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The document outlines key events of the French Revolution, highlighting the establishment of the Committee of Public Safety and the Reign of Terror led by Maximilien Robespierre, which resulted in the execution of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. It details the violence and turmoil of this period, including the September Massacres where about 1200 prisoners were killed, and the government's harsh measures against perceived enemies during ongoing wars. The narrative concludes with Robespierre's eventual downfall and execution as the revolution spiraled into chaos.
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The document provides details about the French Revolution and the events leading up to it. It describes the social and economic inequality in France leading many citizens to revolt. On July 14, 1789, crowds stormed the Bastille prison in Paris seeking weapons and releasing prisoners. This marked a major event in the revolution. The document also discusses the storming of the Tuileries Palace in 1792, which resulted in the monarchy being abolished and France becoming a republic.French revolution
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The document discusses the French Revolution, detailing significant events such as the storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, and the socio-political context leading up to it, including the financial crisis and class division in French society. It describes the rise of philosophical ideas advocating for equality and democracy, the establishment of a constitutional monarchy, and ultimately the rise of a republic after the execution of King Louis XVI. The document also reflects on the legacy of the revolution, including the pursuit of human rights and the spread of revolutionary ideas globally.Frechrevevents
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The National Assembly formed as the Third Estate broke away from the Estates General, and took the Tennis Court Oath to create a constitution. The storming of the Bastille sparked revolts across France. The National Assembly abolished feudalism and adopted the Declaration of Rights of Man, though it ignored calls to include women's rights. Food shortages led to the March on Versailles and the royal family's move to Paris.The move to radicalism
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The document discusses the political situation in France in 1792-1793 during the French Revolution. It describes how the Paris Commune called for a national convention and how King Louis XVI's life was in danger. The king was eventually executed in early 1793, leading to new enemies of the revolution. Pressure from the Commune led the convention to adopt more radical measures. The king's execution also created new enemies for the revolution from outside France.Bastille Day: Storming the Stronghold
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Bastille Day, celebrated on July 14th, 1789, marks the beginning of the French Revolution, highlighted by the storming of the royal prison known as the Bastille. The day symbolizes the uprising against the monarchy, leading to the execution of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette, and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. This event showcases the power of collective action for achieving political change, similar to the American Revolution.History Alive French Revolutino Part Ii
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The French Revolution began with economic problems and calls for political reform. In May 1789, the Estates General met but the Third Estate declared itself the National Assembly after being denied fair voting. They took the Tennis Court Oath to create a new constitution. King Louis XVI accepted limited power but secretly planned to dissolve the Assembly. Rising bread prices and rumors of a royalist attack led to the storming of the Bastille prison on July 14, 1789, marking the start of the revolution. The National Assembly established rights and freedoms in the Declaration of the Rights of Man but the King remained opposed to reforms.Visions chapter 20
Visions chapter 20KC-Online
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World War I began in 1914 between the Allied powers of Britain, France, Russia, and later the United States against the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. The war was initially fought on the Western Front in trenches across northern France and Belgium, until the United States entered the war in 1917 after Germany began unrestricted submarine warfare and tried to enlist Mexico as an ally against America. Over two million American troops then joined the Allied forces. In 1918, President Woodrow Wilson outlined his Fourteen Points plan for postwar peace and self-determination. The war ended with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, which required German reparations and established the League of Nations.Visions chapter 21
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The document provides an overview of key events and developments in the United States during the turbulent decade of the 1920s. It discusses the rise of the automobile and aviation industries, cultural changes like Prohibition, immigration restrictions enacted by the federal government, civil rights issues and racial tensions including the Harlem Renaissance, and international diplomacy efforts in the aftermath of World War I.French revolution
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The document outlines the French Revolution, highlighting the transition from a monarchy to a more representative government driven by social and economic crises. It details the three estates of French society, the inequalities faced by the common people, and the revolutionary events that led to the rise of figures like Napoleon. The emphasis is on the newly recognized individual rights and the idea that sovereignty resides within the nation.French Revolution
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The French Revolution overthrew the French monarchy and established a republic. Economic troubles and resentment of the unequal system known as the Old Regime led to the revolution. In 1789, commoners stormed the Bastille prison, sparking widespread unrest. The National Assembly abolished feudalism and declared all men equal. However, radical Jacobins seized power and instituted a Reign of Terror from 1793-1794, executing thousands. The revolution dramatically changed French society and politics, establishing a strong sense of national identity.Reactions to Treaty
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The document summarizes the immediate reactions of Britain, France, the US, and Germany to the Treaty of Versailles. Britain's citizens wanted harsher terms but were satisfied with territorial gains. France did not think Germany was weakened enough. The US refused to ratify the treaty. Germany viewed the terms as a 'diktat' and did not like assigning sole war guilt or paying reparations.Ix french revolution
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The document outlines the context and events of the French Revolution, highlighting the societal divisions within France's three estates and the financial crisis under King Louis XVI. It describes the emergence of the national assembly by the third estate and the subsequent stages of the revolution, including the rise of constitutional monarchy, the abolition of the monarchy, and the Reign of Terror. The document also provides a timeline of key events from 1770s to 1799, culminating in Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
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The Treaty of Versailles significantly impacted Germany, viewed as excessively punitive by many Germans, fueling political unrest and undermining the Weimar Republic's authority. Economic hardships ensued due to heavy reparations, hyperinflation, and occupation of the Ruhr, leading to a severe crisis in 1923. Various political factions, both right and left, exploited the treaty's unpopularity, culminating in violent uprisings and the eventual stabilization efforts by Chancellor Gustav Stresemann.French revolution
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The French Revolution from 1789 to 1799 saw the absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries overthrown. French society underwent major transformations as new ideas from the Enlightenment spread and economic and financial crises increased discontent among commoners who made up the majority of the population. Key events included the meeting of the Estates General, the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille prison, and the march on Versailles that helped overthrow the monarchy. The revolution gave rise to radical new policies under the Reign of Terror and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, who seized power in a coup.National assembly decisions
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The National Assembly made several important decisions that changed the balance of power in France:
1. They declared the Rights of Man, establishing equality and freedoms of speech and religion but excluding women. This benefited the lower classes.
