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Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects

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This document discusses various topics related to soil organic matter, nutrients, and micronutrients. It provides definitions and outlines the composition, significance, and effects of soil organic matter. It also defines nutrients and micronutrients, describes the different types and groups of nutrients, and explains their roles and importance for plants and humans. Additionally, it outlines the effects of pesticide pollution on water, soil, and air.

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Topics Soil organic matter Nutrients Micronutrients Pesticides effects Name Arooba
Soil organic matter (SOM) Outline definition Composition of soil OM What does organic matter do in soil Significance of organic matter Effect on environment
Soil Outermost solid layer of the earth Collection of natural bodies Made up of organic materials That support the growth of plants Different from substrate
Conti..
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Composition of soil
What does organic matter do in soil? OM is most important component of soil OM serve as reservoir of nutrients water in soil Help in reducing compaction Reduce surface crusting Increases water infiltration into the soil
Benefits of OM Improve the soils ability to take up and hold water Improve the soil structure work like a sponge that absorb up to 90 percent water release most of the water that is absorbs to water Release nutrients in soil that increases its fertality
OM provides
SOM
Nutrients Outlines: Define term nutrients Tell what are nutrients? State balanced diet Types of nutrients Group nutrients
Nutrients chemical substance found in food Which help the body work Maintain the body balance Provide nourishment for growth We need 50 nutrients overall That divided into six groups
Why you need nutrients? Your body need nutrients to Fuel your body Help you to grow Repair yourself Maintain basic bodily functions Such as metabolism, growth and sexcual functions etc.
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Types of nutrients
Role Of 6 Major Nutrients Water (remove waste nutrients and regulate body temperature) Protein (build new tissues, antibodies, enzymes and hormones etc) Carbohydrate (provide energy) Fat (provide long term energy, insulation and protection) Vitamins (facilitate use of other nutrients, regulate growth and manufacturing hormones) Minerals (build bones and teeth, help in muscle functioning and nervous system activity)
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Macronutrients And Micronutrients Macronutrients 1) Nutrients that required in large amount 2) E.g Protein, fiber, water and carbohydrates 3) Cereals, legumes, meat, fish, yams, potatoes, nuts, oil and seeds are rich in macronutrients 4) Provide bulk energy needed for metabolic system Micronutrients 1. Nutrients that require in small amount 2. E.g photo chemicals, antioxidants, vitamins and certain minerals 3. Vegetables, fruits, eggs, green, leafy vegetables etc. are rich in micronutrients 4. Help various functions of the body, growth and prevent diseases
Micronutrients Outlines Definition Introduction Source Importance Deficiency effect
Definition Essential elements required by organisms In varying quantity To orchestrate a range of physiological functions And maintain health Their requirement differ between organisms E.g humans and other organisms require numerous vitamins and dietary minerals But plants require specific nutrients.
Role of micronutrients Micronutrients play a central role in metabolism and in maintenance of tissue functions Vitamins and minerals are basic micronutrients
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Essential nutrients for plants 7 nutrients essential for plant growth and health Needed in small quantity but very necessary Boron (regulate metabolism, transport carbohydrate ) Chlorine (necessary for osmosis, photosynthesis) Copper (work like enzymes) Iron (essential for chlorophyll synthesis) Manganesa (activate enzymes) Molybdenum (essential for plant health) Zinc (activate enzyme, chlorophll formation)
Essential nutrients for humans Minerals and vitamins Require through out the life But in small quantity Nutrients (chromium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, manganesa, molybdenum, selenium, zinc) Vitamins (vitamin B complex B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9,B12, A, C, D, K)
VITAMINS
MINERALS
TYPE OF VITAMINS Water soluble (vitamin B group) __ Dissolve easily in water __ and excreted from the body Fat soluble (A, D, E and K) __ absorbed through the intestinal tract __ with the help of lipids (fats)
Function of vitamins Acts as hormones Act as antioxidant Act as mediators Regulate cells and tissues growth Act as enzyme cofactor Act as a catalysts
Function of minerals Ca __ play role in formation of bones Mg__ act as cofactor of enzyme Fe__ transportation of oxygen K__ regulate heart beat Zn__ boost body immunity and heal wounds Cl __ produce acid in stomach I __ produce thyroid hormones P __ synthesis DNA and bones Na __ balance pH Cu __ metabolize iron and enzymes Se __ functioning antioxidant enzymes
Pesticides effects Outlines What are pesticides? Water pollution by pesticides Soil pollution by pesticides Air pollution by pesticides Resistance development
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects
Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects

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Soil organic matter, Nutrients and Micronutrients, Pesticides effects

  • 1. Topics Soil organic matter Nutrients Micronutrients Pesticides effects Name Arooba
  • 2. Soil organic matter (SOM) Outline definition Composition of soil OM What does organic matter do in soil Significance of organic matter Effect on environment
  • 3. Soil Outermost solid layer of the earth Collection of natural bodies Made up of organic materials That support the growth of plants Different from substrate
  • 7. What does organic matter do in soil? OM is most important component of soil OM serve as reservoir of nutrients water in soil Help in reducing compaction Reduce surface crusting Increases water infiltration into the soil
  • 8. Benefits of OM Improve the soils ability to take up and hold water Improve the soil structure work like a sponge that absorb up to 90 percent water release most of the water that is absorbs to water Release nutrients in soil that increases its fertality
  • 10. SOM
  • 11. Nutrients Outlines: Define term nutrients Tell what are nutrients? State balanced diet Types of nutrients Group nutrients
  • 12. Nutrients chemical substance found in food Which help the body work Maintain the body balance Provide nourishment for growth We need 50 nutrients overall That divided into six groups
  • 13. Why you need nutrients? Your body need nutrients to Fuel your body Help you to grow Repair yourself Maintain basic bodily functions Such as metabolism, growth and sexcual functions etc.
  • 16. Role Of 6 Major Nutrients Water (remove waste nutrients and regulate body temperature) Protein (build new tissues, antibodies, enzymes and hormones etc) Carbohydrate (provide energy) Fat (provide long term energy, insulation and protection) Vitamins (facilitate use of other nutrients, regulate growth and manufacturing hormones) Minerals (build bones and teeth, help in muscle functioning and nervous system activity)
  • 18. Macronutrients And Micronutrients Macronutrients 1) Nutrients that required in large amount 2) E.g Protein, fiber, water and carbohydrates 3) Cereals, legumes, meat, fish, yams, potatoes, nuts, oil and seeds are rich in macronutrients 4) Provide bulk energy needed for metabolic system Micronutrients 1. Nutrients that require in small amount 2. E.g photo chemicals, antioxidants, vitamins and certain minerals 3. Vegetables, fruits, eggs, green, leafy vegetables etc. are rich in micronutrients 4. Help various functions of the body, growth and prevent diseases
  • 19. Micronutrients Outlines Definition Introduction Source Importance Deficiency effect
  • 20. Definition Essential elements required by organisms In varying quantity To orchestrate a range of physiological functions And maintain health Their requirement differ between organisms E.g humans and other organisms require numerous vitamins and dietary minerals But plants require specific nutrients.
  • 21. Role of micronutrients Micronutrients play a central role in metabolism and in maintenance of tissue functions Vitamins and minerals are basic micronutrients
  • 23. Essential nutrients for plants 7 nutrients essential for plant growth and health Needed in small quantity but very necessary Boron (regulate metabolism, transport carbohydrate ) Chlorine (necessary for osmosis, photosynthesis) Copper (work like enzymes) Iron (essential for chlorophyll synthesis) Manganesa (activate enzymes) Molybdenum (essential for plant health) Zinc (activate enzyme, chlorophll formation)
  • 24. Essential nutrients for humans Minerals and vitamins Require through out the life But in small quantity Nutrients (chromium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, manganesa, molybdenum, selenium, zinc) Vitamins (vitamin B complex B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9,B12, A, C, D, K)
  • 27. TYPE OF VITAMINS Water soluble (vitamin B group) __ Dissolve easily in water __ and excreted from the body Fat soluble (A, D, E and K) __ absorbed through the intestinal tract __ with the help of lipids (fats)
  • 28. Function of vitamins Acts as hormones Act as antioxidant Act as mediators Regulate cells and tissues growth Act as enzyme cofactor Act as a catalysts
  • 29. Function of minerals Ca __ play role in formation of bones Mg__ act as cofactor of enzyme Fe__ transportation of oxygen K__ regulate heart beat Zn__ boost body immunity and heal wounds Cl __ produce acid in stomach I __ produce thyroid hormones P __ synthesis DNA and bones Na __ balance pH Cu __ metabolize iron and enzymes Se __ functioning antioxidant enzymes
  • 30. Pesticides effects Outlines What are pesticides? Water pollution by pesticides Soil pollution by pesticides Air pollution by pesticides Resistance development