3 g event descriptionSaif HaiderThe document describes various measurement events for intra-frequency, inter-frequency, inter-RAT, traffic volume, quality, UE internal, and UE positioning measurements in UTRAN. It lists the specific reporting events, including Event 1A where a primary CPICH enters the reporting range, Event 1B where a primary CPICH leaves the reporting range, and Event 1C where a non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH. It provides detailed conditions, procedures, and actions related to triggering reports for each of these measurement events.
Comparative Study on Mobile Switching Center of Mobile GenerationsijtsrdThe world of mobile wireless communication is rapidly developing. The last few years have experience a remarkable growth in wireless industry. Just within a decade, an evolution of wireless service people used every day can be completely dumbfounded from the roots of analog based first generation service 1G to today's truly broadband ready fourth generation networks. The ever growing demands for higher data rates, greater capacity and better quality of services triggered operations to come up with new network technologies. There are many improvements of mobile generations in the world of telecommunication. Mobile Switching Center can perform various types of function in mobile communication. It also connects VLR Visitor Location Register , HLR Home Location Register , AuC Authentication Center and EIR Equipment Identity Register and they are essential needing for mobile communication. This paper represents the introduction about evolution from 1G to 4G system and discusses about the main elements in Mobile Switching Center eventually it includes comparison of Mobile Switching Center in every mobile generations. Aye Myat Myat Myo | Zar Chi Soe "Comparative Study on Mobile Switching Center of Mobile Generations" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26643.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26643/comparative-study-on-mobile-switching-center-of-mobile-generations/aye-myat-myat-myo
Nokia dictionaryJetal PatelThis document provides parameters for radio network configuration in a Nokia wireless network. It contains over 100 parameters organized in sections for the BSC, BCF, BTS, adjacent cells, and other settings. The parameters define thresholds, timers, and options that control functions like call handling, congestion management, handover processing, and radio resource allocation. The document is intended only for Nokia customers and subject to change without notice.
LTE Training CourseChiehChunThe document discusses an LTE training course agenda presented by the OAI Project Team. It covers topics including LTE overview, channels in LTE, cell search procedure, system information, and random access procedure. For each topic, it provides outlines, descriptions, and diagrams. The random access procedure section explains its main purpose is to achieve uplink synchronization and assign a unique UE identifier C-RNTI.
Engineering The New IP TransportMyNOGThe document discusses how segment routing can help networks support new services by providing simplified, automated, and scalable IP transport. Segment routing uses source routing techniques and standard routing protocols to enable network slicing, which allows for the efficient sharing of network resources across different services. The key capabilities of segment routing include simplification of network protocols, improved scalability, simplified traffic engineering, and universal forwarding across access and data center networks.
Introduction to Segment RoutingMyNOGThis document discusses segment routing and its benefits for incremental deployment in networks. It describes how segment routing uses MPLS or IPv6 routing headers to encode paths as ordered lists of segments. Segment routing allows more control over traffic paths compared to traditional IGP routing. It can enable traffic engineering and service chaining while maintaining network and control plane simplicity. The document argues segment routing is useful for scaling datacenters and simplifying peering relationships.
Ethernet VPN - Layer 2 ScalabilityShivlu JainThe document proposes Ethernet VPN (E-VPN) as a solution to overcome scaling challenges with the existing Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) technology. E-VPN uses MPLS and BGP to transport layer 2 connectivity between data centers. It treats MAC addresses as routable addresses and uses MP-iBGP to distribute customer MAC addresses between edge routers. This allows for remote MAC learning and helps scale to thousands of MAC addresses. The document also describes how E-VPN uses Ethernet Segment IDs and split horizon labels to avoid layer 2 loops in multi-homing scenarios.
Cs fall backMuhammad Shehzad AshrafThis document provides an overview and detailed descriptions of Circuit Switched Fallback (CSFB) features in an evolved Radio Access Network (eRAN). It describes CSFB procedures for falling back from an LTE network to UTRAN or GERAN networks to support circuit switched services like voice calls. The document includes sections on CSFB architectures, handover decisions and executions, related interfaces, engineering guidelines, parameters and troubleshooting.
Ericsson MSC commandsAnthony UissoThe document describes the CDLCP command, which prints long duration call supervision data. It lists the command format, parameters, function, examples, and resulting printouts. The command has no parameters and prints data on long calls, including setup information and whether automatic disconnection is enabled.
NR SSB PresentationhmandalaThe document discusses key aspects of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) in 5G NR, including:
1) An SSB consists of PSS, SSS and PBCH which enable cell search and detection of physical layer cell ID.