2. The Assembly seized land from the Catholic Church and made it a state institution rather than politically independent, gaining wealth while reducing the Church's power.
3. A limited constitutional monarchy was created to curb the King's authority and empower the Legislative Assembly.
4. War with Austria and Prussia ended badly for France and led to chaos, causing the Assembly to depose Louis XVI and form the radical National Convention to rule.Wars of Religion
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The Wars of Religion in France from 1560-1648 and the Thirty Years War from 1618-1648 were both devastating religious conflicts that weakened the power of royal authority in Europe and left the continent divided. The Wars of Religion in France established the Bourbon dynasty and granted Huguenots limited religious rights through the Edict of Nantes. The Thirty Years War ended with the Peace of Westphalia, which established principles of state sovereignty and religious tolerance while curtailing Habsburg power in the Holy Roman Empire. Both conflicts caused widespread death, economic ruin, and political fragmentation across Europe.French revolution
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The document summarizes the key causes and events of the French Revolution. The main causes included an unbalanced social structure under the Old Regime where the Third Estate comprised over 90% of the population but had few rights. Economic troubles also depleted the king's treasury. The Revolution began with the formation of the Estates General and was influenced by Enlightenment writers. Notable events included the storming of the Bastille, the Tennis Court Oath, bread riots, and the establishment of the Directory government after the instability of the revolution. The Revolution ultimately abolished the French monarchy and had widespread effects across France and beyond.Treaty of Versailles
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The document summarizes the Treaty of Versailles and the disagreements between the Allied powers over how to treat Germany after World War 1. France wanted harsh terms for revenge after immense losses, while Britain and the US advocated for more lenient terms to avoid future conflict. The eventual Treaty placed full war guilt on Germany, imposed massive military restrictions, took German land and colonies, and demanded heavy reparations that crippled the German economy and fostered resentment. Germany reacted with bitterness over the humiliation of being forced to sign the punitive "Diktat" treaty.French Revolution Simulation
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The document summarizes key situations and events during the French Revolution:
1) France's government was in extreme debt due to war expenses and crop failures caused famine, while the king and queen lived lavishly.
2) The king summoned the Estates General for taxes but the nobility and clergy refused to pay, leading commoners to form the National Assembly.
3) Fearing riots in Paris, the king sent soldiers but the people stormed the Bastille prison, starting the revolution.The Controversial Peace: 1919
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The document discusses the Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 that ended World War 1. It outlines what each of the main Allied powers - France, Britain, Italy, and the United States - wanted from the treaty. It also discusses Germany's reaction to being presented the harsh terms without participation. Key points included France wanting security and revenge, Britain a balanced approach, reparations, territorial changes that reduced Germany significantly, and widespread anger in Germany at being presented a "dictated peace".Was the Treaty of Versailles Too Harsh?
