SIMULATING A SIMPLE MACHINE (smaco)
Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes176 views
SIMULATING A SIMPLE MACHINE (smaco) Introduction Features Instruction Format Instruction Set Condition Code Registers
1 of 6
Download to read offline
Recommended
Assembly language programming_fundamentals 8086
Assembly language programming_fundamentals 8086Shehrevar Davierwala
Ìý
This document provides an introduction to assembly language programming fundamentals. It discusses machine languages and low-level languages. It also covers data representation and numbering systems. Key assembly language concepts like instructions format, directives, procedures, macros and input/output are described. Examples are given to illustrate variables, assignment, conditional jumps, loops and other common programming elements in assembly language.Assembly language part I
Assembly language part IMohammed A. Imran
Ìý
This presentation covers very basics of assembly language with some computer organization concept. I took this session as part of on going series on assembly at NULL Hyderabad meets. PART II will cover instruction sets and more in detail. Issues in design_of_code_generator
Issues in design_of_code_generatorvinithapanneer
Ìý
The document discusses the key issues in designing a code generator, which is the final phase of a compiler that generates target code from an optimized intermediate representation. It outlines several important considerations for the code generator, including the input representation, memory management, instruction selection, register allocation, evaluation order, and different approaches to code generation. The overall goal is to generate correct and high-quality target code that runs efficiently.Peephole Optimization
Peephole OptimizationUnited International University
Ìý
This presentation discusses peephole optimization. Peephole optimization is performed on small segments of generated code to replace sets of instructions with shorter or faster equivalents. It aims to improve performance, reduce code size, and reduce memory footprint. The working flow of peephole optimization involves scanning code for patterns that match predefined replacement rules. These rules include constant folding, strength reduction, removing null sequences, and combining operations. Peephole optimization functions by replacing slow instructions with faster ones, removing redundant code and stack instructions, and optimizing jumps.Introduction to Assembly Language Programming
Introduction to Assembly Language ProgrammingRahul P
Ìý
This presentation provides a basic idea about Assembly Language Programming using NASM ( Netwide Assembler ).Peephole optimization techniques
Peephole optimization techniquesgarishma bhatia
Ìý
The document discusses peephole optimization techniques. It defines peephole optimization as a type of optimization performed over a small set of instructions in generated code to recognize patterns that can be replaced by shorter or faster instructions. The goal is to improve performance, reduce memory footprint, and reduce code size. It describes machine-independent optimization as transformations that do not involve CPU registers or memory locations, while machine-dependent optimization targets the generated code according to the machine architecture. Common replacement rules used in peephole optimization include constant folding, strength reduction, null sequence elimination, combining operations, and using algebraic laws and special case instructions.Lec 01 basic concepts
Lec 01 basic conceptsAbdul Khan
Ìý
This document provides an overview of basic computer organization and assembly language concepts. It discusses the hierarchy of programming languages from low-level machine language to high-level languages. It also describes the programmer's view of a computer system as multiple layers of abstraction, and covers basic computer components like the processor, memory, and I/O devices. Assembly language is introduced as a low-level language that has a one-to-one correspondence with machine language instructions.Mp lab manual
Mp lab manualPradeep Kumar
Ìý
This document provides a list of experiments to be conducted using microprocessors and microcontrollers for two cycles. The first cycle involves programs written for the 8086 assembler using TASM software. The second cycle involves programs written for the 8051 assembler using TOP VIEW SIMULATOR software for interfacing experiments. A total of minimum 10 programs must be conducted between the two cycles.Intro to assembly language
Intro to assembly languageUnited International University
Ìý
1) The document discusses different levels of programming languages including machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages. Assembly language uses symbolic instructions that directly correspond to machine language instructions.
2) It describes the components of the Intel 8086 processor including its 16-bit registers like the accumulator, base, count, and data registers as well as its segment, pointer, index, and status flag registers.
3) Binary numbers can be represented in signed magnitude, one's complement, or two's complement form. Two's complement is commonly used in modern computers as it allows for efficient addition and subtraction of binary numbers.Computer Organization - Programming the basic computer : Machine Language, As...
