 1849 Ward A Ward B Chart 2