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The document examines the Treaty of Versailles and argues that it was too harsh on Germany, leading to severe economic and territorial losses that weakened the nation and contributed to World War II. It presents contrasting viewpoints from significant political figures, showing that while some desired harsh penalties for Germany, others, like Wilson, advocated for a more lenient approach to prevent future aggression. Ultimately, the harsh terms of the treaty are cited as central to Germany's later unrest and the rise of Hitler.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
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Lloyd George was the most satisfied of the peacemakers at the Treaty of Versailles, advocating for a moderate peace to revive the European economy and successfully securing British interests by expanding the empire. He persuaded Clemenceau to adopt a less punitive stance towards Germany, which helped to protect British businesses and mitigate fears of communism. His return was celebrated in Britain, with the House of Commons overwhelmingly approving the treaty.French revolution causes
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The document summarizes the key causes and events of the French Revolution. The social structure under the Old Regime, economic troubles due to war debts and spending, and political issues like taxation without representation of the Third Estate were long-term causes. The immediate cause was King Louis XVI calling the Estates General in 1789 due to bankruptcy. This led to the formation of the National Assembly and the storming of the Bastille, sparking the Revolution.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
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President Wilson had mixed feelings about the peace settlement, appreciating certain aspects like the creation of independent states and disarmament clauses, but also feeling the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany. Key successor states included Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia, yet concerns remained over territorial decisions and the treatment of minority groups. Congressional rejection of the peace settlement stemmed from Wilson's declining health, political opposition, and a reluctance among Americans to engage in European conflicts.France abolishes monarchy and becomes republic (french revolution)
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France abolishes the monarchy and becomes a republic. Louis XVI had signed the constitution but was growing unpopular due to secret negotiations with Austria and Prussia against the interests of the people. As the economic difficulties of war increased discontent, radical political clubs like the Jacobins gained influence. Robespierre became the leader of the Jacobins and helped establish a repressive Reign of Terror, overseeing the execution of Louis XVI and thousands of others deemed enemies of the republic. Robespierre's authoritarian policies eventually led to his own downfall and execution in 1794, ending the Reign of Terror.The French Revolution
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The French Revolution began as a response to a financial crisis that left France deeply in debt. King Louis XVI called together the Estates General to address reforms but divisions emerged over voting procedures. The Third Estate formed the National Assembly and seized power. Peasant uprisings broke out as economic conditions worsened. The storming of the Bastille marked the start of the Revolution. Reforms attacked the power of the nobility and church, radicalizing conservatives and foreign monarchs against the Revolution. Internal divisions grew as radical Jacobins took power and the Reign of Terror began, eliminating enemies of the state under Robespierre until his own fall from power.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
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The Treaty of Versailles imposed heavy penalties on Germany and its allies, including the war guilt clause, reparations of 6.6 billion pounds, and severe disarmament measures. Significant territorial losses were enforced, with Germany surrendering colonies, regions to neighboring nations, and facing occupation by Allied forces in specific areas. Additionally, Germany was required to accept the League of Nations' covenant, while Danzig was established as a free city to maintain trade access for Poland.The french revolution
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The French Revolution was caused by an unfair social order, a weak king with financial problems, and new enlightenment ideas challenging the old order. French society was divided into the clergy and aristocracy who did not pay taxes and controlled most of the land, and the commoners who paid all the taxes. As anger grew over this imbalance and a failed wheat crop, the commoners stormed the Bastille prison in 1789, beginning the French Revolution. The revolution had lasting effects including equality under the law, universal suffrage, religious freedom, and rights for the accused in trial. It changed societies around the world by ending privilege based solely on birth.2013 Radical Phase
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The document summarizes key events during the French Revolution from 1791 to 1795. It describes the formation of the Legislative Assembly under the new constitution and King Louis XVI's failed attempt to escape France in 1791 which cost him popularity. It also mentions the Legislative Assembly declaring war on Austria after other countries threatened to restore Louis to power. The document then discusses the rise of radical groups like the Jacobins and Sans-culottes and key figures like Marat who pushed for more radical changes. It outlines the overthrow of the monarchy, trial and execution of Louis XVI, and the start of the Reign of Terror under the Committee of Public Safety led by Robespierre which saw thousands executed before his own downfallFrench Revolution
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The French Revolution began in 1789 and overthrew the French monarchy and feudal system. The three estates - clergy, nobility, and commoners - were divided by extreme inequality. The commoners, represented by the Third Estate, demanded political reforms but faced opposition. This led to the storming of the Bastille prison and the abolition of feudalism. However, instability grew and the radical Jacobins rose, imposing the Reign of Terror to eliminate opponents. The revolution culminated with the rise and fall of Maximilien Robespierre and the execution of Louis XVI in 1793 before the more moderate Directory government took over in 1795.More Related Content
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The document outlines the French Revolution, highlighting the transition from a monarchy to a more representative government driven by social and economic crises. It details the three estates of French society, the inequalities faced by the common people, and the revolutionary events that led to the rise of figures like Napoleon. The emphasis is on the newly recognized individual rights and the idea that sovereignty resides within the nation.French Revolution
