Sodium hydrosulfite test kit in food
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This document provides information on a test kit for detecting sodium hydrosulfite in food. The test kit contains a plastic cup, test reagent bottle, and instructions for use. Sodium hydrosulfite can cause health issues if consumed and is prohibited in some foods. The test procedure involves adding a food sample to the cup, with water for solids, and then adding test reagent drops. A gray or black color indicates the presence of sodium hydrosulfite while a light blue or green result means it is not detected.
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* Lies over the **trachea**, from the level of **C5 to T1 vertebrae**.
*Structure**
Bilobed gland**: Right and left lobes connected by a thin bridge called the **isthmus**.
* Sometimes a pyramidal lobe is present (remnant of thyroglossal duct).
**Size & Weight**
* ~4-6 cm in length.
* Weighs about **1525 grams** in adults.
**Capsules**
* **True capsule**: Thin fibrous capsule.
* **False capsule**: Formed by the pretracheal fascia.
*Blood Supply**
*Arterial supply**:
* **Superior thyroid artery** (from external carotid)
* **Inferior thyroid artery** (from thyrocervical trunk)
* Occasionally: **Thyroid ima artery** (from brachiocephalic trunk or aorta)
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**Lymphatic Drainage**
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Nerve Supply**
Sympathetic**: Cervical sympathetic ganglia (vasomotor).
Parasympathetic**: From the vagus nerve** (via recurrent laryngeal and external laryngeal nerves).
* Recurrent laryngeal nerve runs close to the thyroid important surgically.
**Development**
* Develops from a **midline endodermal outgrowth** of the **floor of the pharynx** (foramen cecum).
* Migrates downward via the **thyroglossal duct** (normally obliterated).
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Nucleic Acids & Nucleotides Foundation of Genetic and Cellular Function
This 際際滷Share presentation provides a clear and concise overview of nucleic acids and nucleotides, the essential building blocks of life. Ideal for nursing, allied health, and biomedical students, it bridges core molecular biology concepts with clinical relevance.
Topics covered include:
Structure and types of nucleotides (purines & pyrimidines)
Difference between nucleotides and nucleosides
Structure and functions of DNA and RNA
Role of ATP and other nucleotides in metabolism and signaling
DNA replication, transcription basics
Clinical correlations: genetic disorders, cancer, antiviral targets
This slide deck simplifies complex information into visuals that support exam preparation, lecture learning, and practical understanding.
Suitable for BSc Nursing, Post-RN, and life sciences students
Follow for more slides on Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Health Science topics!THYROID GLAND -Prof.Dr.N.Mugunthan. KMMC,Muttom
THYROID GLAND -Prof.Dr.N.Mugunthan. KMMC,MuttomKanyakumari Medical Mission Research Center, Muttom
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*Thyroid Gland Anatomy**
**Location*
* Located in the **anterior neck**, below the **larynx**.
* Lies over the **trachea**, from the level of **C5 to T1 vertebrae**.
*Structure**
Bilobed gland**: Right and left lobes connected by a thin bridge called the **isthmus**.
* Sometimes a pyramidal lobe is present (remnant of thyroglossal duct).
**Size & Weight**
* ~4-6 cm in length.
* Weighs about **1525 grams** in adults.
**Capsules**
* **True capsule**: Thin fibrous capsule.
* **False capsule**: Formed by the pretracheal fascia.
*Blood Supply**
*Arterial supply**:
* **Superior thyroid artery** (from external carotid)
* **Inferior thyroid artery** (from thyrocervical trunk)
* Occasionally: **Thyroid ima artery** (from brachiocephalic trunk or aorta)
* **Venous drainage**:
* **Superior**, **middle**, and **inferior thyroid veins** drain into internal jugular and brachiocephalic veins.
**Lymphatic Drainage**
* Prelaryngeal, pretracheal, and paratracheal lymph nodes deep cervical nodes.
Nerve Supply**
Sympathetic**: Cervical sympathetic ganglia (vasomotor).
Parasympathetic**: From the vagus nerve** (via recurrent laryngeal and external laryngeal nerves).
* Recurrent laryngeal nerve runs close to the thyroid important surgically.
**Development**
* Develops from a **midline endodermal outgrowth** of the **floor of the pharynx** (foramen cecum).
* Migrates downward via the **thyroglossal duct** (normally obliterated).