Computer Organization - Programming the basic computer : Machine Language, As...Maitri Thakkar
Ìý
This is a presentation which explains exactly what machine language and assembly level language is and explains the role of assembler and two different passes of assembler in computer organization/ computer architecture.Microprocessor chapter 9 - assembly language programming
Microprocessor chapter 9 - assembly language programmingWondeson Emeye
Ìý
This document provides an overview of assembly language programming concepts for the 8086 processor. It discusses variables which are stored in registers, assignment using MOV instructions, input/output using INT 21h to call operating system functions and pass parameters in registers, and complete program examples that demonstrate displaying characters, reading input, and terminating programs. It also provides sample programs and exercises for students to practice core concepts like loops, conditional jumps, arithmetic operations on numbers in various formats.12109 microprocessor & programming
12109 microprocessor & programmingGaurang Thakar
Ìý
This document provides information about the fourth semester subject "Microprocessor and Programming" for the Computer Engineering group. It includes the teaching and examination scheme, rationale, objectives, learning structure, and contents of the course. The course aims to teach students about the architecture and instruction set of 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. It covers topics such as assembly language programming, procedures, macros, and interfacing with memory. The goal is to enable students to design 8086-based programs and systems. Assessment includes theory exams, practical exams, and sessional work based on bi-weekly tests.Mp &mc programs
Mp &mc programsHaritha Hary
Ìý
The document provides information about the MASM (Microsoft Macro Assembler) software. It discusses that MASM is an integrated development environment for assembly language programming that includes an editor, assembler, linker and debugger. It also provides examples of assembly language programs that perform operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division on 8-bit and 16-bit data. Furthermore, it includes programs to arrange numbers in ascending and descending order, reverse a string, and calculate the factorial of a given number. All programs are developed and tested using the MASM assembler.Programming basic computer
Programming basic computerMartial Kouadio
Ìý
The document discusses programming basics and assembly language. It defines a program as a set of instructions that directs a computer to perform tasks. Programs must be converted to binary before execution. Assembly language uses mnemonics like ADD, LDA, STA to represent machine-level instructions. It has directives like ORG, END and symbolic addresses to help the assembler convert programs to binary. Sample assembly language programs are provided to add and subtract numbers using loops and memory locations for operands and results.Lecture6
Lecture6misgina Mengesha
Ìý
This document discusses assembly language programming for the 8086 processor. It covers various assembler directives like ASSUME, DB, END, EQU, EXTRN and their uses. It also discusses processor directives such as EVEN, GLOBAL, INCLUDE, LENGTH, NAME, OFFSET and ORG. The document provides examples of programs that determine register contents and flags after execution. It also gives an example of a program that takes Celsius temperature as input, converts it to Fahrenheit and displays the result. Finally, it provides an exercise to write a program for a login system that reads a password from keyboard, compares it with a stored password and prints access results.Alp 05
Alp 05gswapnil86
Ìý
This document provides an introduction to 8086 assembly language programming. It discusses key concepts like variables, assignment, input/output, control flow, and subprograms. It then describes specific 8086 instructions like MOV for assignment, ADD, INC, DEC, and SUB for arithmetic operations, and INT for input/output. The document gives examples of writing simple programs that display or read characters using these instructions.Bca 2nd sem-u-3.1-basic computer programming and micro programmed control
Bca 2nd sem-u-3.1-basic computer programming and micro programmed controlRai University
Ìý
The document discusses basic computer programming and microprogrammed control. It introduces basic programming concepts and their relation to hardware instruction representation. It then provides details on:
1. The instruction set of a basic computer including operations like AND, ADD, LDA, STA, etc.
2. The hierarchy of programming languages from low-level machine language to high-level languages like C++.
3. Details on assembly language including symbolic addressing, memory reference vs non-memory reference instructions, and pseudo instructions.Assembly fundamentals
Assembly fundamentalsSyed Zaid Irshad
Ìý
An assembly (or assembler) language, often abbreviated asm, is a low-level programming language for a computer, or other programmable device, in which there is a very strong (generally one-to-one) correspondence between the language and the architecture's machine code instructions.Unit 4 assembly language programming
Unit 4 assembly language programmingKartik Sharma
Ìý
The document discusses assembly language programming concepts including the stack segment, stack, stack instructions, subroutines, macros, and recursive procedures. It provides examples and explanations of these concepts. It also includes sample programs and solutions related to stacks, subroutines, and other assembly language topics.Operand and Opcode | Computer Science
Operand and Opcode | Computer ScienceTransweb Global Inc
Ìý
The Opcode or the operation code is the part of the instruction that specifies the operation to be performed by the instruction. The CPU decodes (understands) the instruction with the help of the opcode. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Operand and Opcode:- http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/computer-science/computer-architecture/operand-and-opcode.aspxEmu8086
Emu8086rangarajb2005
Ìý
This document provides an overview and instructions for using Emu8086, an integrated development environment for assembly language. Emu8086 combines an editor, assembler, emulator, debugger and tutorials. It allows users to write, compile and step through 8086 assembly code on a virtual machine. The document outlines where to start using Emu8086 and provides links to its tutorials and reference materials, including information on the 8086 instruction set.Lecture5(1)
