Social Realism
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Social realism emerged as an art movement in the Philippines in the 1970s during the Marcos dictatorship as artists sought to promote social change through their depictions of everyday life and political issues. Kaisahan, a collective of 13 young artists, coined the term "social realism" and used various media like paintings, prints, comics and murals to portray the struggles of the working class and expose human rights abuses. Their goal was to raise social consciousness and inspire the masses to work for justice, freedom and peace. The social realists addressed themes of oppression, militarization, labor issues and more, drawing from folk traditions as well as Marxist and nationalist ideologies.
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Social Realism
- 1. +
- 2. + True art is a product of its society. It reflects the human condition of its time and aids in the awakening of social consciousness. - Rachel Mayo The Essence of things (2012)
- 3. Realism begets Social Realism REALISM SOCIAL REALISM How the upper-class and Social realists chose: aristocracy perceived the world Everyday happenings Very intellectual Current events (Scientific, empirical, and Social relaionships democratic) Interaction and disparity of Western oriented social classes + AIMED to effect social change through Sociopolitical pieces Works that portrayed the truths of society Lumbay, by Pablo Baen Santos
- 4. + Background Social Realism in the 70s and 80s
- 5. + Struggle for Radical Change Rizal and the Illustrados Nationalist struggle began in the 19th CE Source of inspiration The artist as the nationalist Martial law from 1972-1986 Brought about different kinds of art like: Peoples Art/Art for the Masses Protest Art/ Commited Art
- 6. + Kaisahan A Group of Young Artists
- 7. Kaisahan рKaisahan Social Realist Group Formed in 1976 Thisgroup coined Social Realism for their movement 13 Members: Papo de Asis Orlando Castillo Jose Cuaresma Antipas Delovato + Edgar TalusanFernandez Neil Doloricon Charles Funk RenatoHabulan Albert Himenez Al Manrique Jose Tence Ruiz Pablo Baen Santos Vin Toledo Eventuallybecame more political and held workshops, lectures, and group discussions on political art
- 8. KaisahanPriciple s NATIONALIST ART National art was a quest for identity, where the artist was the nationalist An opposition to Western- oriented culture Art for? For the people, the massa + Collective experience that a great number could relate to Alternative or Oppositional Art Artas a revitalizing force to restore meaning to the peoples lives Going against elitist and commercialized art Alternative art
- 9. KaisahanPriciple s Reflection Theory Shows the true conditions and problems in our society ≒whatis to be- utopian aspect of social realism Form and Content Strong in content Yet not compromising + medium and method Artistic Style No limitation to a certain style Experimentation and vision, but not forgoing communication
- 10. KaisahanPriciple s Exposure and Dissemination Alternative space to reach a wider audience Traveling exhibits or art caravans, workshops for members, nonmembers and young artists Development of popular + media such as murals, posters, cartoons, and comics Art and Life Arthas a nonverbal impact on social change
- 11. + First Generation of Social Realists
- 12. Pablo Baen Santos Born in1943 Fine Arts Graduate from the University of the Philippines Recipient of the 13 Artists award given by the Cultural Center of The Philippines in 1990 Considered as one of the provocateurs of social realism + Krista (Female Christ)
- 13. + AngBagongKristo BabaingWalangKibo
- 14. + Pagnanaisni Ina
- 15. Edgar Fernandez Born in 1954 Finished Bachelor of Fine Arts at the Philippine Womens University Husband to Nena Fernandez, mother of his two children Malaya and Diwa ≒Nuonangbatayanngpaglilikha ay makabayan, makatotohanan and + makabuluhan. Clockwise: MapayapangPamamalakaya (Peaceful Fishing) Unfinished work MartsangBayanparasaKalayaan, katarungan, a t Kapayapaan
- 16. + Noon, Ngayon, at Pangarap
- 17. Antipas Delovato Born in Iloilo city Studied at the University of San Agustin, Iloilo City and majored in Fine Arts at the Philippine Womens University College of Fine Arts and Music in Manila Recognized with the conferment of the Cultural Center of the Philippines 13 Artists Award + Selected to paint the official portrait of then Philippine President Corazon Aquino. ItaksaPusoniMang Juan
