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체인지온 정재승

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1. The document discusses social networks from the perspective of a biological and brain scientist. It analyzes social networks as an example of a complex system and discusses properties like scale-free networks, preferential attachment, and small world phenomena. 2. The text provides examples of analyzing the scale-free nature of networks of sexual contacts and discusses how connections in such dynamic networks can be analyzed over short time windows. 3. It emphasizes viewing social networks through the lens of complexity theory rather than simple models of stability, and suggests leveraging properties of complex networks like hubs, weak ties, and collective intelligence to influence information diffusion.

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자연과학자가 바라본 ‘Social Network’ KAIST 바이오및뇌공학과 정재승
Paul Erdos: Erdos Numbers
케빈 베이컨의 여섯 단계 게임 (Six degrees of Kevin Bacon)
체인지온 정재승
Kevin Bacon Game
Small world network Bullmore and Sporns, 2009
Scale-free network
체인지온 정재승
Zipf’s Law George Zipf's 1949 observation that the frequency of words used in the English language followed a powerlaw distribution is a profound thing. It not only defined ‘Zipf's Law’, which gives a simple rule to explain why some words (e.g. the, of, and) are far more commonly used than others.
The scale-free nature of the web of sexual contacts. • They analyze data gathered in a 1996 Swedish survey of sexual behavior. The survey--involving a random sample of 4781 Swedish individuals (ages 18-74 yr)-- used structured personal interviews and questionnaires to collect information. • The response rate was 59 percent, corresponding to 2810 respondents. Connections in the network of sexual contacts appear and disappear as sexual relations are initiated and terminated. • To analyze the connectivity of this dynamic network, whose links may be quite short lived, we first analyze the number k of sex partners over a relatively short time window--the twelve months prior to the survey.
Preferential Attachment
1. Introduction : Self-Organization - A process of attraction and repulsion in which the internal organization of a system, normally an open system, increases in complexity without being guided or managed by an outside source (From Wikipedia) - Typically displays Emergent Properties Self-Organized Criticality: The origin of 1/f in the Brain
Complex Systems • Nonlinear basic unit/individual • Nonlinear interactions among units • Complex and ordered structures • Intrinsic stochastic noises • Dynamical transition of the states • Rich phenomena: chaos, fractal, small-world effect, scale-free behavior, intermittency, bursting, and synchronization. • Dynamical adaptation! • Wake from your reverie “homeostasis and stability.” • Focus on the complexity of the system! • Only a short-term prediction is possible. • Interdisciplinary research will be more preferable and useful.
Complex dynamics of heart rate variability
Breakdown of a fractal physiological control mechanism can lead ultimately either to a highly periodic output dominated by a single scale or to uncorrelated randomness.
African Fractal
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Hub and connectors vs. Weak ties
Collective Intelligence • 여러 사람들이 함께 문제를 해결하고, 서로 의견을 공유하며, 각자 자신 이 가진 것을 기여하고 참여하며, 서로 보완하는 정신 (참여, 공유, 개방).
Suggestions • Social network 은 complex systems 의 전형적인 예 중 하나 다. Complex network 의 창발성을 활용하자! • 공공캠페인을 위해 Worldwide Web, Blogosphere 등을 적극 적으로 활용하자! • Diffusion of Buzz: 매력적인 바이러스를 만들자! • ‘Information Cascade’를 이끌어내자! • 허브와 커넥터를 공략하자! • ‘약한 유대의 힘’을 활용하자! • 자발적인 참여, 공유, 개방을 활용하자!

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체인지온 정재승

  • 1. 자연과학자가 바라본 ‘Social Network’ KAIST 바이오및뇌공학과 정재승
  • 3. 케빈 베이컨의 여섯 단계 게임 (Six degrees of Kevin Bacon)
  • 6. Small world network Bullmore and Sporns, 2009
  • 9. Zipf’s Law George Zipf's 1949 observation that the frequency of words used in the English language followed a powerlaw distribution is a profound thing. It not only defined ‘Zipf's Law’, which gives a simple rule to explain why some words (e.g. the, of, and) are far more commonly used than others.
  • 10. The scale-free nature of the web of sexual contacts. • They analyze data gathered in a 1996 Swedish survey of sexual behavior. The survey--involving a random sample of 4781 Swedish individuals (ages 18-74 yr)-- used structured personal interviews and questionnaires to collect information. • The response rate was 59 percent, corresponding to 2810 respondents. Connections in the network of sexual contacts appear and disappear as sexual relations are initiated and terminated. • To analyze the connectivity of this dynamic network, whose links may be quite short lived, we first analyze the number k of sex partners over a relatively short time window--the twelve months prior to the survey.
  • 12. 1. Introduction : Self-Organization - A process of attraction and repulsion in which the internal organization of a system, normally an open system, increases in complexity without being guided or managed by an outside source (From Wikipedia) - Typically displays Emergent Properties Self-Organized Criticality: The origin of 1/f in the Brain
  • 13. Complex Systems • Nonlinear basic unit/individual • Nonlinear interactions among units • Complex and ordered structures • Intrinsic stochastic noises • Dynamical transition of the states • Rich phenomena: chaos, fractal, small-world effect, scale-free behavior, intermittency, bursting, and synchronization. • Dynamical adaptation! • Wake from your reverie “homeostasis and stability.” • Focus on the complexity of the system! • Only a short-term prediction is possible. • Interdisciplinary research will be more preferable and useful.
  • 14. Complex dynamics of heart rate variability
  • 15. Breakdown of a fractal physiological control mechanism can lead ultimately either to a highly periodic output dominated by a single scale or to uncorrelated randomness.
  • 18. Hub and connectors vs. Weak ties
  • 19. Collective Intelligence • 여러 사람들이 함께 문제를 해결하고, 서로 의견을 공유하며, 각자 자신 이 가진 것을 기여하고 참여하며, 서로 보완하는 정신 (참여, 공유, 개방).
  • 20. Suggestions • Social network 은 complex systems 의 전형적인 예 중 하나 다. Complex network 의 창발성을 활용하자! • 공공캠페인을 위해 Worldwide Web, Blogosphere 등을 적극 적으로 활용하자! • Diffusion of Buzz: 매력적인 바이러스를 만들자! • ‘Information Cascade’를 이끌어내자! • 허브와 커넥터를 공략하자! • ‘약한 유대의 힘’을 활용하자! • 자발적인 참여, 공유, 개방을 활용하자!