Lecture5(1)misgina Mengesha
Ìý
The document provides details about basic assembly language instructions for the 8086 microprocessor. It discusses data transfer instructions like MOV, PUSH, POP, IN and OUT. Arithmetic instructions such as ADD, SUB, INC, DEC, MUL, DIV are described. Bit manipulation and logic instructions including AND, OR, XOR, TEST, SHR and SHL are covered. String manipulation using MOVS, LODS, STOS and CMPS is explained. The lecture also outlines program flow instructions like CALL, RET, LOOP, JMP and conditional jumps. Examples are provided to illustrate the usage of each instruction type.L11 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 p
L11 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 prsamurti
Ìý
The document discusses assembler programming for the Atmega328P microcontroller. It describes how to store fixed data in flash memory using the DB and DW directives and how to determine word and byte addresses. It also explains the HIGH() and LOW() functions, which return the high and low bytes of a 16-bit value and are used to initialize the Z register before loading data from flash memory. Arithmetic and logical expressions that can be used in assembler programming are also presented.Assembler directives and basic steps ALP of 8086
Assembler directives and basic steps ALP of 8086Urvashi Singh
Ìý
The document discusses various assembler directives used in assembly language programming. It describes directives like DB, DW, DD, DQ, DT for data declaration; ASSUME to define logical segments; END, ENDP, ENDS to mark ends; EQU to define constants; PROC and ENDP to define procedures; ORG to set the location counter; SEGMENT to define logical segments; GROUP, INCLUDE, EVEN, and ALIGN for segment organization; EXTRN and PUBLIC for external references; and TYPE and PTR for defining variable types. The directives provide necessary information to the assembler to understand assembly language programs and generate machine code.Compiler optimization
Compiler optimizationliu_ming50
Ìý
This document discusses compiler optimization techniques. It describes Intel's guided optimization path which involves using general optimization options, identifying performance hotspots, and using inter-procedural optimization (IPO), profile-guided optimization (PGO), and parallel performance options. IPO allows optimizations across procedures, PGO improves performance based on profiling, and high-level optimizations exploit properties of high-level languages. The document provides examples of optimizations performed by each technique.Compiler optimization techniques
Compiler optimization techniquesHardik Devani
Ìý
The document discusses compiler optimization techniques. It begins with an introduction to compiler optimizations and describes 16 specific optimization techniques including copy propagation, constant folding, dead code removal, and loop unrolling. It explains each technique in detail with examples. The key takeaway is that the more information a programmer provides to the compiler, the better job the compiler can do optimizing the code.L10 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 p
L10 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 prsamurti
Ìý
This document discusses assembler programming for the Atmega328P microcontroller. It begins by explaining the language options for programming the microcontroller, including higher-level languages like C/C++ and assembly language. It describes why learning assembly language is important, particularly for understanding the microcontroller's architecture and writing optimized code. The facilities needed for assembly language programming are outlined, including a text editor, assembler, debugger/simulator, and programmer. An overview of the Atmega328P's instruction set is provided, including classifications and addressing modes. Examples of several common instructions like LDI, ADD, MOV, COM, and JMP are described. microprocessor
microprocessorATTO RATHORE
Ìý
The document discusses microprocessors, their architecture, instructions, operations, interfacing and the 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. It provides details on the functional blocks, registers, addressing modes, procedures, calling conventions, and stack usage of the 8086 microprocessor. It also describes various assembler directives, operators, and concepts like logical segments, procedures, and passing parameters in registers vs memory for procedures.MICROPROCESSOR_Notes.pptx
MICROPROCESSOR_Notes.pptxWorkingad
Ìý
The document compares different aspects of various microprocessors and computer components. It discusses the differences between 8085 and 8086 microprocessors, microcontrollers and microprocessors, memory mapped I/O vs I/O mapped I/O, RISC vs CISC processors, SIM and RIM instructions, software and hardware interrupts, 8253 and 8254 programmable interval timers, PROM vs EPROM, and the pin diagram of the 8085 microprocessor.Memory intrface and addrs modes
Memory intrface and addrs modesbalbirvirdi
Ìý
The document discusses various topics related to 8085 microprocessor architecture including instruction cycle, memory, addressing modes, and programming model. It provides examples of interfacing EPROM and RAM memory chips with an 8085 processor using address decoding techniques. It also describes the five addressing modes used by the 8085 - direct, register, register indirect, immediate, and implicit addressing modes.More Related Content
What's hot (18)
Intro to assembly language
Intro to assembly languageUnited International University
Ìý
1) The document discusses different levels of programming languages including machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages. Assembly language uses symbolic instructions that directly correspond to machine language instructions.
2) It describes the components of the Intel 8086 processor including its 16-bit registers like the accumulator, base, count, and data registers as well as its segment, pointer, index, and status flag registers.
3) Binary numbers can be represented in signed magnitude, one's complement, or two's complement form. Two's complement is commonly used in modern computers as it allows for efficient addition and subtraction of binary numbers.Computer Organization - Programming the basic computer : Machine Language, As...