2) SSBs are transmitted periodically with configurable periodicities and occupy 4 OFDM symbols in the time domain.
3) In the frequency domain, SSBs are transmitted on synchronization rasters called GSCNs which have wider steps than LTE to facilitate faster cell search.
VoLTE_SRVCC_E2ErevisedAmit DeshmukhThe document provides an overview of VoLTE and SRVCC functionality:
(1) It introduces IMS and defines key components like CSCF, HSS, and AS.
(2) It describes the VoLTE registration process between the UE and IMS network elements.
(3) It outlines the single radio voice call continuity (SRVCC) handover process for transferring a VoLTE call to a 3G network when the UE loses LTE coverage. This involves coordination between the MME, MSC, ATCF, and SCC AS.
Nokia gsm-kpi-analysis-based-on-daily-monitoring-basis-presentationmohammed khairyThis document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring a GSM network and reasons for and solutions to common issues. It provides relationships between different network elements and describes concepts like SD blocking, SD drop, TCH blocking, TCH assignment, TCH drop, and handover success rate (HOSR). For each KPI, it outlines potential causes for degradation and recommendations to address hardware faults, interference, parameter misconfiguration, and other problems.
The VoLTE User Experience--Better or WorseSailaja TennatiAs LTE networks start to mature across the world, more and more carriers are looking to introduce voice services on LTE networks using a technology called Voice over LTE (VoLTE). However, making sure the VoLTE user experience is as good as—or preferably better than—legacy 2G/3G voice services is very challenging.
This ݺߣShare presentation cover the following:
- How VoLTE is different from legacy wireless voice services
- The VoLTE user experience, and how to measure it
- Key elements of a successful test and verification strategy
3 g rf-opt-process.pptMd.Akm SahanshaThe document discusses radio frequency (RF) optimization for a cellular network. It describes using an RF scanner and user equipment (UE) measurements to analyze coverage, quality, pilot pollution, and uplink coverage. The results are analyzed using tools like Actix or Nemo Analyzer to identify issues and make recommendations for optimization. These may include changing antenna tilts, pans, heights or transmission powers to improve coverage areas and quality while reducing pilot pollution. Drive test data is also used to verify scanner measurements meet planned thresholds and identify problems like dropped calls or failures.
Handover call_flow in GSMvirender123243The document summarizes the GSM inter-BSC intra-MSC handover call flow where a mobile phone moves from the Rockville cell to the Bethesda cell while on a call. The Rockville BSC detects the mobile will have better signal in the Bethesda cell and sends a handover required message to the MSC. The MSC sends a handover request to the Bethesda BSC which allocates a channel. The Bethesda BSC sends a handover command to the mobile via the Rockville BSC. The mobile then tunes to the new channel and completes the handover while the call path is switched to maintain the call.
LtelocationandmobilitymanagementMorg The document discusses power management and mobility management in LTE. It describes two activity states for user equipment (UE) - connected mode and idle mode. In connected mode, the UE's radio is on and it is constantly communicating with the network. In idle mode, the UE turns off its transmitter and only listens periodically to conserve power. The document outlines the processes involved in transitioning between these states, including mobility management procedures for UE movement within the network.
3G Drive Test Procedure_ By Md Joynal AbadenMd Joynal AbadenThe document discusses procedures for conducting a 3G drive test. It describes the objectives of drive testing as verifying RF design and identifying coverage and quality problems to optimize network performance. It outlines the necessary tools, including hardware like laptops, phones and GPS, and software like TEMS Investigation. It describes different types of drive tests, including site verification, rigging audits, and cluster optimization. Site verification involves checking performance metrics on a per-cell basis, while rigging audits validate antenna installation. Cluster optimization identifies problematic areas based on metrics like coverage, call drops and handover success rates.
Mohan r resumeMohan RamasamyMohan R has over 4 years of experience in telecom testing. He has expertise in testing technologies like LTE, VoIP, IMS and UMTS networks and protocols including NAS, S1AP, GTP, SIP and RTP. Currently he works as a senior system test engineer at Mavenir Systems where he is involved in testing the MME functionality through developing and executing test cases. Previously he worked on testing the AT&T VoLTE network through validating the SGW-PGW interface and features like dedicated bearer, default bearer and handovers. He is proficient with test tools like EAST, IXIA, HPQC, Wireshark and scripting languages.
