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ºÝºÝߣ-TSP403-TSP-403-003-Perencanaan-dan-Pengendalian-Proyek-Konstruksi.pdf

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Esteban López
Esteban López

This document provides an overview of basic network diagrams for project scheduling. It defines key terms like activity, event, precedence relationships, and dummy activities. It explains the two main formats for network diagrams: activity-on-arrow (AOA) and activity-on-node (AON). AOA uses arrows to represent activities and nodes for events, while AON places activities on nodes and uses arrows to show dependencies. The document includes examples of sample networks drawn in both AOA and AON format and provides a step-by-step example of how to build a network diagram for a construction project.

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BASIC NETWORK FERDINAND FASSA LECTURE 3
• REVIEW LECTURE 2 • INTRODUCTION • FUNCTION NETWORK DIAGRAM • ACTIVITY ON ARROW (AOA) & ACTIVITY ON NODES (AOD) OUTLINE LECTURE 3
REVIEW LECTURE 2 A BAR CHART..??? ‘‘A GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES, SHOWN IN A TIME-SCALED BAR LINE WITH NO LINKS SHOWN BETWEEN ACTIVITIES’’ WHY BAR CHART 1. SIMPLE AND EASY TO UNDERSTAND 2. USED FOR GLOBAL CONTROL AT THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND EXECUTIVE LEVEL 3. VERY USEFUL FOR MILESTONE AND SUMMARY SCHEDULES
REVIEW PROJECT X SCHEDULE...???? BAR CHART...???
Network Diagrams • Developed in the 1950’s • A graphical representation of the tasks necessary to complete a project • Visualizes the flow of tasks & relationships INTRODUCTION
6 • Network diagrams show the precedence relationships among activities • Network diagrams help to understand the flow of work in a project • Network diagrams are a useful tool for project planning and control, as well as for scheduling FUNCTION NETWORK DIAGRAM
• Two classic formats –AOA: Activity on Arrow –AON: Activity on Node ACTIVITY ON ARROW & ACTIVITY ON NODES
• AOA consists of • Circles representing Events –Such as ‘start’ or ‘end’ of a given task • Lines representing Tasks –Thing being done • Arrows represent activities and nodes are events for points in time • Sometimes requires dummy activities Continue AOA & AON
• AON • Tasks on Nodes – Nodes can be circles or rectangles – Task information written on node • Arrows are dependencies between tasks • Nodes represent activities, and arrows show precedence relationships • No dummy activities Continue AOA & AON
ºÝºÝߣ-TSP403-TSP-403-003-Perencanaan-dan-Pengendalian-Proyek-Konstruksi.pdf
11 • Activity – A task or a certain amount of work required in the project – Requires time to complete – Represented by an arrow • Dummy Activity – Indicates only precedence relationships – Does not require any time of effort – an artificial activity with zero time duration that only shows a precedence relationship among activities Continue AOA & AON
Arrow & Node Formats Continue AOA & AON
13 Situations in network diagram A B C A must finish before either B or C can start A B C Both A and B must finish before C can start D C B A Both A and C must finish before either of B or D can start A C B D Dummy A must finish before B can start both A and C must finish before D can start
14 Concurrent Activities 2 3 Lay foundation Order material (a) Incorrect precedence relationship (b) Correct precedence relationship 3 4 2 Dummy Lay foundation Order material 1 2 0
Table 1 A Sample Set of Project Activities and Precedences Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Figure 1 Stage 1 of a Sample AON Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e Nodes represent activities, and arrows show precedence relationships Arrows are dependencies between tasks
Figure 2 Stage 2 of a Sample AON Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Figure 3 A Completed Sample AON Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Figure 4 Stage 1 of a Sample AOA Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Figure 5 Stage 2 of a Sample AOA Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Figure 6a A Completed Sample AOA Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Figure 6b A Completed Sample AOA Network Showing the Use of a Dummy Task Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
Table 2 A Sample Problem for Finding the Critical Path and Critical Time Activity Predecessor Duration a -- 5 days b -- 4 c a 3 d a 4 e a 6 f b, c 4 g d 5 h d, e 6 i f 6 j g, h 4
Figure 7 Stage 1 of a Sample Network
Figure 8 A Complete Network
AOA Project Network for House 3 2 0 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 4 6 7 3 5 Lay foundation Design house and obtain financing Order and receive materials Dummy Finish work Select carpet Select paint Build house AON Project Network for House 1 3 2 2 4 3 3 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 Start Design house and obtain financing Order and receive materials Select paint Select carpet Lay foundations Build house Finish work
• the example ‘‘Install caissons.’’ 1. Accept winning bid and award contract. 2. Schedule municipal inspection. 3. Order and deliver reinforcing steel cages. 4. Lay out the exact location of the hole. 5. Excavate caisson. 6. Install rebar cages. 7. Connect cages to foundation continuous rebar. 8. Place concrete. 9. Strip forms. 10. Clean up site. EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
Task Project X