Computer Organization - Programming the basic computer : Machine Language, As...Maitri Thakkar
Ìý
This is a presentation which explains exactly what machine language and assembly level language is and explains the role of assembler and two different passes of assembler in computer organization/ computer architecture.Microprocessor chapter 9 - assembly language programming
Microprocessor chapter 9 - assembly language programmingWondeson Emeye
Ìý
This document provides an overview of assembly language programming concepts for the 8086 processor. It discusses variables which are stored in registers, assignment using MOV instructions, input/output using INT 21h to call operating system functions and pass parameters in registers, and complete program examples that demonstrate displaying characters, reading input, and terminating programs. It also provides sample programs and exercises for students to practice core concepts like loops, conditional jumps, arithmetic operations on numbers in various formats.12109 microprocessor & programming
12109 microprocessor & programmingGaurang Thakar
Ìý
This document provides information about the fourth semester subject "Microprocessor and Programming" for the Computer Engineering group. It includes the teaching and examination scheme, rationale, objectives, learning structure, and contents of the course. The course aims to teach students about the architecture and instruction set of 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. It covers topics such as assembly language programming, procedures, macros, and interfacing with memory. The goal is to enable students to design 8086-based programs and systems. Assessment includes theory exams, practical exams, and sessional work based on bi-weekly tests.Mp &mc programs
Mp &mc programsHaritha Hary
Ìý
The document provides information about the MASM (Microsoft Macro Assembler) software. It discusses that MASM is an integrated development environment for assembly language programming that includes an editor, assembler, linker and debugger. It also provides examples of assembly language programs that perform operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division on 8-bit and 16-bit data. Furthermore, it includes programs to arrange numbers in ascending and descending order, reverse a string, and calculate the factorial of a given number. All programs are developed and tested using the MASM assembler.Programming basic computer
Programming basic computerMartial Kouadio
Ìý
The document discusses programming basics and assembly language. It defines a program as a set of instructions that directs a computer to perform tasks. Programs must be converted to binary before execution. Assembly language uses mnemonics like ADD, LDA, STA to represent machine-level instructions. It has directives like ORG, END and symbolic addresses to help the assembler convert programs to binary. Sample assembly language programs are provided to add and subtract numbers using loops and memory locations for operands and results.Lecture6
Lecture6misgina Mengesha
Ìý
This document discusses assembly language programming for the 8086 processor. It covers various assembler directives like ASSUME, DB, END, EQU, EXTRN and their uses. It also discusses processor directives such as EVEN, GLOBAL, INCLUDE, LENGTH, NAME, OFFSET and ORG. The document provides examples of programs that determine register contents and flags after execution. It also gives an example of a program that takes Celsius temperature as input, converts it to Fahrenheit and displays the result. Finally, it provides an exercise to write a program for a login system that reads a password from keyboard, compares it with a stored password and prints access results.Alp 05
Alp 05gswapnil86
Ìý
This document provides an introduction to 8086 assembly language programming. It discusses key concepts like variables, assignment, input/output, control flow, and subprograms. It then describes specific 8086 instructions like MOV for assignment, ADD, INC, DEC, and SUB for arithmetic operations, and INT for input/output. The document gives examples of writing simple programs that display or read characters using these instructions.Bca 2nd sem-u-3.1-basic computer programming and micro programmed control
Bca 2nd sem-u-3.1-basic computer programming and micro programmed controlRai University
Ìý
The document discusses basic computer programming and microprogrammed control. It introduces basic programming concepts and their relation to hardware instruction representation. It then provides details on:
1. The instruction set of a basic computer including operations like AND, ADD, LDA, STA, etc.
2. The hierarchy of programming languages from low-level machine language to high-level languages like C++.
3. Details on assembly language including symbolic addressing, memory reference vs non-memory reference instructions, and pseudo instructions.Assembly fundamentals
Assembly fundamentalsSyed Zaid Irshad
Ìý
An assembly (or assembler) language, often abbreviated asm, is a low-level programming language for a computer, or other programmable device, in which there is a very strong (generally one-to-one) correspondence between the language and the architecture's machine code instructions.Unit 4 assembly language programming
Unit 4 assembly language programmingKartik Sharma
Ìý
The document discusses assembly language programming concepts including the stack segment, stack, stack instructions, subroutines, macros, and recursive procedures. It provides examples and explanations of these concepts. It also includes sample programs and solutions related to stacks, subroutines, and other assembly language topics.Operand and Opcode | Computer Science
Operand and Opcode | Computer ScienceTransweb Global Inc
Ìý
The Opcode or the operation code is the part of the instruction that specifies the operation to be performed by the instruction. The CPU decodes (understands) the instruction with the help of the opcode. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Operand and Opcode:- http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/computer-science/computer-architecture/operand-and-opcode.aspxEmu8086
Emu8086rangarajb2005
Ìý
This document provides an overview and instructions for using Emu8086, an integrated development environment for assembly language. Emu8086 combines an editor, assembler, emulator, debugger and tutorials. It allows users to write, compile and step through 8086 assembly code on a virtual machine. The document outlines where to start using Emu8086 and provides links to its tutorials and reference materials, including information on the 8086 instruction set.Lecture5(1)
Lecture5(1)misgina Mengesha
Ìý