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The French Revolution overthrew the French monarchy and established a republic. Economic troubles and resentment of the unequal system known as the Old Regime led to the revolution. In 1789, commoners stormed the Bastille prison, sparking widespread unrest. The National Assembly abolished feudalism and declared all men equal. However, radical Jacobins seized power and instituted a Reign of Terror from 1793-1794, executing thousands. The revolution dramatically changed French society and politics, establishing a strong sense of national identity.Reactions to Treaty
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The document summarizes the immediate reactions of Britain, France, the US, and Germany to the Treaty of Versailles. Britain's citizens wanted harsher terms but were satisfied with territorial gains. France did not think Germany was weakened enough. The US refused to ratify the treaty. Germany viewed the terms as a 'diktat' and did not like assigning sole war guilt or paying reparations.Ix french revolution
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The document outlines the context and events of the French Revolution, highlighting the societal divisions within France's three estates and the financial crisis under King Louis XVI. It describes the emergence of the national assembly by the third estate and the subsequent stages of the revolution, including the rise of constitutional monarchy, the abolition of the monarchy, and the Reign of Terror. The document also provides a timeline of key events from 1770s to 1799, culminating in Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
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油
The Treaty of Versailles significantly impacted Germany, viewed as excessively punitive by many Germans, fueling political unrest and undermining the Weimar Republic's authority. Economic hardships ensued due to heavy reparations, hyperinflation, and occupation of the Ruhr, leading to a severe crisis in 1923. Various political factions, both right and left, exploited the treaty's unpopularity, culminating in violent uprisings and the eventual stabilization efforts by Chancellor Gustav Stresemann.French revolution
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The French Revolution from 1789 to 1799 saw the absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries overthrown. French society underwent major transformations as new ideas from the Enlightenment spread and economic and financial crises increased discontent among commoners who made up the majority of the population. Key events included the meeting of the Estates General, the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille prison, and the march on Versailles that helped overthrow the monarchy. The revolution gave rise to radical new policies under the Reign of Terror and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, who seized power in a coup.National assembly decisions
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油
The National Assembly made several important decisions that changed the balance of power in France:
1. They declared the Rights of Man, establishing equality and freedoms of speech and religion but excluding women. This benefited the lower classes.
2. The Assembly seized land from the Catholic Church and made it a state institution rather than politically independent, gaining wealth while reducing the Church's power.
3. A limited constitutional monarchy was created to curb the King's authority and empower the Legislative Assembly.
4. War with Austria and Prussia ended badly for France and led to chaos, causing the Assembly to depose Louis XVI and form the radical National Convention to rule.Wars of Religion
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油
The Wars of Religion in France from 1560-1648 and the Thirty Years War from 1618-1648 were both devastating religious conflicts that weakened the power of royal authority in Europe and left the continent divided. The Wars of Religion in France established the Bourbon dynasty and granted Huguenots limited religious rights through the Edict of Nantes. The Thirty Years War ended with the Peace of Westphalia, which established principles of state sovereignty and religious tolerance while curtailing Habsburg power in the Holy Roman Empire. Both conflicts caused widespread death, economic ruin, and political fragmentation across Europe.French revolution
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油
The document summarizes the key causes and events of the French Revolution. The main causes included an unbalanced social structure under the Old Regime where the Third Estate comprised over 90% of the population but had few rights. Economic troubles also depleted the king's treasury. The Revolution began with the formation of the Estates General and was influenced by Enlightenment writers. Notable events included the storming of the Bastille, the Tennis Court Oath, bread riots, and the establishment of the Directory government after the instability of the revolution. The Revolution ultimately abolished the French monarchy and had widespread effects across France and beyond.Treaty of Versailles
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The document summarizes the Treaty of Versailles and the disagreements between the Allied powers over how to treat Germany after World War 1. France wanted harsh terms for revenge after immense losses, while Britain and the US advocated for more lenient terms to avoid future conflict. The eventual Treaty placed full war guilt on Germany, imposed massive military restrictions, took German land and colonies, and demanded heavy reparations that crippled the German economy and fostered resentment. Germany reacted with bitterness over the humiliation of being forced to sign the punitive "Diktat" treaty.French Revolution Simulation
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油
The document summarizes key situations and events during the French Revolution:
1) France's government was in extreme debt due to war expenses and crop failures caused famine, while the king and queen lived lavishly.
2) The king summoned the Estates General for taxes but the nobility and clergy refused to pay, leading commoners to form the National Assembly.
3) Fearing riots in Paris, the king sent soldiers but the people stormed the Bastille prison, starting the revolution.The Controversial Peace: 1919
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油
The document discusses the Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 that ended World War 1. It outlines what each of the main Allied powers - France, Britain, Italy, and the United States - wanted from the treaty. It also discusses Germany's reaction to being presented the harsh terms without participation. Key points included France wanting security and revenge, Britain a balanced approach, reparations, territorial changes that reduced Germany significantly, and widespread anger in Germany at being presented a "dictated peace".Was the Treaty of Versailles Too Harsh?