2 g and 3g kpi improvement by parameter optimization (nsn, ericsson, huawei) ...Jean de la SagesseThe document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for 2G and 3G networks and how top telecom vendors like Ericsson, Huawei, and NSN optimize parameters to improve these KPIs. It outlines techniques for reducing TCH blocking, SD blocking, TCH drop, HOSR, TASR, SD drop, and improving paging success rate through actions like changing configuration parameters, enabling features, addressing hardware issues, and optimizing cells physically. The optimization of these parameters can help maintain balance between network throughput, capacity and radio quality while ensuring a seamless transition between 2G and 3G.
volte call flow - SIP IMS Call Flow - MO and MT Call - Volte Mobile originati...Vikas ShokeenThis document discusses the call flow process for a VoLTE call between two parties (A and B) using an LTE network. It involves the following key steps:
1. Party A's IMS network sends an SIP INVITE message to Party B's IMS network with an SDP offer to initiate the call.
2. Resources are reserved on the LTE networks for both parties. SDP negotiations take place to agree on a codec.
3. Once resources are reserved and preconditions met, Party B's phone will ring. When answered, Party B sends a SIP 200 OK message to complete the call setup.
4. The media path is then established between the two parties
MR101 CombinedNykki PorteousThis document provides an overview of mobile roaming concepts and processes. It discusses what roaming is, roaming databases, GSM vs CDMA networks, SIM cards and their components like IMSI and HNI. It also describes establishing roaming relationships for GSM networks, including finding partners and using Permanent Reference Documents like AA12 and AA13 that cover agreement management, supported services, billing, customer care, technical aspects, data privacy, and fraud prevention procedures. The document also includes sections on the RAEX agreement and the IR21 database report that contains network, routing, and technical configuration information.
VoLTE KPI Performance ExplainedVikas ShokeenWe are going to cover complete list of VoLTE IMS KPI and performance Indicators . This includes :-
VoLTE IMS Control Plane KPI
- RSR : Registration Success Ratio (%)
- CSSR : Call Setup Success Rate (%)
- CST : Call Setup Time (s)
- MHT/ACD : Average Call duration (s)
VoLTE IMS User Plane KPI
- Mute Rate (%)
- MOS Score (1-5)
- RTP Packet Loss (%)
- One Way Calls (%)
Packet Core 4G Network LTE KPI
- Volte Attach Success Rate (%)
- VoLTE QCI=5 Paging Success Rate (%)
- Dedicated Bearer Activation Success Rate (%)
- IMS IP POOL Utilization (%)
- Create Bearer Success Rate (%)
Radio VoLTE KPI
- Call Drop rate (%)
- SRVCC Success Rate (%)
- Handover SR (%)
Anr feature in lteLokendra RathoreThe document discusses Ericsson's Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) feature. It explains that ANR improves network performance and reduces maintenance by automatically detecting, adding, and setting up neighbor relations between cells. This allows seamless handovers and prevents dropped calls when sites go down. The document outlines how ANR works for intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT neighbor detection in LTE, UTRAN, and GERAN networks. It also describes ANR parameters, functions, and the affected network features.
Lte ho parameters trial_01262011Hatim100A study on the effect of handover parameters on the network performance will be done in a trial cluster (part of Cerritos)
The parameter change to be implemented as an iterative process with each drive and the results to be compared to analyze the effect of the parameters
1-NSA Basical Precedure Introduction -trainning 5G RADIO FREQUENCY EMERSON E...EMERSON EDUARDO RODRIGUES1. The document discusses NSA (non-standalone) architecture and mobility procedures, including SgNB addition, change, and release.
2. It describes the NSA anchoring feature which aims to keep UEs anchored to preferred anchor points as much as possible to improve user experience.
3. Key aspects of EN-DC carrier management and mobility are explained, such as independent anchor selection in both idle and connected modes.
Ethernet VPN - Layer 2 ScalabilityShivlu JainThe document proposes Ethernet VPN (E-VPN) as a solution to overcome scaling challenges with the existing Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) technology. E-VPN uses MPLS and BGP to transport layer 2 connectivity between data centers. It treats MAC addresses as routable addresses and uses MP-iBGP to distribute customer MAC addresses between edge routers. This allows for remote MAC learning and helps scale to thousands of MAC addresses. The document also describes how E-VPN uses Ethernet Segment IDs and split horizon labels to avoid layer 2 loops in multi-homing scenarios.
Cs fall backMuhammad Shehzad AshrafThis document provides an overview and detailed descriptions of Circuit Switched Fallback (CSFB) features in an evolved Radio Access Network (eRAN). It describes CSFB procedures for falling back from an LTE network to UTRAN or GERAN networks to support circuit switched services like voice calls. The document includes sections on CSFB architectures, handover decisions and executions, related interfaces, engineering guidelines, parameters and troubleshooting.