The document provides details about basic assembly language instructions for the 8086 microprocessor. It discusses data transfer instructions like MOV, PUSH, POP, IN and OUT. Arithmetic instructions such as ADD, SUB, INC, DEC, MUL, DIV are described. Bit manipulation and logic instructions including AND, OR, XOR, TEST, SHR and SHL are covered. String manipulation using MOVS, LODS, STOS and CMPS is explained. The lecture also outlines program flow instructions like CALL, RET, LOOP, JMP and conditional jumps. Examples are provided to illustrate the usage of each instruction type.L11 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 p
L11 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 prsamurti
Ìý
The document discusses assembler programming for the Atmega328P microcontroller. It describes how to store fixed data in flash memory using the DB and DW directives and how to determine word and byte addresses. It also explains the HIGH() and LOW() functions, which return the high and low bytes of a 16-bit value and are used to initialize the Z register before loading data from flash memory. Arithmetic and logical expressions that can be used in assembler programming are also presented.Assembler directives and basic steps ALP of 8086
Assembler directives and basic steps ALP of 8086Urvashi Singh
Ìý
The document discusses various assembler directives used in assembly language programming. It describes directives like DB, DW, DD, DQ, DT for data declaration; ASSUME to define logical segments; END, ENDP, ENDS to mark ends; EQU to define constants; PROC and ENDP to define procedures; ORG to set the location counter; SEGMENT to define logical segments; GROUP, INCLUDE, EVEN, and ALIGN for segment organization; EXTRN and PUBLIC for external references; and TYPE and PTR for defining variable types. The directives provide necessary information to the assembler to understand assembly language programs and generate machine code.Compiler optimization
Compiler optimizationliu_ming50
Ìý
This document discusses compiler optimization techniques. It describes Intel's guided optimization path which involves using general optimization options, identifying performance hotspots, and using inter-procedural optimization (IPO), profile-guided optimization (PGO), and parallel performance options. IPO allows optimizations across procedures, PGO improves performance based on profiling, and high-level optimizations exploit properties of high-level languages. The document provides examples of optimizations performed by each technique.Compiler optimization techniques
Compiler optimization techniquesHardik Devani
Ìý
The document discusses compiler optimization techniques. It begins with an introduction to compiler optimizations and describes 16 specific optimization techniques including copy propagation, constant folding, dead code removal, and loop unrolling. It explains each technique in detail with examples. The key takeaway is that the more information a programmer provides to the compiler, the better job the compiler can do optimizing the code.Similar to SIMULATING A SIMPLE MACHINE (smaco) (20)
L10 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 p
L10 assembly-language-programming-of-atmega328 prsamurti
Ìý
This document discusses assembler programming for the Atmega328P microcontroller. It begins by explaining the language options for programming the microcontroller, including higher-level languages like C/C++ and assembly language. It describes why learning assembly language is important, particularly for understanding the microcontroller's architecture and writing optimized code. The facilities needed for assembly language programming are outlined, including a text editor, assembler, debugger/simulator, and programmer. An overview of the Atmega328P's instruction set is provided, including classifications and addressing modes. Examples of several common instructions like LDI, ADD, MOV, COM, and JMP are described. microprocessor
microprocessorATTO RATHORE
Ìý
The document discusses microprocessors, their architecture, instructions, operations, interfacing and the 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. It provides details on the functional blocks, registers, addressing modes, procedures, calling conventions, and stack usage of the 8086 microprocessor. It also describes various assembler directives, operators, and concepts like logical segments, procedures, and passing parameters in registers vs memory for procedures.MICROPROCESSOR_Notes.pptx
MICROPROCESSOR_Notes.pptxWorkingad
Ìý
The document compares different aspects of various microprocessors and computer components. It discusses the differences between 8085 and 8086 microprocessors, microcontrollers and microprocessors, memory mapped I/O vs I/O mapped I/O, RISC vs CISC processors, SIM and RIM instructions, software and hardware interrupts, 8253 and 8254 programmable interval timers, PROM vs EPROM, and the pin diagram of the 8085 microprocessor.Memory intrface and addrs modes
Memory intrface and addrs modesbalbirvirdi
Ìý
The document discusses various topics related to 8085 microprocessor architecture including instruction cycle, memory, addressing modes, and programming model. It provides examples of interfacing EPROM and RAM memory chips with an 8085 processor using address decoding techniques. It also describes the five addressing modes used by the 8085 - direct, register, register indirect, immediate, and implicit addressing modes.
Micro overview
Micro overviewlamamokalled
Ìý
This document provides information about the 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. It begins with definitions of a microprocessor and details about the 8085 such as its power supply, clock frequency, and functions of the accumulator. It then discusses the 8085's registers, allowed register pairs, purpose of SID and SOD lines, and function of the IO/M signal. The document lists the categories of 8085 instructions and examples. It explains the differences between JMP and CALL instructions and shift and rotate instructions. Other topics covered include wait states, 8085 interrupts, its signal classification, operations performed on data, and the steps to fetch a byte. The document concludes with questions about the 8086's software aspects, multiprocessorEC8691-MPMC-PPT.pptx
EC8691-MPMC-PPT.pptxManikandan813397
Ìý
The document discusses assembly language programming and tools used in the assembly language development process. It provides information on assembly language instructions like LOOP, HLT, WAIT, ESC, and NOP. It also discusses assembler directives such as ASSUME, DB, DW, DD, DQ, DT, END, ENDP, ENDM, ENDS, EQU, EVEN, INCLUDE, MACRO and their usage. Additionally, it covers machine language, assembly language, high-level languages and advantages/disadvantages of each. Finally, it lists common assembly language development tools like editors, assemblers, linkers, locators, loaders and debuggers.