Was the Treaty of Versailles Too Harsh?George P. Kyprianides
油
The document examines the Treaty of Versailles and argues that it was too harsh on Germany, leading to severe economic and territorial losses that weakened the nation and contributed to World War II. It presents contrasting viewpoints from significant political figures, showing that while some desired harsh penalties for Germany, others, like Wilson, advocated for a more lenient approach to prevent future aggression. Ultimately, the harsh terms of the treaty are cited as central to Germany's later unrest and the rise of Hitler.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...George Dumitrache
油
Lloyd George was the most satisfied of the peacemakers at the Treaty of Versailles, advocating for a moderate peace to revive the European economy and successfully securing British interests by expanding the empire. He persuaded Clemenceau to adopt a less punitive stance towards Germany, which helped to protect British businesses and mitigate fears of communism. His return was celebrated in Britain, with the House of Commons overwhelmingly approving the treaty.French revolution causes
French revolution causeskv
油
The document summarizes the key causes and events of the French Revolution. The social structure under the Old Regime, economic troubles due to war debts and spending, and political issues like taxation without representation of the Third Estate were long-term causes. The immediate cause was King Louis XVI calling the Estates General in 1789 due to bankruptcy. This led to the formation of the National Assembly and the storming of the Bastille, sparking the Revolution.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...George Dumitrache
油
President Wilson had mixed feelings about the peace settlement, appreciating certain aspects like the creation of independent states and disarmament clauses, but also feeling the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany. Key successor states included Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia, yet concerns remained over territorial decisions and the treatment of minority groups. Congressional rejection of the peace settlement stemmed from Wilson's declining health, political opposition, and a reluctance among Americans to engage in European conflicts.France abolishes monarchy and becomes republic (french revolution)
France abolishes monarchy and becomes republic (french revolution) KhushiVerma274203
油
France abolishes the monarchy and becomes a republic. Louis XVI had signed the constitution but was growing unpopular due to secret negotiations with Austria and Prussia against the interests of the people. As the economic difficulties of war increased discontent, radical political clubs like the Jacobins gained influence. Robespierre became the leader of the Jacobins and helped establish a repressive Reign of Terror, overseeing the execution of Louis XVI and thousands of others deemed enemies of the republic. Robespierre's authoritarian policies eventually led to his own downfall and execution in 1794, ending the Reign of Terror.The French Revolution
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油
The French Revolution began as a response to a financial crisis that left France deeply in debt. King Louis XVI called together the Estates General to address reforms but divisions emerged over voting procedures. The Third Estate formed the National Assembly and seized power. Peasant uprisings broke out as economic conditions worsened. The storming of the Bastille marked the start of the Revolution. Reforms attacked the power of the nobility and church, radicalizing conservatives and foreign monarchs against the Revolution. Internal divisions grew as radical Jacobins took power and the Reign of Terror began, eliminating enemies of the state under Robespierre until his own fall from power.HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - FAIRNESS OF THE TREATIES 1919-1...George Dumitrache
油
The Treaty of Versailles imposed heavy penalties on Germany and its allies, including the war guilt clause, reparations of 6.6 billion pounds, and severe disarmament measures. Significant territorial losses were enforced, with Germany surrendering colonies, regions to neighboring nations, and facing occupation by Allied forces in specific areas. Additionally, Germany was required to accept the League of Nations' covenant, while Danzig was established as a free city to maintain trade access for Poland.The french revolution
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油
The French Revolution was caused by an unfair social order, a weak king with financial problems, and new enlightenment ideas challenging the old order. French society was divided into the clergy and aristocracy who did not pay taxes and controlled most of the land, and the commoners who paid all the taxes. As anger grew over this imbalance and a failed wheat crop, the commoners stormed the Bastille prison in 1789, beginning the French Revolution. The revolution had lasting effects including equality under the law, universal suffrage, religious freedom, and rights for the accused in trial. It changed societies around the world by ending privilege based solely on birth.Similar to September massacre (20)
2013 Radical Phase
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The document summarizes key events during the French Revolution from 1791 to 1795. It describes the formation of the Legislative Assembly under the new constitution and King Louis XVI's failed attempt to escape France in 1791 which cost him popularity. It also mentions the Legislative Assembly declaring war on Austria after other countries threatened to restore Louis to power. The document then discusses the rise of radical groups like the Jacobins and Sans-culottes and key figures like Marat who pushed for more radical changes. It outlines the overthrow of the monarchy, trial and execution of Louis XVI, and the start of the Reign of Terror under the Committee of Public Safety led by Robespierre which saw thousands executed before his own downfallFrench Revolution
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The French Revolution began in 1789 and overthrew the French monarchy and feudal system. The three estates - clergy, nobility, and commoners - were divided by extreme inequality. The commoners, represented by the Third Estate, demanded political reforms but faced opposition. This led to the storming of the Bastille prison and the abolition of feudalism. However, instability grew and the radical Jacobins rose, imposing the Reign of Terror to eliminate opponents. The revolution culminated with the rise and fall of Maximilien Robespierre and the execution of Louis XVI in 1793 before the more moderate Directory government took over in 1795.Ch18sec2
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The document summarizes the radical phase of the French Revolution from 1792-1794. It describes the rise of radical groups like the Paris Commune and the Jacobins, the execution of King Louis XVI after a split over his fate, and the establishment of the Committee of Public Safety led by Robespierre. This period saw the Reign of Terror where tens of thousands perceived as enemies of the revolution were executed. Robespierre's growing paranoia led to his own downfall and execution in 1794, ending the Reign of Terror.Chapter 11 section 2
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Georges Danton and Jean-Paul Marat led a radical movement in France seeking revenge against those who opposed the revolution. Over 40,000 people were executed during the Reign of Terror as the revolutionary government, led by Maximilien Robespierre, attempted to eliminate enemies of the republic. However, Robespierre's increasingly authoritarian rule led to his own arrest and execution, ending the Reign of Terror. The unstable post-revolution government known as the Directory faced opposition from royalists and radicals alike and struggled with economic problems until Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in a coup d'etat.Chapter 9 section 2 power point
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1) The National Convention abolished the French monarchy and established a republic, condemning King Louis XVI to death which angered enemies of the revolution at home and abroad.