Ericsson MSC commandsAnthony UissoThe document describes the CDLCP command, which prints long duration call supervision data. It lists the command format, parameters, function, examples, and resulting printouts. The command has no parameters and prints data on long calls, including setup information and whether automatic disconnection is enabled.
NR SSB PresentationhmandalaThe document discusses key aspects of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) in 5G NR, including:
1) An SSB consists of PSS, SSS and PBCH which enable cell search and detection of physical layer cell ID.
2) SSBs are transmitted periodically with configurable periodicities and occupy 4 OFDM symbols in the time domain.
3) In the frequency domain, SSBs are transmitted on synchronization rasters called GSCNs which have wider steps than LTE to facilitate faster cell search.
VoLTE_SRVCC_E2ErevisedAmit DeshmukhThe document provides an overview of VoLTE and SRVCC functionality:
(1) It introduces IMS and defines key components like CSCF, HSS, and AS.
(2) It describes the VoLTE registration process between the UE and IMS network elements.
(3) It outlines the single radio voice call continuity (SRVCC) handover process for transferring a VoLTE call to a 3G network when the UE loses LTE coverage. This involves coordination between the MME, MSC, ATCF, and SCC AS.
Nokia gsm-kpi-analysis-based-on-daily-monitoring-basis-presentationmohammed khairyThis document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring a GSM network and reasons for and solutions to common issues. It provides relationships between different network elements and describes concepts like SD blocking, SD drop, TCH blocking, TCH assignment, TCH drop, and handover success rate (HOSR). For each KPI, it outlines potential causes for degradation and recommendations to address hardware faults, interference, parameter misconfiguration, and other problems.
The VoLTE User Experience--Better or WorseSailaja TennatiAs LTE networks start to mature across the world, more and more carriers are looking to introduce voice services on LTE networks using a technology called Voice over LTE (VoLTE). However, making sure the VoLTE user experience is as good as—or preferably better than—legacy 2G/3G voice services is very challenging.
This ݺߣShare presentation cover the following:
- How VoLTE is different from legacy wireless voice services
- The VoLTE user experience, and how to measure it
- Key elements of a successful test and verification strategy
3 g rf-opt-process.pptMd.Akm SahanshaThe document discusses radio frequency (RF) optimization for a cellular network. It describes using an RF scanner and user equipment (UE) measurements to analyze coverage, quality, pilot pollution, and uplink coverage. The results are analyzed using tools like Actix or Nemo Analyzer to identify issues and make recommendations for optimization. These may include changing antenna tilts, pans, heights or transmission powers to improve coverage areas and quality while reducing pilot pollution. Drive test data is also used to verify scanner measurements meet planned thresholds and identify problems like dropped calls or failures.
Handover call_flow in GSMvirender123243The document summarizes the GSM inter-BSC intra-MSC handover call flow where a mobile phone moves from the Rockville cell to the Bethesda cell while on a call. The Rockville BSC detects the mobile will have better signal in the Bethesda cell and sends a handover required message to the MSC. The MSC sends a handover request to the Bethesda BSC which allocates a channel. The Bethesda BSC sends a handover command to the mobile via the Rockville BSC. The mobile then tunes to the new channel and completes the handover while the call path is switched to maintain the call.
LtelocationandmobilitymanagementMorg The document discusses power management and mobility management in LTE. It describes two activity states for user equipment (UE) - connected mode and idle mode. In connected mode, the UE's radio is on and it is constantly communicating with the network. In idle mode, the UE turns off its transmitter and only listens periodically to conserve power. The document outlines the processes involved in transitioning between these states, including mobility management procedures for UE movement within the network.
3G Drive Test Procedure_ By Md Joynal AbadenMd Joynal AbadenThe document discusses procedures for conducting a 3G drive test. It describes the objectives of drive testing as verifying RF design and identifying coverage and quality problems to optimize network performance. It outlines the necessary tools, including hardware like laptops, phones and GPS, and software like TEMS Investigation. It describes different types of drive tests, including site verification, rigging audits, and cluster optimization. Site verification involves checking performance metrics on a per-cell basis, while rigging audits validate antenna installation. Cluster optimization identifies problematic areas based on metrics like coverage, call drops and handover success rates.
Mohan r resumeMohan RamasamyMohan R has over 4 years of experience in telecom testing. He has expertise in testing technologies like LTE, VoIP, IMS and UMTS networks and protocols including NAS, S1AP, GTP, SIP and RTP. Currently he works as a senior system test engineer at Mavenir Systems where he is involved in testing the MME functionality through developing and executing test cases. Previously he worked on testing the AT&T VoLTE network through validating the SGW-PGW interface and features like dedicated bearer, default bearer and handovers. He is proficient with test tools like EAST, IXIA, HPQC, Wireshark and scripting languages.
