Socio cultural change
Sociocultural evolution describes how cultures and societies change over time through processes like invention, discovery, and diffusion of new ideas and technologies. Key factors driving sociocultural change include the shift from rural to urban living, changes in economic systems from agricultural to industrial, the rise of democratic ideals promoting individual freedom, and greater participation of women in activities outside the home. There are several theories that attempt to explain sociocultural change, including evolutionary theory which views change as progress towards higher levels, conflict theory which sees change as a way to remedy social inequalities, and equilibrium theory which argues societies seek to maintain stability and balance when changes in one area require adjustments in others.
Socio cultural change
- 1. SOCIO-CULTURAL CHANGE Sociocultural evolution is an umbrella term for theories of cultural evolution and social evolution, describing how cultures and societies have changed over time.
- 2. Social change Cultural Change Refers to any significant alteration over time in behavior patterns and cultural values and norms. The belief that culture is symbolically coded and can thus is taught from one person to another means that cultures, although bounded, can change.
- 3. Factors of Socio-cultural change O Shift from rural to urban life; O From agricultural to industrial economy; O The introduction of democratic pattern and their focus on individual freedom and initiative; O Keen competition for economic survival so that both parents are forced to work O Greater opportunities for personal and professional enhancement; O Increased participation of women in activities outside the house
- 5. Invention OAn invention may be defined as a new combination or new use of existing knowledge.
- 6. Discovery OA discovery is a shared human experiences of an element of reality which already exist.
- 7. Diffusion OMost of the social changes in all known societies develop through diffusion, the spread of culture traits from group to group
- 8. Theories OEvolution Theory OConflict Theory OCyclical Theory OEquilibrium Theory
- 9. Evolution Theory OAccording to evolutionary theory, society moves in specific directions. Therefore, early social evolutionists saw society as progressing to higher and higher levels. As a result, they concluded that their own cultural attitudes and behaviors were more advanced than those of earlier societies.
- 10. Conflict Theory OConflict theorists maintain that, because a society's wealthy and powerful ensure the status quo in which social practices and institutions favorable to them continue, change plays a vital role in remedying social inequalities and injustices.
- 11. Cyclical Theory OThis theory posits that every society undergoes a phenomenon of cyclical change.
- 12. Equilibrium Theory OChanges in one aspect of society require adjustments in other aspects. When these adjustments do not occur, equilibrium disappears, threatening social order. Parsons' equilibrium theory incorporates the evolutionary concept of continuing progress, but the predominant theme is stability and balance.
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