- 18. Liwanag at Dilim + Pag-ahon
- 19. Timura + Haguipit
- 20. Orlando Castillo Began as an abstract painter. He painted peasant portraits and peasants in struggle based on a sojourn in the countryside Was imprisoned for his public art. Wasa founding member of the Concerned Artists of the Philippines Was a Benavides awardee of the + UST twice Clockwise: 15 foot tall mural for Labor day in Mindiola Justice Under Martial Law Different Forms of Torture: Tribute to The Polotical Prisoner
- 21. Al Manrique Born: 1949; Died: 2006 Graduated with a degree in architecture from the University of Santo Tomas in 1970 His works are metaphors of the struggle of the workers and the urban poor + Clockwise: IyonIsa Pang Kamay, Dali! Sketch of workers, Untitled Untitled
- 22. + BuongBalikat
- 23. RenatoHabulan Paintings depicted (likedialectics) truths between the rich and the poor, the master and slave, and classes of disparity. One of the most interesting story- tellers among the social realists who came into the art scene in the 70s 13 Artists Award from the CCP in + 1990 Clockwise: Untitled Impit KaayusansaAguilangPananaw
- 24. + Kubakob
- 25. + Liwanag 1 Liwanag 2
- 26. Jose Tence Ruiz Born 1958 in Sta. Mesa, Manila Graduated cum laude with a Fine Arts degree from the University of Sto. Tomas in 1979 Well-known for his wry and compelling political Cartoons Received the CCP 13 Artists Award + Clockwise: Inhuman Wrongs BungeeFixion According to Sam Raimi Boxing with the PCO: Macoy vs. The CCP
- 28. Neil Doloricon Explores the potential of traditional Philippine myths to convey social and historical issues SocialRealist painter, printmaker and editorial cartoonist Won several prizes in various art festivals, designs and caricature competitions + artist-in-residence of the UP in 1989 Thirteen Artists awardee of the CCP in 1990 Clockwise: InagngKalikasan Doloricon-Self Welga
- 29. + TutubingBakal Kalabaw at AngTagak
- 30. Papo de Asis Bron on Dec 16, 1949; died of a stroke in 2005 Immigrated to the US in 1990, but continued in the arts and activist community + Clockwise: Christedom Neo-Kolonyal Insurrection
- 31. + In Memory Of Lupa, Kabuhayan, Katarungan
- 32. + Themes
- 33. Themes Social injustices Struggles for independence Agrarian problems Foreign economic domination Export labor Exploitation of women and children Ecological damage 3 basic evils of society: feudalism, bureaucrat capitalism, and imperialism Militarization and human rights violations + growth of the mass movement Vision of a new order SOCIOPOLITICAL, HITORICAL & FOLK- IMAGERY ≒Folk: relating to the beliefs and opinions of ordinary people.
- 34. + Aimsof The Social Realists
- 35. What were they painting for? To express their aspirations of genuine freedom Visual expression of their opinions and views regarding the present social milieus Prompting viewers to engage in society , mediated by the artists work. Among them were Activists Communists Feminists +
- 36. + Forms Paintings Prints Comics Editorial Cartoons Illustrations Posters Portable Murals for rallies One of the more popular forms was the wall newspaper, consisting of slogans with visuals done on bands of masking tape, which could be posted on walls and concrete road islands. Junyee, Mate In Four
- 37. T鞄艶 declarative reflection of society T鞄艶interrogative elicited deconstructive questions, exposing myths of traditional privilege and heirarchy Andthe imperative modes- art as a major influence or agent of change According to Arnold Hauser, artists express themselves through ideologies in reaction to ideologies in conformity to/rebellion against ideologies + 3 Modes of Socail Realist Art
- 38. + Sources http://jonathanbeller.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/aquiring_eyes_layout.pd fhttp://www.angelfire.com/bc2/Egai/social.html http://www.slideshare.net/nadya_eos/social-realism-in-the-philippines http://journalism103.wordpress.com/2012/10/15/cultural-review-compelling-visual-journey- to-the-martial-law-period/ http://rachelmayo.blogspot.com/2012_09_01_archive.html http://www.manilaartblogger.com/2012/08/01/at-the-ccp-looking-back-at-martial-law/ http://www.boysenknoxoutproject.com/artworks_jose.do Reference: CCP Encyclopedia of Philippine Art, Vol 4. Manila: Cultural Center of the Philippines, 1994. http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/356062/renato-habulan-refined-fire#.UKj5aOPZ-Jl http://skpinas.multiply.com/photos/hi-res/upload/SO2GqQoKCpIAAC8bF5g1