2) To defend the republic from threats, the Committee of Public Safety established the Reign of Terror, executing over 40,000 people including clergy and nobles.
3) During this time, the Convention also pursued de-Christianization policies and established a new Republican calendar while the Committee of Public Safety took steps to control all aspects of French society.French revolution
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The French Revolution began in 1789 and overthrew the French monarchy and feudal system. The Third Estate, which represented the common people, demanded political rights and reforms. After the storming of the Bastille, the National Assembly abolished feudalism and adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man. However, political divisions grew between moderate and radical factions. The monarchy was abolished and King Louis XVI was executed, leading to the Reign of Terror under Robespierre and the Jacobins. Over 30,000 people were executed before the Directory was established in 1795, marking the end of the revolutionary period.The French Revolution - part 2
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The royal family tried to escape France but was caught. This led to the creation of a new constitution and Legislative Assembly with power shared between the king and assembly. Internal divisions grew between moderate and radical groups as the war went badly. Radicals took control in Paris, declared a republic and executed the king and queen. The Reign of Terror followed under Robespierre until his own fall from power. The government transitioned to the Directory and then the Consulate before Napoleon declared himself Emperor.French revolution 2
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The document provides background information on the radical phase of the French Revolution from 1793-1794. Key events included the establishment of the Committee of Public Safety and the Reign of Terror led by Robespierre. During this time, the Jacobins consolidated power, established a revolutionary government, enforced mass conscription, imposed price controls, and executed thousands of opponents, including Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. Religious de-Christianization programs were also implemented in an effort to establish a secular republic.Revolution to terror
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The document outlines key events and factions during the French Revolution, including Maximilien Robespierre emerging as a radical revolutionary who wanted to establish a "Republic of Virtue", the split between the more moderate Girondins and radical Jacobins, and the increasing use of state terrorism and revolutionary tribunals to punish enemies of the republic after the overthrow of the monarchy.Ch. 7.2 french revolution
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The document summarizes key events in the French Revolution from 1789 to 1794. It describes the Declaration of the Rights of Man which established equality but excluded women. Olympe de Gouges then published a Declaration of the Rights of Woman demanding equal rights. As the revolution continued, different factions emerged in the Legislative Assembly, and war broke out with other European nations. The monarchy was abolished and Louis XVI was executed, leading to the Reign of Terror under Robespierre where thousands were executed for being enemies of the revolution until his own arrest and execution in 1794.The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Era
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The document summarizes the key events of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1815, including:
1) The calling of the Estates General in 1789 to discuss tax reforms, leading representatives of the Third Estate to form the National Assembly and declare a constitutional monarchy.
2) Popular uprisings in 1789 including the Storming of the Bastille and the Great Fear by peasants, along with the National Assembly's abolition of feudalism and declaration of human rights.
