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Sentence Writing TOEFL with test gain best.pdf
- 1. UNIT 2 SENTENCE WRITING: SIMPLE SENTENCES (II) & COMPOUND SENTENCES
- 2. OBJECTIVES: By the end of the unit, you are expected to be able to: - write sentences in Active and Passive Voice forms - write different types of compound sentences
- 3. 1. Active vs. Passive Voice: BE + Past Participle (V3) 1. Mary writes a letter everyday. present 2. Mary is writing a letter right now. Prest cont 3. Mary wrote a letter last week. Simp past 4. Mary was writing a letter. Past cont 5. Mary has written some letters. Prest perfect 6. Mary will write a letter next week. Simp future 7. Mary should write a letter. Modal Aktif Pasive. Harus punya objek
- 4. 1. A letter is written by Mary everyday. 2. A letter is being written by Mary right now. 3. A letter was written by Mary last week. 4. Some letters were being written by Mary. 5. A letter has been written by Mary. 6. A letter will be written by Mary next week. 7. A letter should be written by Mary.
- 5. COMPOUND SENTENCES: Three ways of making compound sentences: 1. With a coordinator; e.g. I enjoy tennis, but I hate golf. (I like 2. With a conjunctive adverb; e.g. I enjoy tennis; however, I hate golf. 3. With a semicolon; e.g. I enjoy tennis; I hate golf.
- 6. A. Compound Sentences with Coordinators: Independent clause, coordinator + independent clause For: Women live longer than men, for they take better care of their health. And: Women follow more healthful diets, and they go to doctors more often. Nor: Women dont smoke as much as men do, nor do they drink as much alcohol. But: Men may exercise harder, but they may not exercise as regularly as women do.
- 7. Or: Both men and women should limit the amount of fat in their diets, or they risk getting heart disease. Yet: Women used to be known as the weaker sex, yet in some ways, they are stronger than men. So: Men are less cautious than women, so more men die in accidents.
- 8. B. Compound Sentences with Conjunctive Adverbs: Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, + independent clause 1. besides, furthermore, moreover, also, in addition ( = and) e.g. Community colleges offer preparation for many occupations; moreover, they prepare students to transfer to a four-year college or university.
- 9. 2. however, nevertheless, in contrast, nonetheless, on the other hand (= but/yet) e.g. Many community colleges do not have dormitories; however, they provide housing referral services. 3. otherwise (= or) e.g. Students must take final exams; otherwise, they will receive a grade of incomplete.
- 10. 4. accordingly, consequently, hence, therefore, as a result, thus (= so) e.g. Native and non-native English speakers have different needs; therefore, most schools provide separate English classes for each group.
- 11. C. Compound Sentences with Semicolons: This kind of compound sentence is possible only when the two independent clauses are closely related in meaning. Independent clause; independent clause 1. My elder brother studies law; my younger brother studies medicine. 2. Poland was the first Eastern European country to turn away from communisms; others soon followed.
- 12. Active vs Passive The clothes were made when I was ten years old. She made the clothes when I was ten years old. The machine was invented in 1850. Someone invented the machine in 1850. John gave me a book for my birthday. I was given a book by John for my birthday. A book was given to me by John for my birthday. The boy made the teacher happy. The teacher was made happy by the boy.