SMILE', short for 'Small Incision Lenticular Extraction' is no flap, no pain, quick recovery, and fully computer operated by the femtosecond laser. This new technique, is only possible with the Visumax femotsecond laser by Carl Zeiss, and is the least invasive therapy possible these days.
This document discusses toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) for correcting astigmatism during cataract surgery. It provides details on the evolution of toric IOL designs from early PMMA lenses that often rotated, to current acrylic models with improved stability. Precise keratometry measurements and accounting for surgically induced astigmatism are important for toric IOL power calculations. The document outlines the toric IOL implantation procedure and factors affecting postoperative rotation. Toric IOLs can provide high levels of spectacle independence when used appropriately in patients with regular corneal astigmatism over 1.5 D.
NW2012 Intraocular Lens Design and Effects on VisionNawat Watanachai
?
some information about intraocular lens materials, designs; and their effect on surgery and visual function.
I'm sorry that i one i previously uploaded was the wrong file.
The document discusses various aspects of patient evaluation and treatment options for refractive surgery. It describes evaluating a patient's psychosocial factors, medical and ocular history, and examination findings to determine suitability for different refractive surgery techniques. A variety of surgical options are outlined including corneal procedures like LASIK, PRK, and lens-based procedures. Topics like wavefront analysis and assessing higher-order aberrations are also summarized.
Everything you should know about corneal tomography. A summary of all top books about the issue.
For online presentations see my YouTube channel - Eye - Dr. Tuti
This document discusses scleral buckling surgery for retinal detachment. It describes scleral buckling as an old technique that uses scleral implants or explants like an encircling band or local explant. The document highlights key steps in scleral buckling surgery including preoperative assessment to locate all retinal breaks, retinal drawing, localization of breaks intraoperatively, isolation of the recti muscles, retinopexy using methods like cryotherapy, and postoperative considerations. Scleral buckling is presented as an option for primary retinal detachment repair, especially in phakic patients, though the document also notes evidence supporting primary vitrectomy in some cases.
Cover test at distance and near: 8Δ left hypertropia at distance, 10Δ left hypertropia at near
Maddox rod: 8Δ left hypertropia at distance, 10Δ left hypertropia at near
Version: Full OU
Case 1: Left hypertropia increasing at near. Likely thyroid eye disease. Start with Fresnel prism to alleviate diplopia. Consider referral to endocrinologist for further workup and management.
Retinal artery macroaneurysm, Primary retinal Telangiectasiawasim shah
?
1) Retinal artery macroaneurysm is a localized dilatation of retinal arterioles that predominantly affects older hypertensive women. It may cause vision loss due to leakage or hemorrhage. Diagnosis is based on fundus examination findings and fluorescein angiography can show filling and late leakage of the macroaneurysm. Treatment options include observation, laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF injections, and vitrectomy.
2) Primary retinal telangiectasia is a group of rare vascular disorders characterized by dilatation and tortuosity of retinal vessels, aneurysms, leakage and exudate deposition. Types include idiopathic macular telangiect
Small overview of the startups involved in healthcare artificial intelligence, the OCT market, investments, patent and IP issues and FDA regulation.
Alternative download link: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6757026/slideShare/retinalAI_landscape.pdf
The document discusses the long-term safety of LASIK based on over 50 years of lamellar corneal surgery experience. While early studies in the 2000s showed limited long-term data, newer screening techniques like epithelial thickness mapping and advances in technology have improved safety outcomes. Keratomileusis procedures from the 1970s demonstrated ectasia risks can be minimized through accurate screening and limiting resection depth and diameter.
Brolucizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody fragment that binds to and inhibits VEGF-A. It has a smaller molecular weight and longer half-life than ranibizumab and bevacizumab. Studies have shown brolucizumab to be non-inferior to aflibercept in treating wet AMD and DME, with some anatomical outcomes favoring brolucizumab. The risk of intraocular inflammation is higher with brolucizumab compared to aflibercept. Case reports have demonstrated effectiveness of brolucizumab in recalcitrant macular edema from CRVO and in treating PCV.