3) The establishment of a republic in 1792 after the royal family's failed flight to Varennes and the suspension of the monarchy, followed by increasing radicalization under the Jacobins' Reign of TerrorThe French Revolution: The Convention by Andrea and Selena
The French Revolution: The Convention by Andrea and SelenaHilario Roma
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The Convention was the main governing body of France from 1792-1795 during the First French Republic, established after the overthrow of the monarchy. It was dominated initially by the Girondins but the more radical Jacobins led by Robespierre gained power in 1793, instituting the Reign of Terror and executing over 50,000 people, including those deemed enemies of the revolution. In 1794, the Convention was overthrown by moderates, ending the Jacobin and Reign of Terror period.French Revolution - The Radical Phase
French Revolution - The Radical PhaseTechandTeaching
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The document summarizes key events and developments during the radical phase of the French Revolution from 1793 to 1794, known as the Reign of Terror. It describes the rise of radical Jacobin groups like the Sans-Culottes and their increasing hold on power. Key events included the establishment of the Committee of Public Safety led by Robespierre, which instituted a period of mass executions and de-Christianization efforts across France in the name of protecting the revolution against internal and external threats. By mid-1794, the radical phase had consumed itself as Robespierre was overthrown and executed during the Thermidorian Reaction that sought to curb the excesses of the Reign of Terror.The French Revolution-HIS 112
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The French Revolution was caused by financial troubles for the crown, resentment of the privileged social system, and Enlightenment ideas spreading among the populace. In 1789, King Louis XVI called the Estates General to address fiscal issues but tensions rose as the Third Estate demanded more representation. The Tennis Court Oath and storming of the Bastille radicalized the Revolution. The National Assembly adopted the Declaration of Rights of Man as the monarchy was abolished and a republic established. However, internal divisions and war with European nations led to the Reign of Terror under Robespierre and the guillotining of tens of thousands, including Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. The moderate Directory was established in 1795 but eventually7
7Jessica Clark
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1) The French Revolution led to war with Austria and other European monarchies who wanted to restore the French monarchy and prevent the spread of revolutionary ideals.
2) Internal power struggles in France led Maximilien Robespierre and the radical Jacobins to seize power and institute a Reign of Terror, executing thousands of enemies of the revolution.
3) Robespierre consolidated power and established a dictatorship, but eventually his rivals turned on him and he was arrested and executed, bringing the Reign of Terror to an end.Fr rev 6
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The document summarizes key events and developments during the Reign of Terror period of the French Revolution from 1793-1794. It introduces the 12 members who made up the Committee of Public Safety that ruled France with an "iron fist". It describes the growing unrest and threats from within and without France that led to the establishment of harsh policies of repression and terror against perceived enemies of the revolution on September 5th 1793. These included the Law of Suspects and executions of prominent figures like Marie Antoinette and the Girondists. The summary outlines how terror was enforced in the provinces through extreme measures that aimed to crush counterrevolutionary uprisings in places like Brittany and the Vend辿e region.World History Unit9 French Revolution
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The document provides a detailed overview of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1794, covering major events and developments. It summarizes the establishment of the Estates-General and National Assembly in 1789, the storming of the Bastille, the abolition of feudalism, the Declaration of the Rights of Man, and the constitutional monarchy established in 1791. It then discusses the more radical phase from 1793-1794, including the Reign of Terror under Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety, the de-Christianization efforts, and the Thermidorian Reaction that overthrew Robespierre.Chapter 3 ( world history )
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During the Reign of Terror from 1793 to 1794, the Committee of Public Safety established revolutionary courts that executed almost 40,000 people, including Marie Antoinette. Armies were sent to cities to enforce control of the National Convention, executing over 1,800 citizens in Lyon as an example. The Committee took steps to shape a new French society called the Republic of Virtue, including controlling prices, observing the National Convention, and adopting a new calendar that eliminated references to Christianity.23.2 revolution brings reform and terror