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ºÝºÝߣ-TSP403-TSP-403-003-Perencanaan-dan-Pengendalian-Proyek-Konstruksi.pdf

  • 2. • REVIEW LECTURE 2 • INTRODUCTION • FUNCTION NETWORK DIAGRAM • ACTIVITY ON ARROW (AOA) & ACTIVITY ON NODES (AOD) OUTLINE LECTURE 3
  • 3. REVIEW LECTURE 2 A BAR CHART..??? ‘‘A GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES, SHOWN IN A TIME-SCALED BAR LINE WITH NO LINKS SHOWN BETWEEN ACTIVITIES’’ WHY BAR CHART 1. SIMPLE AND EASY TO UNDERSTAND 2. USED FOR GLOBAL CONTROL AT THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND EXECUTIVE LEVEL 3. VERY USEFUL FOR MILESTONE AND SUMMARY SCHEDULES
  • 5. Network Diagrams • Developed in the 1950’s • A graphical representation of the tasks necessary to complete a project • Visualizes the flow of tasks & relationships INTRODUCTION
  • 6. 6 • Network diagrams show the precedence relationships among activities • Network diagrams help to understand the flow of work in a project • Network diagrams are a useful tool for project planning and control, as well as for scheduling FUNCTION NETWORK DIAGRAM
  • 7. • Two classic formats –AOA: Activity on Arrow –AON: Activity on Node ACTIVITY ON ARROW & ACTIVITY ON NODES
  • 8. • AOA consists of • Circles representing Events –Such as ‘start’ or ‘end’ of a given task • Lines representing Tasks –Thing being done • Arrows represent activities and nodes are events for points in time • Sometimes requires dummy activities Continue AOA & AON
  • 9. • AON • Tasks on Nodes – Nodes can be circles or rectangles – Task information written on node • Arrows are dependencies between tasks • Nodes represent activities, and arrows show precedence relationships • No dummy activities Continue AOA & AON
  • 11. 11 • Activity – A task or a certain amount of work required in the project – Requires time to complete – Represented by an arrow • Dummy Activity – Indicates only precedence relationships – Does not require any time of effort – an artificial activity with zero time duration that only shows a precedence relationship among activities Continue AOA & AON
  • 12. Arrow & Node Formats Continue AOA & AON
  • 13. 13 Situations in network diagram A B C A must finish before either B or C can start A B C Both A and B must finish before C can start D C B A Both A and C must finish before either of B or D can start A C B D Dummy A must finish before B can start both A and C must finish before D can start
  • 14. 14 Concurrent Activities 2 3 Lay foundation Order material (a) Incorrect precedence relationship (b) Correct precedence relationship 3 4 2 Dummy Lay foundation Order material 1 2 0
  • 15. Table 1 A Sample Set of Project Activities and Precedences Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 16. Figure 1 Stage 1 of a Sample AON Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e Nodes represent activities, and arrows show precedence relationships Arrows are dependencies between tasks
  • 17. Figure 2 Stage 2 of a Sample AON Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 18. Figure 3 A Completed Sample AON Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 19. Figure 4 Stage 1 of a Sample AOA Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 20. Figure 5 Stage 2 of a Sample AOA Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 21. Figure 6a A Completed Sample AOA Network Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 22. Figure 6b A Completed Sample AOA Network Showing the Use of a Dummy Task Task Predecessor a -- b -- c a d b e b f c, d g e
  • 23. Table 2 A Sample Problem for Finding the Critical Path and Critical Time Activity Predecessor Duration a -- 5 days b -- 4 c a 3 d a 4 e a 6 f b, c 4 g d 5 h d, e 6 i f 6 j g, h 4
  • 24. Figure 7 Stage 1 of a Sample Network
  • 25. Figure 8 A Complete Network
  • 26. AOA Project Network for House 3 2 0 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 4 6 7 3 5 Lay foundation Design house and obtain financing Order and receive materials Dummy Finish work Select carpet Select paint Build house AON Project Network for House 1 3 2 2 4 3 3 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 Start Design house and obtain financing Order and receive materials Select paint Select carpet Lay foundations Build house Finish work
  • 27. • the example ‘‘Install caissons.’’ 1. Accept winning bid and award contract. 2. Schedule municipal inspection. 3. Order and deliver reinforcing steel cages. 4. Lay out the exact location of the hole. 5. Excavate caisson. 6. Install rebar cages. 7. Connect cages to foundation continuous rebar. 8. Place concrete. 9. Strip forms. 10. Clean up site. EXAMPLE