Assembly programming
Assembly programmingOmar Sanchez
Ìý
The document discusses assembly language programming. It begins by explaining that assembly language is a low-level programming language useful for embedded systems and device drivers due to its close correspondence to machine code and ability to optimize for speed and size. The document then provides details on memory organization, addressing modes, interrupts, and an example program to test the program status word register in assembly language.16bit RISC Processor
16bit RISC ProcessorShashi Suman
Ìý
Verilog Code for 16bit RISC Processor, with ALU, Program Counter, Instruction Memory, Data Memory and Control Unit full codes
Visit www.Hellocodings.com instruction codes
instruction codesSangeethaSasi1
Ìý
- Computer instruction codes are the basic components of machine language programs and are encoded in binary.
- Each instruction code contains an operation code that designates the operation (e.g. add, subtract) and may contain operands that indicate where data is located in registers or memory.
- The CPU uses the operation code and operands to perform a sequence of micro-operations and control hardware to carry out the instruction.Unit 3 sp assembler
Unit 3 sp assemblerDeepmala Sharma
Ìý
Assemblers Elements of Assembly Language Programming, Design of the Assembler, Assembler Design Criteria, Types of Assemblers, Two-Pass Assemblers, One-Pass Assemblers, Single pass Assembler for Intel x86 , Algorithm of Single Pass Assembler, Multi-Pass Assemblers, Advanced Assembly Process, Variants of Assemblers Design of two pass assembler SS-assemblers 1.pptx
SS-assemblers 1.pptxkalavathisugan
Ìý
Assemblers take assembly code written in symbolic mnemonics and convert it into machine-readable object code. They evaluate the operation field of each instruction to find the corresponding machine code value. Assemblers also generate location counter values and other information needed by the loader. Assembly programs contain labels, opcodes, operands, and comments. Assembler directives provide instructions to the assembler itself rather than generating machine codes. Common directives include START and END to specify the beginning and end of a program. VAX, Pentium Pro, and other architectures have different data formats, instruction formats, addressing modes, instruction sets, and I/O methods.MT2301_Unit II.pdf
MT2301_Unit II.pdfKannan Kanagaraj
Ìý
Fundamentals of Assembly Language Programming
Instruction to Assembler, Compiler and IDE
C Programming for 8051 Microcontroller
Basic Arithmetic and Logical Programming
Timer and Counter, Interrupts
Interfacing and Programming of Serial Communication, I2C, SPI and CAN of 8051 Microcontroller
מצגת פרויקט
מצגת פרויקטYehezkel Padael
Ìý
The document describes a project to design a microcontroller that supports the instruction set of the Motorola 68HC12 microcontroller using VHDL. Key aspects of the project include:
- Implementing the 68HC12 instruction set and addressing modes on an FPGA.
- Testing the design through simulation, synthesis, place and route, and finally programming the designed FPGA board.
- Verifying the results by comparing the functionality to the original 68HC12 microcontroller board.EEE226a.ppt
EEE226a.pptSaifulAhmad27
Ìý
This document outlines the course content for EEE226 Microprocessor course taught by Dr. Zaini Abdul Halim. The course aims to help students understand microprocessor architecture, assembly language programming, and interfacing microprocessors to external devices. It will be evaluated based on hands-on tests, theoretical tests, lab reports, and a final project. Topics covered include the 8085 microprocessor architecture, programming, and applications. The syllabus lists weekly labs and activities covering concepts like I/O devices, ADCs, DACs, and interrupts.T-states in microprocessor 8085
T-states in microprocessor 8085yedles
Ìý
The document provides information about microprocessors and the 8085 microprocessor. It defines key terms like microprocessor, ALU, registers, control unit, bus, machine cycle, T-state, instruction cycle, fetch cycle, execute cycle, flags, memory mapping, opcode fetch, interrupts, polling, and interrupt types. It describes the basic units and operations of a microprocessor, bus types, the instruction execution process, and interrupt handling. It also discusses I/O techniques, 8085 pins and signals, addressing modes, and differences between memory mapped and I/O mapped I/O.
More from sonalikharade3 (6)
EDITORS
EDITORSsonalikharade3
Ìý
EDITORS
Introduction
Classification of Editors
filtering, formatting, and traveling.
Editor Structure
Types of Editors
Notepad, Sublime etcIntroduction to system programming
Introduction to system programmingsonalikharade3
Ìý
Introduction
Difference between System software and Application software
Difference between System and Application programming
Elements of programming environment
Assembler
Loader and Linker
Macro preprocessor
Compiler
Editor
Debugger
Device Drivers
Operating System
Phishing Attack Awareness and Prevention
Phishing Attack Awareness and Preventionsonalikharade3
Ìý
What is phishing?
