�ݺ�ߣ

Editor's Notes

• #2: Introduce yourself (name, background) Ask participants to introduce themselves (name, department) If time permits, ask participants to state their interest in coming to this workshop.
• #3: This workshop will go into detail how to best prepare, organize, and deliver a presentation. It is intended to give a clear and concise plan for making effective presentations. There will be time given to practice some of the tips that will be discussed. Several of these activities involve working with a partner or a small group. Take a moment now to get to know someone sitting near you. These participants will be your teammates and your presentation audience for this workshop.
• #4: Here you see the agenda for the next two hours. At the end of this presentation, you will be given an hour to plan how to facilitate this workshop at your institution.
• #7: There are many ways to prepare for a presentation. This workshop focuses on the five main points you see on this slide: ｷ  Content ｷ  Analyze the audience ｷ  Visual aids ｷ  Notes ｷ  Practice We will discuss each of these points individually.
• #8: Go over each bullet. ｷ  Be sure to use a level of language that all the participants in the workshop will understand. Define any vocabulary that may be new. ｷ  Predict what they may already know and then what they may need or want to know. This can be confirmed in the actual presentation. ｷ  Predict what they may expect to be told. ｷ  Explain more about what “presentation style” means: Presentation styles can use humor, be serious, or have frequent question/answer periods, for example. Who is your audience? What will keep them engaged? What types of materials, examples, demonstrations, visuals and details work best for them? Imagine that you will be giving a presentation about Yemen at Oregon State University. You have only 30 minutes. What main ideas do you think are important for your audience to know about? Please take a few minutes to practice narrowing your topic. After about 5-10 minutes, have participants share their results.
• #9: ｷ  Select a topic that you have some interest in and knowledge about. Narrow that topic so that it can be covered in depth in a timed presentation. (For example, the topic cars is too broad. It could be narrowed to “The Importance of Fuel Efficient Cars”.) ｷ  Research information to convey to the audience. ｷ  Make sure the audience knows why this topic is important. What are the presenter’s objectives? Decide on a limited number of main ideas to discuss
• #10: An important part of any presentation is good planning. A presenter should make a developed outline that includes detailed information and communicates the full content of the presentation. Having a visual outline will help organize the presentation. Please refer to this handout that shows you what a possible presentation plan might look like, and then how it might look with an actual topic. Note: If there is any remaining time at the end of this workshop, the participants could try creating their own presentation plans, using any either one of the topics they used to create their “openers” or choosing a topic of their own. An important part of any presentation is good planning. A presenter should make a developed outline that includes detailed information and communicates the full content of the presentation. Having a visual outline will help organize the presentation. Please refer to your handout that shows you what a possible presentation plan might look like. This handout shows a basic outline, and then how it might look with an actual topic. Note: If there is any remaining time at the end of this workshop, the participants could try creating their own presentation plans, using the narrowed Yemen topics they used to create their own “openers” and “closers.”
• #11: A good introduction has several important jobs in an effective presentation. Here you see these jobs listed: ｷ  It begins with what we call an “Opener” which grabs the audience’s attention and motivates them to listen . Possible openers could include: -A story -A startling statement -A quotation -A question -Some humor (a joke) -A demonstration (very short) -A personal experience -A statistic A good opener should always relate somehow to the topic. Turn the participants attention away from the slide and have them form groups of 2-3 persons. Please form groups of 2-3 persons and think of possible “openers” for their narrowed Yemen topics. You have 10 minutes, and then you will share your openers with the rest of the audience. Have the participants return their attention to the slide and the last 3 bullets. ｷ  After the opener, General Information the topic is introduced to give the participants some background knowledge. ｷ  The presenter should also reveal his or her intent, that is, explain why this topic was chosen and what the audience should do with this information. Finally, the presenter should reveal the main points that he or she will cover. 
• #12: The Body contains information that supports the purpose of the presentation. It is the longest part of the presentation. It consists of a limited number of main points (no more than 5) which are discussed in detail, using examples and illustrations.
• #13: The conclusion is a very important part of the presentation. It is the last thing the audience hears, so it is the last thing they remember. A speaker should leave the audience with a clear understanding of the information covered. Here you see the main jobs of a conclusion. Give participants a moment to read the slide. The final bullet mentions the need of a closing remark, or a “closer.” Closers are often similar to openers. They can be questions, stories, quotations, statistics, humor, statements that shock, poems, or personal experiences. They are often related to the “opener.” Closers are very short.
