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The Web Developer’s
SEO Cheat Sheet
Important HTML Elements
Title tag
Meta Description Tag
Image
Best Practices
HTTP Status Codes
Canonicalization
200 OK/Success
301 Permanent Redirect
302 Temporary Redirect
404 Not Found
410 Gone (permanently removed)
500 Server Error
503 Unavailable (retry later)
Webmaster Tools
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<head>
<meta name="description"
content="This is an example.">
</head>
No longer than 60-80 characters
Important keywords near the beginning
Each title should be unique
No longer than 155 characters
Each description should be unique
Well written descriptions influence
click-through rate
Hyperlinks
Text Link
SEO Tips for URLs
Common Duplicate Homepage URLs
NoFollowed Link
Image Link
Hyperlinking Best Practices
Google Webmaster Tools
Bing Webmaster Tools
Yandex Webmaster Tools
Canonicalized URL Best Practices
<a href="http://www.example.com/
webpage.html">Keyword in Anchor
Text</a>
<a href="http://www.example.com/webpage.html"><img src=/slideshow/seo-cheat-sheet22013-26164438/26164438/"img/
keyword.jpg" alt="keyword" width="100" height="100"></a>
<a href="http://www.example.com/
webpage.html" rel="nofollow">
Keyword in Anchor Text</a>
Limit links per page to roughly 150
Use "nofollow" for paid links and
untrusted content
For image links, the alt tags serves
as anchor text
http://www.example.com/
rel="canonical"
<link href="http://www.example.com/"
rel="canonical" />
<img src=/slideshow/seo-cheat-sheet22013-26164438/26164438/"img/keyword.jpg" alt="keyword" width="100" height="100">
http://www.example.com
http://example.com
http://www.example.com/index.html
http://example.com/index.html
http://example.com/index.html&sessid=123
1. Protocol
2. Subdomain
3. Root Domain
4. Top-Level Domain
5. Subfolder/Path
6. Page
7. Parameter
8. Named Anchor
• Use descriptive keywords in URLs
• Watch for duplicate content when using multiple parameters
• When possible, place content on the same subdomain to preserve domain authority
Recommended: http://example.com/blog
Less Ideal: http://blog.example.com
https://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/home
http://www.bing.com/toolbox/webmaster/
http://webmaster.yandex.com/
URL Best Practices
Common URL Elements
http://store.example.com/category/keyword?id=123#top
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V2.0 | moz.com | © 2013 SEOmoz
More information at
http://mz.cm/HTTP-codes
More information at http://mz.cm/canonical

V2.0 | moz.com | © 2013 SEOmoz 2The Web Developer’s SEO Cheat Sheet
Important User-agentsRobot Control Syntax
Sitemap Syntax
For robots.txt, robots
meta tags
& X-Robots-Tag
Googlebot (can be
used as default for most
Google crawlers)
Googlebot-News
Googlebot-Image
Mediapartners (Adsense)
Bingbot
Yandexbot
Rogerbot
Baiduspider
FacebookExternalHit
Googlebot-Mobile
(Mobile Smartphones)
Googlebot-Mobile
Mediapartners-Google
(Mobile Adsense) or
Mediapartners
User-agent in HTTP(S) requests
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1;
+http://www.google.com/bot.html)
While robots.txt may restrict
crawling, only Meta Robots and
X-Robots will remove URLs from
search results.
Nofollow (do not follow links)
Noindex (do not index)
Noarchive (do not archive)
NoODP (Do not show Open Directory
Project description)
...Or combined (noindex, nofollow)
If the robots <META> tag is not defined,
the default is "INDEX,FOLLOW"
Googlebot-News
Googlebot-Image/1.0
Mediapartners-Google
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0;
+http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0;
+http://yandex.com/bots)
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; rogerBot/1.0;
UrlCrawler; http://moz.com/help/pro/
rogerbot-crawler)
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduspider/2.0;
+/web/20130307230956/http://www.
/search/spider.html)
facebookexternalhit/1.1 (+http://www.
facebook.com/externalhit_uatext.php)
Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_1
like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/532.9
(KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.5
Mobile/8B117 Safari/6531.22.7 (compatible;
Googlebot-Mobile/2.1; +http://www.google.
com/bot.html)
[various mobile device types] (compatible;
Googlebot-Mobile/2.1; +http://www.
google.com/bot.html)
[various mobile device types] (compatible;
Mediapartners-Google/2.1; +http://www.
google.com/bot.html)
Robots.txt
Robots Best Practices
Arguments can be:X-Robots
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<url>
<loc>http://www.example.com/</loc>
<lastmod>1970-01-01</lastmod>
<changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
<priority>0.8</priority>
</url>
</urlset>
<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<sitemap>
<loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap1.xml.gz</loc>
<lastmod>2004-10-01T18:23:17+00:00</lastmod>
</sitemap>
<sitemap>
<loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap2.xml.gz</loc>
<lastmod>2005-01-01</lastmod>
</sitemap>
</sitemapindex>
XML Sitemaps
Sitemap Index File
Meta Robots
Location: http://example.com/robots.txt
Location: Sent in the HTTP headers
Location: In the html <head>
More information at http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html
More information at http://noarchive.net/xrobots/
More information at http://www.robotstxt.org/meta.html
User-agent: googlebot
Disallow: /no-google.html
Sitemap: http://example.com/sitemap.xml
X-Robots-Tag: noindex
<meta name="ROBOT NAME" content="ARGUMENTS" />
http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml
http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml.gz
http://www.example.com/sitemap.gz
Default Locations
Mobile
News
Image
Video
Other Common Sitemap Types:

Important Metadata
<head>
<meta property="og:title" content="Title Goes Here">
<meta property="og:description" content="description-goes-here">
<meta property="og:type" content="your-content-type-goes-here"> (e.g., "article")
<meta property="og:url" content="http://www.your-site.com/">
<meta property="og:image" content="http://www.your-site.com/image.jpg">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="your-site-name">
<meta property="fb:admins" content="your-Facebook-page-user-ID">
</head>
<a href="[profile_url]?rel=author">Google</a>
<a href="[profile_url]?rel=publisher">Google</a>
<head>
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<meta name="twitter:url" content="http://www.example.com/your-url-goes-here/">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Title Goes Here">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Your description goes here.">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="http://example.com/image.jpg">
</head>
<html itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
<head>
<meta itemprop="name" content="Title Goes Here">
<meta itemprop="description" content="Description Goes Here">
<meta itemprop="image" content="http://example.com/image.jpg">
</head>
Facebook Open Graph
Twitter Cards
Google+
Google+ Authorship
Google+ Publisher
More information at https://dev.twitter.com/docs/cards
More information at https://developers.google.com/+/web/snippet/
More information at https://developers.facebook.com/docs/opengraph/
More information at
https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/2539557
More information at
https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/1708844
Google+ will extract information from Open Graph properties, title
and meta description tags, or Schema.org microdata (recommended).
For author information in Google search results:
For businesses, brands, products and organizations:
Link your content to your Google+ profile
Link your homepage to your Google+ profile
Link to your website from your Google+ page's profile
Link back to your site from the ‘Contributor’
section of your Google+ profile
1
1
2
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Targeting Multiple Languages Mobile Web Development
Declare language attribute in the HTML element Responsive Design
Separate URLs
HTML version in <head>
Sitemap version
Annotate alternate language & country versions of content
1
3
ccTLDs (Country Level Only)
Subdirectories with gTLDS
Subdomains with gTLDS
example.de
example.com/de/
de.example.com/
URL Structures for Country & Language Targeting
rel="alternate" hreflang="x"
<html lang="fr">
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="http://www.example.com/" /> (Specifies Default)
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="http://example.com/de/" /> (Specifies Language)
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="de-ES" href="http://example.com/de-es/" /> (Specifies Language + Region)
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<url>
<loc>http://example.com/english</loc>
<xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="http://example.com/deutsch/" />
<xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="http://example.com/english/" />
</url>
<url>
<loc>http://example.com/deutsch/</loc>
<xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="http://example.com/english/" />
<xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="http://www.example.com/deutsch/" />
</url>
</urlset>
Uses CSS to alter the rendering of the page on the
device using media queries
/* Phones */
@media (max-width: 767px) { ... }
/* Tablets to Desktops */
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width:
992px) { ... }
/* Large devices */
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }
Identify mobile and desktop versions using rel="alternate"
and rel="canonical"
Example:
Desktop page: http://example.com/
<link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-
width: 640px)"
href="http://m.example.com/"/>
Mobile page: http://m.example.com/
<link rel="canonical" href="http://example.com/"/>
Popular Languages Popular Regions
ch Chinese
es Spanish
en English
ar Arabic
hi Hindi
CN China
US United States
IN India
JP Japan
BR Brazil
More language codes can be found at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes
More region codes can be found at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2
Dynamic Serving via Vary HTTP Header2
Serves different HTML and CSS on the same URL, varied by user agent
(...rest of HTTP response headers...)
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html
Vary: User-Agent
Content-Length: 5710

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