Code Of Federal Regulations and Federal Register
Code Of Federal Regulations and Federal RegisterMs. Harshada Kiran Sonawane
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Check out the following description of the Code of Federal Regulations and the Federal Register, along with it.Landmark breast cancer trials used in NCCN ,ESMO,ASCO
Landmark breast cancer trials used in NCCN ,ESMO,ASCOarmin40254
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There are several clinical trials which are used in International guidelines including NCCN ,ESMO,ASCO to develop treatment protocols for breast cancer. I summarize some of the landmark trials and describes the Famous Milan trial,its a surgical trial.Musculoskeletal Diseases in the Elderly.
Musculoskeletal Diseases in the Elderly.Sneha Thakur
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Musculoskeletal diseases are highly prevalent among the elderly due to the natural aging process, which leads to degeneration of joints, bones, and muscles. These conditions commonly include osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, low back pain, frozen shoulder, and gout. Age-related changes such as decreased bone density, cartilage wear, reduced muscle mass, and joint stiffness contribute to pain, limited mobility, and a decline in physical function. These diseases can significantly affect an older person's independence and quality of life, increasing the risk of falls and disability. Early diagnosis and a comprehensive management approachincluding medications, nutritional support, lifestyle modifications, and physiotherapyare essential to maintain mobility, reduce pain, and promote active aging.
Ewing Sarcoma - new classification and Management.pptx
Ewing Sarcoma - new classification and Management.pptxNEIGRIHMS, SHILLONG
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Management of Ewing Sarcoma (including New Classification)
Ewing Sarcoma is a high-grade, undifferentiated small round cell tumor, primarily affecting children and young adults. In the 2020 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors, the term Ewing Family of Tumors has been retired. Instead, tumors are classified based on molecular alterations, specifically EWSR1/FUS::ETS fusion-positive sarcomas, primarily EWSR1::FLI1. Other tumors previously grouped under the ESFT umbrella (e.g., Ewing-like sarcomas with CIC or BCOR alterations) are now considered distinct entities due to their differing biology and clinical behavior.
Management of Ewing Sarcoma is stage-dependent and requires a multimodal strategy:
Localized Disease: Standard treatment begins with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, typically the VDC/IE regimen (vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide alternating with ifosfamide, etoposide). Following tumor shrinkage, local control is achieved through surgical resection when anatomically feasible, or radiotherapy if surgery poses significant morbidity. Adjuvant chemotherapy continues post-local therapy. With current strategies, 5-year survival exceeds 70% in localized cases.
Metastatic Disease: Prognosis is poorer, particularly with bone or combined lung and bone metastases. Treatment mirrors that for localized disease, but may include whole-lung irradiation (for isolated lung metastasis) or intensified systemic therapy. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue may be considered in selected patients.
Recurrent Disease: Prognosis remains guarded. Salvage regimens include high-dose ifosfamide, topotecan/cyclophosphamide, or irinotecan/temozolomide. The rEECur trial supports high-dose ifosfamide as the preferred second-line agent. Molecularly targeted agents like cabozantinib and regorafenib have shown modest efficacy in phase II trials. Enrollment in clinical trials evaluating new modalities (e.g., PARP inhibitors, GD2-targeted therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors) is encouraged.
Advances in molecular diagnostics and risk stratification are driving more personalized therapeutic approaches. The revised classification underscores the need for accurate molecular testing to guide diagnosis and trial eligibility. Future efforts aim to integrate genomic profiling and immunotherapeutic strategies to improve outcomes in high-risk and relapsed patients.
Patho Chapter 2 Pateint With Cancer for Post RN
Patho Chapter 2 Pateint With Cancer for Post RNPKLI-Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Lahore , Pakistan.
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Patient with Cancer Neoplasia Pathophysiology Notes
Description:
This 際際滷Share presentation provides a detailed overview of the pathophysiology of cancer neoplasia. It is designed for nursing and healthcare students seeking to understand the mechanisms behind abnormal cell growth, tumor formation, and the progression of malignant neoplasms. Key topics include:
Definition and classification of neoplasia
Cellular changes in cancer
Mechanisms of carcinogenesis
Tumor markers and lab investigations
Clinical manifestations
Nursing and medical management principles
These notes are ideal for academic revision, classroom teaching, or exam preparation.
Communication in Pharmacovigilance and Crisis management.pptx
Communication in Pharmacovigilance and Crisis management.pptxDr. Koppala R.V.S. Chaitanya
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Communication in pharmacovigilance Effective communication in Pharmacovigilance Communication in Drug Safety Crisis management Communicating with Regulatory Agencies, Business Partners, Healthcare facilities &
MediaAn overview contract research organization
An overview contract research organizationDreamerAchiever1
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Title: An Overview of Contract Research Organizations (CROs)
Description:
In todays fast-evolving pharmaceutical landscape, **Contract Research Organizations (CROs)** serve as the invisible backbone behind successful drug development and regulatory approval processes. This PowerPoint presentation offers a detailed, well-structured, and student-friendly overview of CROsfrom their origin and purpose to their staff roles, key responsibilities, organizational structure, services offered, and real-world challenges.