2 g and 3g kpi improvement by parameter optimization (nsn, ericsson, huawei) ...Jean de la SagesseThe document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for 2G and 3G networks and how top telecom vendors like Ericsson, Huawei, and NSN optimize parameters to improve these KPIs. It outlines techniques for reducing TCH blocking, SD blocking, TCH drop, HOSR, TASR, SD drop, and improving paging success rate through actions like changing configuration parameters, enabling features, addressing hardware issues, and optimizing cells physically. The optimization of these parameters can help maintain balance between network throughput, capacity and radio quality while ensuring a seamless transition between 2G and 3G.
volte call flow - SIP IMS Call Flow - MO and MT Call - Volte Mobile originati...Vikas ShokeenThis document discusses the call flow process for a VoLTE call between two parties (A and B) using an LTE network. It involves the following key steps:
1. Party A's IMS network sends an SIP INVITE message to Party B's IMS network with an SDP offer to initiate the call.
2. Resources are reserved on the LTE networks for both parties. SDP negotiations take place to agree on a codec.
3. Once resources are reserved and preconditions met, Party B's phone will ring. When answered, Party B sends a SIP 200 OK message to complete the call setup.
4. The media path is then established between the two parties
MR101 CombinedNykki PorteousThis document provides an overview of mobile roaming concepts and processes. It discusses what roaming is, roaming databases, GSM vs CDMA networks, SIM cards and their components like IMSI and HNI. It also describes establishing roaming relationships for GSM networks, including finding partners and using Permanent Reference Documents like AA12 and AA13 that cover agreement management, supported services, billing, customer care, technical aspects, data privacy, and fraud prevention procedures. The document also includes sections on the RAEX agreement and the IR21 database report that contains network, routing, and technical configuration information.
VoLTE KPI Performance ExplainedVikas ShokeenWe are going to cover complete list of VoLTE IMS KPI and performance Indicators . This includes :-
VoLTE IMS Control Plane KPI
- RSR : Registration Success Ratio (%)
- CSSR : Call Setup Success Rate (%)
- CST : Call Setup Time (s)
- MHT/ACD : Average Call duration (s)
VoLTE IMS User Plane KPI
- Mute Rate (%)
- MOS Score (1-5)
- RTP Packet Loss (%)
- One Way Calls (%)
Packet Core 4G Network LTE KPI
- Volte Attach Success Rate (%)
- VoLTE QCI=5 Paging Success Rate (%)
- Dedicated Bearer Activation Success Rate (%)
- IMS IP POOL Utilization (%)
- Create Bearer Success Rate (%)
Radio VoLTE KPI
- Call Drop rate (%)
- SRVCC Success Rate (%)
- Handover SR (%)
Anr feature in lteLokendra RathoreThe document discusses Ericsson's Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) feature. It explains that ANR improves network performance and reduces maintenance by automatically detecting, adding, and setting up neighbor relations between cells. This allows seamless handovers and prevents dropped calls when sites go down. The document outlines how ANR works for intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT neighbor detection in LTE, UTRAN, and GERAN networks. It also describes ANR parameters, functions, and the affected network features.
Lte ho parameters trial_01262011Hatim100A study on the effect of handover parameters on the network performance will be done in a trial cluster (part of Cerritos)
The parameter change to be implemented as an iterative process with each drive and the results to be compared to analyze the effect of the parameters
1-NSA Basical Precedure Introduction -trainning 5G RADIO FREQUENCY EMERSON E...EMERSON EDUARDO RODRIGUES1. The document discusses NSA (non-standalone) architecture and mobility procedures, including SgNB addition, change, and release.
2. It describes the NSA anchoring feature which aims to keep UEs anchored to preferred anchor points as much as possible to improve user experience.
3. Key aspects of EN-DC carrier management and mobility are explained, such as independent anchor selection in both idle and connected modes.
WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies 2015Parun RutjanathamrongThe WHO guideline provides recommendations for six policy interventions that countries can use to manage medicine prices:
1) Regulating mark-ups in the supply chain to incentivize affordable medicines.
2) Exempting essential medicines from taxation to improve access.
3) Replacing cost-plus pricing with alternative strategies like reference pricing.
4) Using external reference pricing as part of a strategy for negotiating prices.
5) Promoting generics through early market entry and multiple strategies to achieve low prices.
6) Using health technology assessment to support pricing decisions and in combination with reference pricing.
Key principles are adopting a combination of policies tailored to the context and making pricing transparent, supported, and regularly reviewed.