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Solar system
- 1. Solar System
- 2. The Sun is a 4.5 billion-year-old yellow dwarf star – a hot glowing ball of hydrogen and helium – at the center of our solar system. It’s about 93 million miles (150 million kilometers) from Earth and it’s our solar system’s only star. Without the Sun’s energy, life as we know it could not exist on our home planet. Sun . . .
- 3. Mercury • Has a revolution period of 88 days. Has 1000° temperature swings from day to night because there is no atmosphere to trap heat. • Is about 1/3 of Earth’s size • Is about 1/3 Earth’s distance from the sun (0.39 AU) Mercury
- 4. Venus Has retrograde rotation – so the sun rises in the west and sets in the east! • Reaches 900°F at the surface due to a strong greenhouse effect. Venus has no moons and takes 225 days to complete an orbit. Is about the same size as Earth Is about 2/3 Earth’s distance from the sun (0.72 AU) . . . . .
- 5. Is the only planet known to support life! Has a surface composed of 71% water. - Water is necessary for life on Earth. • Is the basis for the Astronomical Unit (distance from sun to Earth = 1 AU) Earth . .
- 6. Mars appears red because of iron oxide, or rust, in its soil. • Mars has two moons and takes about two years to complete an orbit. • Is about ½ of Earth’s size Is about 12 times as far from the sun as Earth (1.52 AU) Mars . .
- 7. • Is the largest, most massive planet. Takes about 12 years to orbit the sun. Jupiter has 17 known moons. Is about 11 times larger than Earth. • Is about 5 times farther from the sun than Earth (5.19 AU) . . . Jupiter
- 8. Has many rings made of ice that extend about 260,000 miles from the surface but are less than 1 mile thick. • Has 19 known moons • Takes about 30 years to orbit the sun. Is almost 10 times larger than Earth Is nearly ten times farther from the sun than Earth (9.5 AU) . . . Saturn
- 9. • Has 21 known moons Takes 84 years to complete one orbit. • Is about 4 times larger than Earth • Is about 19 times farther from the sun than Earth (19.1 AU) . Uranus
- 10. Takes 165 years to orbit the sun Has 8 moons • Is about 3.8 times larger than Earth Is about 30 times farther from the sun than Earth (30 AU) . . Neptune
- 11. Once thought of as usually the furthest planet from the sun. 2/3rds the size of our moon. Has one large moon, Charon, and two smaller ones, Nix and Hydra. So cold that oxygen and nitrogen in its atmosphere is frozen solid except when Pluto is nearer the Sun. Only planet not visited by a spacecraft. Pluto takes 248 years to make one orbit around the sun! Pluto . . . . . .
Editor's Notes
- #2: Mercury • Has a revolution period of 88 days. Has 1000° temperature swings from day to night because there is no atmosphere to trap heat. • Is about 1/3 of Earth’s size • Is about 1/3 Earth’s distance from the sun (0.39 AU)