Perfect for students, researchers, and industry newcomers, this PPT simplifies the complex world of clinical outsourcing into understandable segments.
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### What This PPT Covers:
#### 1. **Introduction to CROs**
The presentation begins with a simple but powerful introduction to what a CRO is. Defined as a professional service organization that supports pharmaceutical companies, foundations, or government bodies in clinical research, CROs have become essential in reducing costs, accelerating research timelines, and offering specialized expertise. It also discusses how CROs operate by taking over trial planning, site management, regulatory coordination, and data analysis.
#### 2. **History of CROs**
From their humble beginnings in the 1940s with firms like Charles River Laboratories to their current global presence, CROs have expanded from offering niche services to becoming comprehensive, full-service providers. The presentation traces this journey through key milestones in CRO developmenthighlighting how they evolved from support labs to strategic partners in clinical trials.
#### 3. **Objectives of CROs**
Here, the core goals of CROs are broken down:
* Efficient outsourcing in clinical trials
* Biostatistics and data integrity
* Supervision in quality control
* Streamlined risk analysis
* Standardization and archiving
These objectives reflect the growing need for speed, accuracy, and reliability in todays drug development ecosystem.
---
### 鏝 Services Provided by CROs
This section showcases the wide range of services CROs offer, which go beyond trial execution. They include:
* Preclinical and clinical trial management (Phases IIV)
* Data collection, entry, and statistical analysis
* Regulatory submissions and correspondence
* Medical writing and documentation
* Pharmacovigilance and post-market surveillance
* Quality control and audits
Each service is introduced in student-friendly language, supported with clear examples.
Anatomy of Rectum and Anal Canal with Ano-Rectal Malformations.pptx
Anatomy of Rectum and Anal Canal with Ano-Rectal Malformations.pptxDrPkumar5
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This PPT is on the topic of anorectal malformations which are usually encountered in general practice and at any place where deliveries are taking place, so they can be seen by one and all.
These abnormalities create problems for the baby and family members both.
As the name suggest Anal malformation is present when new-born doesn't have normal opening or complete absence of anal canal opening.
Therefore, the new born is not able to pass stool normally. It is an emergency condition which requires immediate operation and thereby giving relief to the newly born child, relieving him of intestinal obstruction.
So the condition is very important to those who are concerned with performing deliveries and its after care like nurses, midwives and doctors alike.
An undergraduate doctor must know about these anorectal abnormalities and should be able to give immediate relief or prompt referral.
The topic has been made comprehensible by addition of anatomy of both rectum and anal canal, which is a ready reckoner for an MBBS student or a busy practitioner.
Vestibular Disorders Vision Problems Presentation
Vestibular Disorders Vision Problems PresentationRachel Abbassi
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The article "Vision Challenges with Vestibular Disorders" from the Vestibular Disorders Association (vestibular.org) explores how vestibular disorders can lead to various visual disturbances due to the close relationship between the vestibular and visual systems. A key component in this relationship is the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), which stabilizes vision during head movements. When the VOR is impaired, individuals may experience symptoms such as oscillopsia (a sensation of the visual field bouncing or jiggling), vertigo, double vision, and difficulty focusing.
These visual issues often become apparent during activities involving head motion and may not be detected during standard eye examinations, as these are typically conducted with the head stationary. Consequently, patients are encouraged to consult specialists that can assess and address functional visual skills deficits, such as focusing, eye tracking, and eye teaming coordination, which may trigger or exacerbate vestibular symptoms.
The article emphasizes that effective management of these vision challenges requires a comprehensive approach that considers both vestibular and visual system dysfunctions. By addressing these interconnected issues, patients can achieve better symptom control and improve their quality of life.Biophysics Chapter 7 Biophysics of Ion Channel.pdf
Biophysics Chapter 7 Biophysics of Ion Channel.pdfPKLI-Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Lahore , Pakistan.
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Biophysics of Ion Channels A Key Concept in Cellular Communication
Dive into the fascinating world of ion channels with this 際際滷Share presentation designed for nursing, allied health, and biomedical students. Understand how these microscopic gatekeepers regulate essential physiological functions.
Covered in this presentation:
Types of ion channels voltage-gated, ligand-gated, and mechanically-gated
Mechanism of ion movement across membranes
Generation of membrane potential and action potential
Role in nerve signaling and muscle contraction
Channelopathies clinical disorders related to ion channel dysfunction
Drug targets and pharmacological relevance
This visually structured content helps simplify complex biophysical concepts and links them directly to clinical practice and disease understanding.