This document summarizes corneal collagen shrinkage and collagen crosslinking techniques. It discusses how collagen shrinkage was initially used to treat keratoconus through heating methods but had limitations due to necrosis. Collagen crosslinking was developed to strengthen corneal collagen through riboflavin and UV light exposure based on the Dresden Protocol. Variations including accelerated and customized protocols aim to treat thinner corneas and focal disease. While generally safe and effective for keratoconus, complications can include haze, infection, and continued progression requiring proper technique. New applications investigate refractive corrections and other corneal conditions.
MIGS procedures are newer glaucoma surgeries that offer more modest intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering than traditional surgeries, but with a safer risk profile. They are targeted at patients with mild to moderate glaucoma and involve minimally traumatic, ab-interno approaches that preserve the conjunctiva. Common MIGS procedures include implants that bypass the trabecular meshwork (iStent, Hydrus), drain into the suprachoroidal space (CyPass), or excise the trabecular meshwork (Trabectome). Studies show that MIGS procedures lower IOP by 15-20% on average when combined with cataract surgery. Complications are generally mild and
Biometry is used to measure the eye to determine the correct intraocular lens power for cataract surgery. It involves measuring the corneal power with keratometry and the eye length with axial length measurement. The optimal method is optical biometry which measures both simultaneously while allowing the patient to fixate, improving accuracy. Special cases like high myopia, prior refractive surgery, or pathology require adjusted measurement techniques or formulas to calculate the lens power accurately.
Retinal vein occlusions are the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. Several studies have evaluated treatments for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusions. Anti-VEGF drugs like ranibizumab, aflibercept, and bevacizumab have been shown to significantly improve visual acuity and reduce macular thickness compared to observation or laser, with benefits maintained over 1-2 years. Dexamethasone intravitreal implants also provide initial benefits but effects are not sustained long-term and are associated with increased risks of cataract and elevated intraocular pressure.
Lecture given at the Basic Course in Clinical Diagnostics and Instrumentation, given at Sentro Oftalmologico Jose Rizal, Philippine General Hospital, May 13, 2017
This document summarizes a study on the outcomes of scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The study included 50 patients who underwent scleral buckling with cryotherapy, encirclage, and a localized buckle. Immediately after surgery, the retina was reattached in 45 patients, for a success rate of 90%. Complications included recurrent detachment in 5 patients who required vitrectomy, and epiretinal membrane or macular pucker in 2 patients. The document argues that while scleral buckling is less commonly performed now than vitrectomy, it remains an effective technique for uncomplicated retinal detachment, especially in younger patients, with advantages of lower cost
This document discusses the differences between DSAEK and DMEK endothelial keratoplasty procedures. DMEK, where the donor tissue is thinner than DSAEK, provides better visual outcomes but is more technically challenging to perform due to the delicate tissue handling required. DSAEK is easier to perform but results in slightly worse vision initially. Long term graft survival is similar between the two procedures, though DMEK has lower rejection rates while DSAEK has fewer intraoperative complications. The document examines factors related to tissue preparation, surgical technique, patient anatomy, and postoperative outcomes when comparing DSAEK to DMEK.
www.ophthalclass.blogspot.com has the complete class and MCQs on uveitis for undergraduate medical students. Class 5 in the series of classes on uveitis deals with the common causes of panuveitis and briefly discusses their management. The clinical feature of each of the disease entities is explained with the help of case studies.
Cataract surgery has advanced significantly with improvements like phacoemulsification that uses ultrasound to break up the cataract. This technique allows for a smaller incision and faster recovery compared to previous extracapsular cataract extraction surgery. Newer intraocular lenses and technology have also improved vision outcomes and the ability to reduce dependence on glasses after surgery. Cataract surgery is now a very common and highly successful operation.
This document summarizes new and emerging therapies for retinal diseases such as diabetic macular edema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). For DME, anti-VEGF therapies like ranibizumab and aflibercept as well as corticosteroid implants like fluocinolone and dexamethasone are discussed. For AMD, sustained delivery devices, gene therapy, complement cascade inhibition and other approaches are mentioned. Encapsulated cell technology and nanostructured implants aim to provide longer-lasting drug delivery for retinal conditions.
fundus fluorescein angiography V/S indocyanine green angiographyparesh nichlani
?