Types of Phishing attack
How to Recognize and Avoid Phishing Scams
Best Practices to Prevent Phishing
Vishing & SmishingArtificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligencesonalikharade3
Ìý
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science focused on developing intelligent machines that can think and work like humans. AI powers emerging technologies through applications such as speech recognition, problem solving, learning, planning, computer vision, image processing, robotics, neural networking and machine learning. Sophia, a social humanoid robot created by Hanson Robotics, was activated on February 14, 2016 demonstrating AI capabilities. AI is impacting every industry and person through driving innovations in big data, robotics, the internet of things, and continuing to be a technological innovator.COMPILER DESIGN OPTIONS
COMPILER DESIGN OPTIONSsonalikharade3
Ìý
The document discusses compiler design options and the differences between compilers and interpreters. It states that a compiler converts a high-level language program into machine code all at once, while an interpreter converts the program line-by-line at runtime. Compilers generally execute programs faster but take longer to compile, while interpreters execute more slowly but can compile incrementally and debug line-by-line. The document also covers pure and impure interpreters, p-code compilers, and the roles of compilers and interpreters.Linker and Loader 
Linker and Loader sonalikharade3
Ìý
Topics Covered:
Linker: Types of Linker:
Loaders : Types of loader
Example of Translator, Link and Load Time Address
Object Module
Difference between Static and Dynamic Binding
Translator, Link and Load Time Address
Program Relocatability
Recently uploaded (20)
Year 10 The Senior Phase Session 3 Term 1.pptx
Year 10 The Senior Phase Session 3 Term 1.pptxmansk2
Ìý
Year 10 The Senior Phase Session 3 Term 1.pptx
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...Association for Project Management
Ìý
APM People Interest Network Conference 2025
-Autonomy, Teams and Tension: Projects under stress
-Tim Lyons
-The neurological levels of
team-working: Harmony and tensions
With a background in projects spanning more than 40 years, Tim Lyons specialised in the delivery of large, complex, multi-disciplinary programmes for clients including Crossrail, Network Rail, ExxonMobil, Siemens and in patent development. His first career was in broadcasting, where he designed and built commercial radio station studios in Manchester, Cardiff and Bristol, also working as a presenter and programme producer. Tim now writes and presents extensively on matters relating to the human and neurological aspects of projects, including communication, ethics and coaching. He holds a Master’s degree in NLP, is an NLP Master Practitioner and International Coach. He is the Deputy Lead for APM’s People Interest Network.
Session | The Neurological Levels of Team-working: Harmony and Tensions
Understanding how teams really work at conscious and unconscious levels is critical to a harmonious workplace. This session uncovers what those levels are, how to use them to detect and avoid tensions and how to smooth the management of change by checking you have considered all of them.The Battle of Belgrade Road: A WW1 Street Renaming Saga by Amir Dotan
The Battle of Belgrade Road: A WW1 Street Renaming Saga by Amir DotanHistory of Stoke Newington
Ìý
Presented at the 24th Stoke Newington History Talks event on 27th Feb 2025
https://stokenewingtonhistory.com/stoke-newington-history-talks/How to Setup WhatsApp in Odoo 17 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣs
How to Setup WhatsApp in Odoo 17 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
Ìý
Integrate WhatsApp into Odoo using the WhatsApp Business API or third-party modules to enhance communication. This integration enables automated messaging and customer interaction management within Odoo 17.Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil SirGUJARATCOMMERCECOLLE
Ìý
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil SirRass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Ìý
Prelims of Rass MELAI : a Music, Entertainment, Literature, Arts and Internet Culture Quiz organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025. How to use Init Hooks in Odoo 18 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣs
How to use Init Hooks in Odoo 18 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
Ìý
In this slide, we’ll discuss on how to use Init Hooks in Odoo 18. In Odoo, Init Hooks are essential functions specified as strings in the __init__ file of a module.The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .saanidhyapatel09
Ìý
This PowerPoint presentation provides an insightful overview of the Constitution, covering its key principles, features, and significance. It explains the fundamental rights, duties, structure of government, and the importance of constitutional law in governance. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the foundation of a nation’s legal framework.
How to Manage Putaway Rule in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Manage Putaway Rule in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
Ìý
Inventory management is a critical aspect of any business involved in manufacturing or selling products.
