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Smart devices for workplaces and home : an overview

Introduction
Hardware speci?cations (processor, RAM, storage).
Operating System (Windows, macOS, ChromeOS, Linux).
Cloud based services.
E-Book readers.
IoT devices.

Bene?ts
Enhanced user experience
Improved resource management
Increased accessibility
Enhanced research capabilities
Improved collaboration
Increased e?ciency

Purposes
Netbook
Laptop
Chromebook
Desktop
Workstation
Server
Single board computers

Intel processor variants
Information courtesy: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/processors/processor-numbers.html

Intel processor variants...
Information courtesy: https://tinyurl.com/intel-processors

Intel processor generations...
Code Name Generation Year
Raptor Lake 14 2024
Raptor Lake 13 2023
Alder Lake 12 2022
Rocket Lake 11 2021
Comet Lake 10 2020
Coffee Lake 9 2019
Coffee Lake 8 2018

Intel processor names and numbers
Information courtesy: Co?ee Lake Archives

Intel & AMD processor name convention
Information courtesy: https://hwrig.com/processor-name-convention-for-dummies/

Di?erence between M.2 and SATA

Processor for generic use
Image courtesy: Flipkart.com

Processor...
Image courtesy: Flipkart.com

Model Desktop PC speci?cation
Processor: 13th Gen Intel Core i3-13100
(12 MB cache, 4 cores, 8 threads, 3.40
GHz to 4.50 GHz Turbo)
Video Card: Intel UHD Graphics 730
Monitor: 22 Inch Monitor
Memory: 8 GB DDR4
Storage: 512 GB, M.2, PCIe NVMe, SSD
Keyboard: Multimedia Keyboard- US
International (QWERTY) - Black
Optical Drive: No Optical Drive
Operating System: Windows 11 Home Single
Language, English, Microsoft O?ce Home
2021
Security Software: McAfee Multi Device
Security 15-month subscription
Support Services: 1Y Basic Onsite Service
after remote diagnosis with Hardware-Only
Support
Slots: 1 SATA 2.0 port, 1 SATA 3.0 port, 1 PCIe
x16 slot, 1 PCIe x1 slot, 1 M.2 2230 slot for WiFi
and Bluetooth combo card, 1 M.2 2230/2280
slot for PCIe solid-state drive

Laptop computer selection
Information courtesy: https://www.amazon.in/b?ie=UTF8&node=16092374031

Laptop computer selection: Processor
Better the Processor, the more you can get done on your laptop.
Processor Types:
Laptop processors are made primarily by two companies �� Intel and AMD.
Intel has its Pentium, Celeron and Core i3, i5, i7 & i9 series (in increasing order of
processing power).
AMD has A, FX and Ryzen series of processors (in increasing order of processing
power).

Laptop computer selection: Processor

Laptop computer selection: RAM
More RAM = Better Multi-tasking
RAM stands for Random Access Memory and is what stores all the open apps, ?les
and games you may be playing
More RAM allows more of them to be running simultaneously.
Typically laptops come with 4, 8 or 16GB of RAM.
RAM Type
DDR4: Faster, e?cient power consumption
DDR3: Older, slower & consumes more power

Laptop computer selection: Storage
Hard Disk Drive (HDD): Mechanical hard drive, slow, budget friendly, lot of
storage.
Solid State Drive (SSD): Faster, expensive than HDD, start OS within 5
seconds.
Solid State-Hybrid Drive (SSHD): Combination of SSD and HDD, e.g.
128GB SSD+1TB HDD, Operating system on SSD, storage in HDD, OS and
programs start faster.

Laptop computer selection: Battery
Usually measured in Watt-Hour (WHr). More WHr = More battery
life.
Bigger batteries usually mean heavier laptops.
Things like screen brightness, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity, type
of processor and even the load on your CPU will impact battery life.
Gaming, video playback, heavy editing etc can all speed up battery
drain noticeably.

Laptop computer selection: Graphics card
A graphics card is a dedicated chip inside your laptop, responsible
for the quality of visuals you see on your screen.
Just like RAM, the more the GBs in your graphics card, the smoother
your games will run, even in Full HD or 4K resolution.
Photo and video editing software like Photoshop, design software
like AutoCAD, and of course, most modern games require a
dedicated graphics card to function smoothly.

Laptop computer selection: Screen size

Laptop computer selection: Screen size
Screen size measured diagonally. 15.6��, 14�� common screen sizes.
Smaller screen size is lighter and easy to carry.
Bigger screen size is ideal for entertainment purposes; movies,
games etc.
If you need to carry your laptop around a lot, consider a display 11-14
inches.