This document discusses fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICG). It provides details on:
1. The introduction, pharmacology, characteristics and uses of FFA for assessing the retinal vasculature and blood-retinal barrier.
2. The properties, adverse reactions, and instrumentation used for ICG, which provides better imaging of the choroid compared to FFA due to its deeper tissue penetration.
3. The phases and interpretation of both FFA and ICG for evaluating various retinal and choroidal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, and inflammatory choroid-retinal diseases.
This document provides information on various types of phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs) that are implanted to correct refractive errors while leaving the natural lens in place. It discusses the history of phakic IOLs and describes anterior chamber angle-supported IOLs, iris-fixated IOLs, and posterior chamber phakic IOLs. The key points covered include the indications, surgical procedures, power calculation methods, potential complications, and advantages/disadvantages of each phakic IOL type.
Cover test at distance and near: 8Δ left hypertropia at distance, 10Δ left hypertropia at near
Maddox rod: 8Δ left hypertropia at distance, 10Δ left hypertropia at near
Version: Full OU
Case 1: Left hypertropia increasing at near. Likely thyroid eye disease. Start with Fresnel prism to alleviate diplopia. Consider referral to endocrinologist for further workup and management.
Retinal artery macroaneurysm, Primary retinal Telangiectasiawasim shah
?
1) Retinal artery macroaneurysm is a localized dilatation of retinal arterioles that predominantly affects older hypertensive women. It may cause vision loss due to leakage or hemorrhage. Diagnosis is based on fundus examination findings and fluorescein angiography can show filling and late leakage of the macroaneurysm. Treatment options include observation, laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF injections, and vitrectomy.
2) Primary retinal telangiectasia is a group of rare vascular disorders characterized by dilatation and tortuosity of retinal vessels, aneurysms, leakage and exudate deposition. Types include idiopathic macular telangiect
Small overview of the startups involved in healthcare artificial intelligence, the OCT market, investments, patent and IP issues and FDA regulation.
Alternative download link: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6757026/slideShare/retinalAI_landscape.pdf
The document discusses the long-term safety of LASIK based on over 50 years of lamellar corneal surgery experience. While early studies in the 2000s showed limited long-term data, newer screening techniques like epithelial thickness mapping and advances in technology have improved safety outcomes. Keratomileusis procedures from the 1970s demonstrated ectasia risks can be minimized through accurate screening and limiting resection depth and diameter.
Brolucizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody fragment that binds to and inhibits VEGF-A. It has a smaller molecular weight and longer half-life than ranibizumab and bevacizumab. Studies have shown brolucizumab to be non-inferior to aflibercept in treating wet AMD and DME, with some anatomical outcomes favoring brolucizumab. The risk of intraocular inflammation is higher with brolucizumab compared to aflibercept. Case reports have demonstrated effectiveness of brolucizumab in recalcitrant macular edema from CRVO and in treating PCV.
This document summarizes corneal collagen shrinkage and collagen crosslinking techniques. It discusses how collagen shrinkage was initially used to treat keratoconus through heating methods but had limitations due to necrosis. Collagen crosslinking was developed to strengthen corneal collagen through riboflavin and UV light exposure based on the Dresden Protocol. Variations including accelerated and customized protocols aim to treat thinner corneas and focal disease. While generally safe and effective for keratoconus, complications can include haze, infection, and continued progression requiring proper technique. New applications investigate refractive corrections and other corneal conditions.
MIGS procedures are newer glaucoma surgeries that offer more modest intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering than traditional surgeries, but with a safer risk profile. They are targeted at patients with mild to moderate glaucoma and involve minimally traumatic, ab-interno approaches that preserve the conjunctiva. Common MIGS procedures include implants that bypass the trabecular meshwork (iStent, Hydrus), drain into the suprachoroidal space (CyPass), or excise the trabecular meshwork (Trabectome). Studies show that MIGS procedures lower IOP by 15-20% on average when combined with cataract surgery. Complications are generally mild and
Biometry is used to measure the eye to determine the correct intraocular lens power for cataract surgery. It involves measuring the corneal power with keratometry and the eye length with axial length measurement. The optimal method is optical biometry which measures both simultaneously while allowing the patient to fixate, improving accuracy. Special cases like high myopia, prior refractive surgery, or pathology require adjusted measurement techniques or formulas to calculate the lens power accurately.