Ideal for BSc Nursing, Post-RN, and medical science learners
Follow for more Biophysics and Nursing content!nerve injury , oral and maxillofacial surgery BDS
nerve injury , oral and maxillofacial surgery BDSSyeda Ayesha Zarish
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Title: Nerve Injury in Oral Surgery Overview, Classification & Management
Description:
This presentation provides a comprehensive overview of nerve injuries relevant to oral and maxillofacial surgery. It covers the types of nerve injuries, common causes during dental procedures, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and current management strategies. Ideal for dental students, interns, and professionals looking to enhance their understanding of neurotrauma in oral surgery.Planting Roots for Next-Gen Bispecific Antibodies in Hematologic Cancers: Col...
Planting Roots for Next-Gen Bispecific Antibodies in Hematologic Cancers: Col...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
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Chair and Presenter, Hans Lee, MD, and Jeff Yorio, MD, discuss lymphoma in this CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA/IPCE activity titled Planting Roots for Next-Gen Bispecific Antibodies in Hematologic Cancers: Collaborative Principles to Extend the Reach of Immunotherapy in Myeloma and Lymphoma. For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA/IPCE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3MVxgqh. CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA/IPCE credit will be available until May 27, 2026.Understanding the Urinary System: From Filtration to Excretion
Understanding the Urinary System: From Filtration to ExcretionDr Arathy R Nath
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This presentation provides a clear, concise, and informative overview of the human urinary system, designed for students, educators, and healthcare professionals. It covers essential aspects of urinary anatomy and physiology, focusing on:
Anatomical structure of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
Urine formation through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) and its role in renal regulation
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in blood pressure and fluid control
Acid-base balance mechanisms managed by the kidneys
Clearance tests for evaluating renal function
The micturition reflex and control of urination
Backed by standard textbooks and clinical sources, this deck serves as a great resource for learning or revising urinary system physiology. Includes references for further reading.
Collection, Transportation and Processing of Clinical Samples by Dhineshkumar...
Collection, Transportation and Processing of Clinical Samples by Dhineshkumar...DhineshkumarNpM
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Collection, Transportation and Processing of Clinical Samples for Microbiological techniqueswater purification, public health dentistry BDS
water purification, public health dentistry BDSSyeda Ayesha Zarish
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This presentation explores the vital topic of water purification, covering various traditional and modern methods used to ensure safe drinking water. It highlights the importance of water purification in public health, outlines key processes like filtration, chlorination, and discusses recent advancements in sustainable and efficient purification technologies. Ideal for students, educators of final year BDS to study public health dentistry.Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Notes for Biophysics and Biochemistry
Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Notes for Biophysics and BiochemistryPKLI-Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Lahore , Pakistan.
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Patho Chapter 2 Pateint With Cancer for Post RN
Patho Chapter 2 Pateint With Cancer for Post RNPKLI-Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Lahore , Pakistan.
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Biophysics Chapter 7 Biophysics of Ion Channel.pdf
Biophysics Chapter 7 Biophysics of Ion Channel.pdfPKLI-Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Lahore , Pakistan.
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Planting Roots for Next-Gen Bispecific Antibodies in Hematologic Cancers: Col...
Planting Roots for Next-Gen Bispecific Antibodies in Hematologic Cancers: Col...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
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Sodium hydrosulfite test kit in food
- 1. Test kit for Sodium Hydrosulfite in Food Miss Thadarat Khunluk 5114102320 Miss Narin Pengsan 5114102321 Miss Pimjai Boontiam 5114102324 Miss Rutaichanok Thawonwong 5114102328 Miss Supadtra Punyawong 5114102338
- 2. Test kit for Sodium Hydrosulfite in Food
- 3. Health Impact Being cause dyspnea (difficulty breath ), lower blood pressure, dizziness. Abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea For severe allergic person or asthmatic patient may cause shock, coma, and death.
- 4. Target Sample Coconut sugar, pickled bamboo shoot, preserved fruits ,bean sprout, shredded ginger, etc.
- 5. Test Kit Tool 1 Plastic cup 1 bottle of test reagent
- 6. Procedure For liquid sample, pour 5 ml of sample in the plastic cup. In case of solid sample, put 遜 teaspoonful of sample into the plastic cup, add 10ml of clean water and press to break the sample. Add 1-3 drops of test reagent, shake and notice the color.
- 7. Evaluation If the liquid is gray or black, such sample contains sodium hydrosulfite (prohibited) If the liquid is light blue or green, such sample contains no sodium hydrosulfite.
- 8. Thank you