Laptop computer selection: Resolution
HD or HD Ready: 1366x768 pixel, available in budget laptops.
Full HD: 1920x1080 pixel, sharp visual experience, suitable for
movies and games.
Ultra HD and 4K: 3840x2160 pixel, 4 times the resolution of full HD,
ideal for videos editing, watching 4k movies and games.
Full HD is currently the recommended resolution.

Laptop computer selection: other factors
Refresh Rate: Number of times and image is changed per second.
Measured in Hertz or Frames Per Second (FPS). Standard rate 60
Hz.
Bezels: Plastic border around the screen. It protects the screen.
Bezel-less give bigger displays.
NITS: A unit of measurement used to
quantify the brightness of electronic displays.
Matte vs Glossy display: Matte display has no re?ections.

Laptop computer selection: other factors

Laptop computer selection: Operating system
Windows: Certain laptops comes with Window and MS O?ce. For
professional use Windows Pro edition.
Chrome: Suitable to run cloud based apps.
Linux: Often Ubuntu Linux preloaded.
DOS: Basic OS. Its suitable, if you plan Windows or Linux later.

Laptop computer selection: Ports and connectivity

Laptop computer selection: design
Basic laptop: Traditional clam type design, less expensive.
Thin and light: Weight below 1.8kg, display size 14 inches or lower.
2 in 1 laptop: Can function as both a laptop and tablet. Detachable
and convertible
Gaming laptop: Powerful hardware and
dedicated graphics card.

Laptop computer selection: keyboard
Chiclet style keyboards generally have ?at and shallow keys allow
for easy typing.
The keyboard's spacing and depth should allow for comfortable
typing.
Many laptops come with a backlit keyboard, look out for this feature
in case you wish to use your laptop in the dark.

Chromebook
A Chromebook is a low-cost alternative to traditional laptops from
Google.
Chromebooks do not run Windows.
It use Chrome OS, which is similar to the Google Chrome web browser.
Suitable to use cloud based applications; read websites, check your
email, watch online videos, and so on.

Webcam
Windows and Linux support
Resolution
Microphone
Field of view

Dell Laptop series
Dell Inspiron: Students and casual users. Everyday tasks and light to
moderate workloads. Budget friendly laptop.
Dell Vostro: Ideal for small to medium-sized businesses.
Dell Latitude: Long battery life, neutral design, and
industry-standard features.
Dell XPS: Short for ��eXtreme Performance System��. High end
performance laptops for corporate sector.

Lenovo Laptop series
IdeaPad: Lenovo��s budget and midrange consumer line.
ThinkBook: For small organizations and freelancers.
ThinkPad: Lenovo ThinkPad laptops are specially designed for
business use.
Yoga: Modern functions with user-friendliness and a thin and light
design.

Desktop vs workstation PC
Workstation PC more powerful than desktop PC.
Workstations generally use higher end hardware like
motherboards and GPUs.
Many components in a workstation keep higher standard
than what��s found in a typical desktop PC.
Branded workstation PCs; Dell Precision, Lenovo
Thinkstation, and HP Z.

Really need server class computer?
Libraries with good IT infrastructure can choose a
server-class computer.
Server computer built for 24x7 hours continuous working.
Server computers are not suitable for switch on in the
morning, and o? in the evening.
Libraries with small size collection can choose entry-level
server computer, e.g. HP Proliant ML series tower server.

Cloud computing
Free from hardware maintenance. .
More cloud service providers
Amazon, Google, and Microsoft.
Pay only for what you use.
Easy to create a machine type
customized for the needs.
Cartoon courtesy: CloudTweaks.com

Single board computers
https://www.raspberrypi.org

Ubuntu Linux
Minimum computer hardware requirements: 2 GHz dual-core
processor, 4 GB RAM, 25 GB storage space.

E-Book Readers
Kindle allows only Kindle ebooks.
Kobo allows EPUB, HTML, MOBI, PDF,
RTF and TXT

Energy saving
E?cient appliances make a big di?erence.
Conservation of electricity comes after you
have bought an appliance.
Planning is necessary to buy a new
appliance.
Buying an energy e?cient appliance is
itself a very e?ective way to reduce energy
consumption.
Information courtesy:
https://www.bijlibachao.com

BEE star rating
BEE rating is an energy e?ciency standard for appliances sold
in India.
Run by the Indian government's Bureau of Energy E?ciency
under Ministry of Power that promotes energy e?ciency.
Indian Seasonal Energy E?ciency Ratio (ISEER).
The higher the star rating, the less electricity an appliance
consumes.
The standard of e?ciency varies by product category.