Retinal vein occlusions are the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. Several studies have evaluated treatments for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusions. Anti-VEGF drugs like ranibizumab, aflibercept, and bevacizumab have been shown to significantly improve visual acuity and reduce macular thickness compared to observation or laser, with benefits maintained over 1-2 years. Dexamethasone intravitreal implants also provide initial benefits but effects are not sustained long-term and are associated with increased risks of cataract and elevated intraocular pressure.
Lecture given at the Basic Course in Clinical Diagnostics and Instrumentation, given at Sentro Oftalmologico Jose Rizal, Philippine General Hospital, May 13, 2017
This document summarizes a study on the outcomes of scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The study included 50 patients who underwent scleral buckling with cryotherapy, encirclage, and a localized buckle. Immediately after surgery, the retina was reattached in 45 patients, for a success rate of 90%. Complications included recurrent detachment in 5 patients who required vitrectomy, and epiretinal membrane or macular pucker in 2 patients. The document argues that while scleral buckling is less commonly performed now than vitrectomy, it remains an effective technique for uncomplicated retinal detachment, especially in younger patients, with advantages of lower cost
This document discusses the differences between DSAEK and DMEK endothelial keratoplasty procedures. DMEK, where the donor tissue is thinner than DSAEK, provides better visual outcomes but is more technically challenging to perform due to the delicate tissue handling required. DSAEK is easier to perform but results in slightly worse vision initially. Long term graft survival is similar between the two procedures, though DMEK has lower rejection rates while DSAEK has fewer intraoperative complications. The document examines factors related to tissue preparation, surgical technique, patient anatomy, and postoperative outcomes when comparing DSAEK to DMEK.
www.ophthalclass.blogspot.com has the complete class and MCQs on uveitis for undergraduate medical students. Class 5 in the series of classes on uveitis deals with the common causes of panuveitis and briefly discusses their management. The clinical feature of each of the disease entities is explained with the help of case studies.
Cataract surgery has advanced significantly with improvements like phacoemulsification that uses ultrasound to break up the cataract. This technique allows for a smaller incision and faster recovery compared to previous extracapsular cataract extraction surgery. Newer intraocular lenses and technology have also improved vision outcomes and the ability to reduce dependence on glasses after surgery. Cataract surgery is now a very common and highly successful operation.
This document summarizes new and emerging therapies for retinal diseases such as diabetic macular edema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). For DME, anti-VEGF therapies like ranibizumab and aflibercept as well as corticosteroid implants like fluocinolone and dexamethasone are discussed. For AMD, sustained delivery devices, gene therapy, complement cascade inhibition and other approaches are mentioned. Encapsulated cell technology and nanostructured implants aim to provide longer-lasting drug delivery for retinal conditions.
fundus fluorescein angiography V/S indocyanine green angiographyparesh nichlani
?
This document discusses fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICG). It provides details on:
1. The introduction, pharmacology, characteristics and uses of FFA for assessing the retinal vasculature and blood-retinal barrier.
2. The properties, adverse reactions, and instrumentation used for ICG, which provides better imaging of the choroid compared to FFA due to its deeper tissue penetration.
3. The phases and interpretation of both FFA and ICG for evaluating various retinal and choroidal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, and inflammatory choroid-retinal diseases.
This document provides information on various types of phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs) that are implanted to correct refractive errors while leaving the natural lens in place. It discusses the history of phakic IOLs and describes anterior chamber angle-supported IOLs, iris-fixated IOLs, and posterior chamber phakic IOLs. The key points covered include the indications, surgical procedures, power calculation methods, potential complications, and advantages/disadvantages of each phakic IOL type.
24. Pupil Centroid ShiftPupil Centroid Shift
Different Lighting ConditionsDifferent Lighting Conditions
Diagnostic measurement (mesopic)Diagnostic measurement (mesopic) LVC Treatment (photopic)LVC Treatment (photopic)
As the pupil changes size, its centroid may notAs the pupil changes size, its centroid may not
remain stationary, relative to the outer irisremain stationary, relative to the outer iris
boundaryboundary
Outer Iris BoundaryOuter Iris Boundary
25. The Impact of Centroid ShiftThe Impact of Centroid Shift
and Registration onand Registration on
Clinical OutcomesClinical Outcomes
Eric Donnenfeld, M.D.Eric Donnenfeld, M.D.