Odoo 17 offers a robust inventory management system that can handle complex operations and optimize warehouse efficiency. N.C. DPI's 2023 Language Diversity Briefing
N.C. DPI's 2023 Language Diversity BriefingMebane Rash
Ìý
The number of languages spoken in NC public schools.Computer Network Unit IV - Lecture Notes - Network Layer
Computer Network Unit IV - Lecture Notes - Network LayerMurugan146644
Ìý
Title:
Lecture Notes - Unit IV - The Network Layer
Description:
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on Computer Network concepts, tailored for final year B.Sc. Computer Science students affiliated with Alagappa University. This document covers fundamental principles and advanced topics in Computer Network. PDF content is prepared from the text book Computer Network by Andrew S. Tenanbaum
Key Topics Covered:
Main Topic : The Network Layer
Sub-Topic : Network Layer Design Issues (Store and forward packet switching , service provided to the transport layer, implementation of connection less service, implementation of connection oriented service, Comparision of virtual circuit and datagram subnet), Routing algorithms (Shortest path routing, Flooding , Distance Vector routing algorithm, Link state routing algorithm , hierarchical routing algorithm, broadcast routing, multicast routing algorithm)
Other Link :
1.Introduction to computer network - /slideshow/lecture-notes-introduction-to-computer-network/274183454
2. Physical Layer - /slideshow/lecture-notes-unit-ii-the-physical-layer/274747125
3. Data Link Layer Part 1 : /slideshow/lecture-notes-unit-iii-the-datalink-layer/275288798
Target Audience:
Final year B.Sc. Computer Science students at Alagappa University seeking a solid foundation in Computer Network principles for academic.
About the Author:
Dr. S. Murugan is Associate Professor at Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi. With 23 years of teaching experience in the field of Computer Science, Dr. S. Murugan has a passion for simplifying complex concepts in Computer Network
Disclaimer:
This document is intended for educational purposes only. The content presented here reflects the author’s understanding in the field of Computer NetworkKaun TALHA quiz Finals -- El Dorado 2025
Kaun TALHA quiz Finals -- El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Ìý
Finals of Kaun TALHA : a Travel, Architecture, Lifestyle, Heritage and Activism quiz, organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025. How to Configure Restaurants in Odoo 17 Point of Sale
How to Configure Restaurants in Odoo 17 Point of SaleCeline George
Ìý
Odoo, a versatile and integrated business management software, excels with its robust Point of Sale (POS) module. This guide delves into the intricacies of configuring restaurants in Odoo 17 POS, unlocking numerous possibilities for streamlined operations and enhanced customer experiences.
Reordering Rules in Odoo 17 Inventory - Odoo ºÝºÝߣs
Reordering Rules in Odoo 17 Inventory - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
Ìý
In Odoo 17, the Inventory module allows us to set up reordering rules to ensure that our stock levels are maintained, preventing stockouts. Let's explore how this feature works.How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 EmployeeCeline George
Ìý
In this slide, we’ll discuss on how to configure flexible working schedule in Odoo 18 Employee module. In Odoo 18, the Employee module offers powerful tools to configure and manage flexible working schedules tailored to your organization's needs.Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...sandynavergas1
Ìý
Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and Technical TermsFESTIVAL: SINULOG & THINGYAN-LESSON 4.pptx
FESTIVAL: SINULOG & THINGYAN-LESSON 4.pptxDanmarieMuli1
Ìý
Sinulog Festival of Cebu City, and Thingyan Festival of Myanmar.Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slidesCeline George
Ìý
In this slide, we’ll discuss the database population in Odoo 18. In Odoo, performance analysis of the source code is more important. Database population is one of the methods used to analyze the performance of our code. APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...Association for Project Management
Ìý
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Ìý
Kaun TALHA quiz Finals -- El Dorado 2025
Kaun TALHA quiz Finals -- El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Ìý
SIMULATING A SIMPLE MACHINE (smaco)
- 1. TOPIC SIMULATING A SIMPLE MACHINE (SMACO) Presented by:- Ms. Sonali Kharade Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department
- 2. THANK YOU MUST WATCH NEXT VIDEO FOR HOW TO FIND PROGRAM OPCODE
- 3. Introduction  SMACO is not a real machine but used to illustrate features of machine language and techniques used in assembler. It is a hypothetical decimal machine.  The program of SMACO contains the statements or instructions having decimal number. Features  Memory address is range from 000 to 999.  It has 4 internal register called general purpose register AREG,BREG,CREG & DREG.  Hypothetical machine used 6 condition code LT, LE, EQ,GT,GE & ANY respectively.
- 4. Instruction Format Opcode Register Operands The machine instruction contains the opcode of 2 digits, the register operand of 1 digit, and the memory operand of 3 digits.
- 5. Instruction Set Instruction Opcode Assembly Mnemonics Description 00 STOP Terminates the execution 01 ADD Add contents of register to address 02 SUB Subtract contents of address from register 03 MULT Multiply both operand 04 MOVER Assign the content of memory to register 05 MOVEM Assign the content of register to memory 06 COMP Compares contents of register with memory location and sets condition code. 07 BC Branch on condition 08 DIV Divide first operand with second 09 READ Read the number from the standard input & store address 10 PRINT Output the number stored at address on the standard output device
- 6. Condition Code Mnemonics Code LT 1 LE 2 EQ 3 GT 4 GE 5 ANY 6 Registers Register Code AREG 1 BREG 2 CREG 3 DREG 4