BEE star rating for Split AC 2023

How are BEE star ratings calculated?
A new product tested in a lab accredited by NABL (National
Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories)
and send the results to BEE.
BEE doesn't test each appliance before issuing a rating.
If consumers have complaint regarding the performance is not
as per the speci?cations in the label, then the consumers can
complaint to BEE.

Why look for BEE star labels when
buying appliances?
A higher star rating means more e?cient appliance, lower
electricity bill every month.
Buy an appliance that was rated recently.
Not every category of appliances gets a BEE star label.
Look at the technology used (e.g. Inverter technology)
Information courtesy: gadgets360.com

Brushless DC Motors (BLDC)
BLDC functions on direct-current (DC) electricity.
A BLDC motor converts alternate current into DC.
Contain permanent magnets rather than electromagnets used
in induction motors.
The permanent magnet contains less heat loss and energy.
High durability and low electric noise generation.

BLDC Fan
Energy e?ciency: BLDC fans are up to 70% more energy-e?cient than
traditional AC fans.
Durability: BLDC fans have a longer lifespan than traditional AC fans.
Noise: BLDC fans are much quieter than traditional AC fans.
Cost savings: Over time, the energy savings from using a BLDC fan will
o?set the higher upfront cost.
Performance: Variable speed control that allows them to be adjusted to
the desired air?ow level.

Inverter technology
It uses microprocessors to control the speed of its compressor
motor to match the required output.
Once the room is cool or warm, an inverter air conditioner
lowers the speed of the motor to save energy and maintain
the desired temperature.
It required less electricity and saves energy..
Devices using inverter technology usually have a longer useful
life. Savings on maintenance.

Things to take care of while buying
appliances online
Make sure that you are getting a warranty on the product.
Check the customer reviews (user reviews) of the product.
Check the seller ratings.
Mind the accessories!
Information courtesy: gadgets360.com

The Internet of Things (IoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical
objects��"things".
Devices embedded with sensors, software, and other
technologies.
Devices capable to connecting and exchanging data with other
devices and systems over the internet.
Devices range from ordinary household objects to
sophisticated industrial tools.

Examples of IoT devices
Smart thermostats that learn your heating and cooling
preferences and adjust the temperature accordingly.
Smart home security systems that can detect intruders and
send alerts to your smartphone.
Wearable devices that track your ?tness and health data.
Industrial sensors that monitor machine performance and
predict maintenance needs.
Smart city sensors that collect data on tra?c, air quality, and
other factors to improve urban planning and services.

How to control IoT devices
Dedicated apps.
Universal apps (e.g. Smart Life, Google Home, Alexa).
Virtual Assistants (e.g. Google Assistant, Amazon Alexa, Siri, Cortana).
Voice Assistants devices (Amazon Echo, )

What do need to use a smart device?
Good Internet connection, WiFi.
Choosing and setting up devices

Lighting
1. Smart bulbs
2. Smart switches
3. Smart plugs

Advantages of
smart lighting
1. Remote control
2. Scheduling
3. Grouping
4. Integration with other smart
home devices

Security camera selection criteria
1. Type: bullet, dome, turret, PTZ,
and discreet cameras.
2. Resolution
3. Field of view: How much area
it can cover.
4. Night vision
5. Weather resistance: Dust-proof
and water-resistant.

Security camera
1. Indoor vs. outdoor cameras
2. Wired and Wireless camera
3. IP camera - Analog camera
4. PTZ vs. ?xed cameras
5. Motion detector cameras
6. AI camera, Talk-back, Night vision

Display selection
Display type
Resolution
Refresh rate
Contrast
HDR

Resolution
Higher resolution = sharper image and more clarity.
Resolution is the number of pixels on the display (width x height).

Contrast ratio
Higher contrast ratio = More visible details in scene

HDR (High Dynamic Range)
HDR Produces the most vivid, true to life images with rich colors.

Conclusion
Need good home work for the purchase of devices.
List out your requirements.
Buy the devices based on your requirements.
Keep in touch with technology changes.

Thank you��.
Feel free to ask questions.
/vimal0212
/vimal.kumar.vazhappally
http://vimalkumar.info
vimalibre@gmail.com

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Smart devices for workplaces and home : an overview

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