Ophthalmic Consultants ofOphthalmic Consultants of
Long Island and ConnecticutLong Island and Connecticut
TLC Laser Centers RegionalTLC Laser Centers Regional
Director and NationalDirector and National
Advisory BoardAdvisory Board
26. Comparison of Night Driving
Performance After Wavefront-
Guided and Conventional LASIK
for Moderate Myopia
Steve Schallhorn, MDSteve Schallhorn, MD
27. Preop to Postop Difference inPreop to Postop Difference in
NDS Performance with GlareNDS Performance with Glare
ConventionalConventional WFG with femto flapWFG with femto flap
Preoptopostopchangeinfeet
Worse after surgery
Improved after surgery
28. Loss of ≥ 2 Lines:
Conv 13%
WFG 1.1%
p=0.00p=0.00
Conventional vs WFG LASIKConventional vs WFG LASIK
WFGWFG provides better Contrast Acuityprovides better Contrast Acuity
30. ConclusionsConclusions
Based on the simulations:
– Optimized LASIK is an improvement over
Conventional, however it still induces
more HOAs than WFG
– Pts with low preop HOA benefit from
WFG LASIK
31. Sources of errorSources of error
Fitting Registration Tracking
Beam
Variability
Total Error
Wavefront
Device
117. 117 | Decision Tree | Business Use Only
Features of Custom-Q
1. Use of symetrical ablation profiles as with WFO
2. Fine adjustment of sphere and cylinder in 0,01 D steps
3. Adjusting the optical zone in 0,1 mm steps
4. Adjusting the transotion zone in 0,05 mm steps
5. Adjustment of Q value
118. 118 | Decision Tree | Business Use Only
f1 f2 f3
An aspheric cornea (oblate shape) will gradually increase its refractive power towards the
periphery.
Light reaching the cornea peripherically will bend more compared to the central rays of light
(even more compared to a spherical cornea).
Oblate cornea Q = +0.48
Positive spherical aberration increases.
Optical significance:
119. 119 | Decision Tree | Business Use Only
f1
An aspheric corneal shape (prolate shape) gradually reduces its refractive power towards
periphery, merging all rays of light to a single focus.
Prolate cornea Q = -0.49
Optical significance:
Spherical aberration is reduced.
120. 120 | Decision Tree | Business Use Only
120
45 以上者,選擇歲 Q 調整值
補償老視
主導眼完全矯正
非主導眼欠矯 -0.50 ~ -0.75D ,目標 Q 值 -
1
123. 123 | Decision Tree | Business Use Only
ALLEGRO
Topolyzer
&
Topolyzer Vario (Placcido)
WaveLight EX500
or
ALLEGRETTO WAVE?
portal software/Eye-Q laser
system
ALLEGRO
Oculyzer
&
Oculyzer II(schingfluge)
Data transfer
#18: Basic functioning of Hartmann-Shack Aberrometer. Light enters the eye, passes through to the retina and reflects back light to a Lens Array and CCD Camera that captures the reflections, creating an image of the imperfections within the visual pathway.
#107: We are the only company that uses 3D profiling system to calibrate the beam.
#108: Test question everything is wavefront optomized and peripheral pulse control
#117: The WaveLight decision tree offers four possible treatment options (ablation profiles):
Wavefront Optimized? ablation profile (WFO)
Custom-Q ablation profile (Custom-Q)
Wavefront-guided ablation profile (A-CAT)
Topography-guided ablation profile (T-CAT)
They are marked light green.
The choice for a specific ablation profile depends on each patient’s individual clinical data. These data can be obtained using the following check or diagnostic tools:
Refraction measurements
Visual acuity
Evaluation of quality of vision through patient questioning
Corneal topography (ALLEGRO Topolyzer and ALLEGRO Oculyzer)
Wavefront aberrometry (ALLEGRO Analyzer)
They are marked dark green.
Treatment decisions depend on diagnosis results as such. These results should be interpreted carefully. In the decision tree we have marked the considerations leading to further diagnostic steps or final treatment bright green.