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After the storming of the Bastille, the National Assembly abolished feudalism and adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man, establishing principles of liberty, equality, and resistance to oppression. During the Reign of Terror from 1793-1794, radical Jacobins took control and executed over 40,000 people, including King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. Led by Robespierre, the Terror established radical reforms through violence and executions until Robespierre himself was overthrown and guillotined in 1794.Ccp mmw lecture_-_war_violence_and_modernity_2
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This document discusses different forms of political violence throughout modern history. It examines state-initiated violence like revolutionary terror during the French Revolution as well as violence against the state, such as terrorism. Revolutionary terror during the French Revolution involved public executions and mass arrests to intimidate the population. The Bolsheviks also used terror against internal and external enemies after their revolution. Terrorism has taken on new forms in modernity due to new ideologies, technologies, and political causes. However, interpretations of violence and terrorism differ, with some viewing it as a rational political strategy and others seeing terrorists as criminals.Ad
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- 2. APRIL 6 1792 NATIONAL CONVENTION CREATES COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY SEP 1 GENERAL MOBILIZATION, CITIZENTS SENT TO THE FRONT SEP 2 DANTON INSTIGATES THE MASSACRE OF ABOUT 1200 ROYALISTS SEP 5 REIGN OF TERROR BEGINS; LASTS MORE THAN 10 MONTHS SEP 21 FRANCE IS DECLARED REPUBLIC
- 3. JAN 21 1793 LOUIS XVI EXCECUTED OCT 16 MARIE ANTOINETTE IS EXECUTED JUNE 24 CONSTITUTION OF 1793 IS ESTABLISHED SEP 29 ROBESPIERRES MAXIMUM IMPLEMENTS CEILING ON PRICES OCT 16 MARIE ANTONETTE IS EXECUTED JULY 28 1794 ROBESPIERRES IS OVERTHROWN DEC 24 MAXIMUM IS REPEALED, PRICES SKY ROCKET
- 4. MAXMILIEN ROBESPIERRE- JACOBIAN LEADER WHO SIEZED CONTROL OF NATIONAL CONVENTION AND COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY; LATER INSTITUTED REIGN OF TERROR, TARGETTING THOSE WHOSE PHILOSOPHIES DIFFERED FROM HIS OWN GEORGE DANTON - LONGTIME JACOBIAN AND CLOSE ASSOCIATE OF ROBESPIERRE WHO WAS EXECUTED AFTER HE BEGAN QUESTIONING THE EXTREMES TO WHICH ROBESPIERRE WAS GOING IN THE REIGN OF TERROR
- 5. KING LOUIS XVI AND QUEEN MARIE ANTONITTE GIRONDINS -NAME GIVEN TO MODERATES IN THE NATIONAL CONVENTION JACOBINS -RADICAL WING OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE NATIONAL CONVENTION, LED BY ROBESPIERRE
- 6. GEORGES- JACQUES DANTON CHIEF FORCE IN THE OVERTHROW OF MONARCHY AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FIRST FRENCH REPUBLIC ELECTED MINISTER OF JUSTICE BY THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY DOMINATED HIS COLLEGUES SEP 2 DANTON IN THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY DELIVERED THE MOST FAMOUS SPEECH
- 7. TO CONQUER THE ENEMIES OF THE FATHER LAND, WE NEED DARING, MORE DARING, DARING NOW AND ALWAYS AND FRANCE IS SAVED
- 8. 2-3 SEP 1992
- 9. FIRST TERROR OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. MADE A PROFOUND IMPRESSION ABROAD WHERE THEY WERE PUBLICIZED AS PROOF OF THE HORRORS OF REVOLUTION THE CITY HAD BEEN A SCENE OF VIOLENCE AND BLOODSHED
- 10. THERE WAS NO AUTHORITATIVE BODY OTHER THAN RADICAL COMMUNE THE PRISONS WERE FULL OF INMATES, MOST OF WHOM HAD BEEN ROUNDED UP BY THE COMMUNE AND THE MOB AFTER THE TUILERIES ASSAULT IN AUGUST THE MASSACRES WAS AN EXPRESSION OF THE COLLECTIVE MENTALITY IN . PARIS IN THE DAYS AFTER THE OERTHROW OF THE MONARCHY THE ACTUAL KILLING BEGAN ON SEP 2 IN THE NEXT 4 DAYS, THE MASSACRE SPREAD TO THE OTHER PRISONS OF THE CITY THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES WERE POWERLESS TO STOP THEM ABOUT 1200 PRISONERS WERE KILLED
- 11. BRUTAL KILLING MEANWHILE, VOLUNTEERS WERE POURING INTO THE ARMY AS THE REVOLUTION HAD AWAKENED FRENCH NATIONALISM HAPPENS IN THE FIRST PHASE OF THE WAR FOLLOWS THE REIGN OF TERROR
- 13. THE TERROR / LA TERREAUR SEP 5, 1793 JULY 29, 1794 CAUGHT UP IN CIVIL WAR AND FOREIGN WAR, THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT DECIDED TO MAKE TERROR THE ORDER OF THE DAY HARSH MEASURES AGAINST ENEMIES (NOBLES, PRIESTS, HOARDERS) IN PARIS WAVE OF WAVE OFEXECUTION FOLLOWED
- 14. MONARCHY ABOLISHED NATIONAL CONVENTION SUFFRAGE TO ALL MALE CITIZENS VOTED TO ABOLISH MONARCHY DECLARED FRANCE AS REPUBLIC DEATH OF KING AND QUEEN
- 15. THE CONVENTION DEFENDS THE REPUBLIC COUNTRY AT WAR AT ALL SIDES WITH EUROPE VENDEE REGION- PRIESTS LED PEASANT REBELLION AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT SANS- CULOTTES DEMANDED RELIEF FROM FOOD SHORTAGE AND INFLATION SANS CULOTTES
- 16. 12 MEMBER COMMITTEE ALMOST LED ABSOLUTE POWER PREPARED FRANCE FOR ALL OUT WAR BETWEEN REBELS IN THE COUNTRY AND EUROPE MARIE ANTOINETTE TO TRIAL
- 19. ROBESPIERRE LEADER OF THE COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY THE INCORRUPTABLE TERROR IS THE ONLY JUSTICE, PROMPT, SECURE AND INFLUXIBLE LIBERTY CANNOT BE SECURED UNLESS CRIMINALS LOSE THEIR HEADS FESTIVAL OF SUPREME BEING
- 21. OVER 40,000 PEOPLE WERE KILLED GUILLOTIN BECAME A SYMBOL OF HORROR REIGN OF TERROR CONSUMED ITS OWN ROBESPIERRE WAS ARRESTED , EXECUTED