• #14: After you have identified, narrowed, and researched the topic, identified the main points that the audience needs to know, and then analyzed your audience, it will be time to determine what visual aids could be used. Visual aids add impact and interest to a presentation. Clear pictures, charts, or graphs help the audience understand and remember the speaker’s main points. Call the participant’s attention to the picture on this slide. In many studies, educators have found that three days after a presentation, people retain 10% of what they heard from an oral presentation, 35% from a visual presentation, and 65% from a visual and oral presentation. The four points listed here are guidelines to follow when planning a presentation: 1) This means that your visual aid should not be a copy of the speech, but rather a tool to support or further explain the main ideas. 2) Each participant must easily see the visual aid from all parts of the room. 3) Do not put too much information onto one visual aid. 4) Have paper handouts available, duplicating the information on the visual aid. Now that you have thought about the use of visual aids in presentations, please take a few minutes to think about what visual aids you could use in your presentation about Yemen. When you are finished, please share these ideas with the group. Then go to slide #11
• #15: After you have identified, narrowed, and researched the topic, identified the main points that the audience needs to know, and then analyzed your audience, it will be time to determine what visual aids could be used. Visual aids add impact and interest to a presentation. Clear pictures, charts, or graphs help the audience understand and remember the speaker’s main points. Call the participant’s attention to the picture on this slide. In many studies, educators have found that three days after a presentation, people retain 10% of what they heard from an oral presentation, 35% from a visual presentation, and 65% from a visual and oral presentation. The four points listed here are guidelines to follow when planning a presentation: 1) This means that your visual aid should not be a copy of the speech, but rather a tool to support or further explain the main ideas. 2) Each participant must easily see the visual aid from all parts of the room. 3) Do not put too much information onto one visual aid. 4) Have paper handouts available, duplicating the information on the visual aid. Now that you have thought about the use of visual aids in presentations, please take a few minutes to think about what visual aids you could use in your presentation about Yemen. When you are finished, please share these ideas with the group. Then go to slide #11
• #16: Now let’s get back to our discussion about preparing for a presentation. It is not interesting to listen to a presenter read from a prepared script. With sufficient practice, an effective presenter will become familiar with the facts and words of the speech, so that only visual aids and note cards are necessary. The presenter can then refer to the card and aids, but not directly read from them. Give participants a moment to read and study this slide on their own
• #17: Read the following comments, which correspond with the bullets on the slide: ｷ  As a presenter, you want to make sure you present your ideas clearly and in a style that is interesting to the listeners. This takes practice. ｷ  If possible, practice in front of a friend, family member, or colleague. ｷ  Make sure that your presentation fits into the time frame. ｷ  Practice with your visual aids. Make whatever changes are necessary.
• #18: Read the following comments, which correspond with the bullets on the slide: ｷ  As a presenter, you want to make sure you present your ideas clearly and in a style that is interesting to the listeners. This takes practice. ｷ  If possible, practice in front of a friend, family member, or colleague. ｷ  Make sure that your presentation fits into the time frame. ｷ  Practice with your visual aids. Make whatever changes are necessary.
• #21: Now that the presentation has been prepared and practiced, it is time to focus on the delivery of the material. The following points are important to keep in mind: (These numbers go with the numbers on the power point slide) This can be done using voice, attitude, enthusiasm and facial expressions. Think about what you find interesting or exciting in the material. This holds the audience’s attention and helps get nonverbal feedback. Use appropriate English (or Arabic) level for audience. Speak loudly enough to be heard in every part of the room. Or repeat important ideas. Remember #2! Eye contact with audience members….all audience members. Do not rush.
• #22: Now that the presentation has been prepared and practiced, it is time to focus on the delivery of the material. The following points are important to keep in mind: (These numbers go with the numbers on the power point slide) This can be done using voice, attitude, enthusiasm and facial expressions. Think about what you find interesting or exciting in the material. This holds the audience’s attention and helps get nonverbal feedback. Use appropriate English (or Arabic) level for audience. Speak loudly enough to be heard in every part of the room. Or repeat important ideas. Remember #2! Eye contact with audience members….all audience members. Do not rush.
• #23: Now that the presentation has been prepared and practiced, it is time to focus on the delivery of the material. The following points are important to keep in mind: (These numbers go with the numbers on the power point slide) This can be done using voice, attitude, enthusiasm and facial expressions. Think about what you find interesting or exciting in the material. This holds the audience’s attention and helps get nonverbal feedback. Use appropriate English (or Arabic) level for audience. Speak loudly enough to be heard in every part of the room. Or repeat important ideas. Remember #2! Eye contact with audience members….all audience members. Do not rush.
• #24: Now that the presentation has been prepared and practiced, it is time to focus on the delivery of the material. The following points are important to keep in mind: (These numbers go with the numbers on the power point slide) This can be done using voice, attitude, enthusiasm and facial expressions. Think about what you find interesting or exciting in the material. This holds the audience’s attention and helps get nonverbal feedback. Use appropriate English (or Arabic) level for audience. Speak loudly enough to be heard in every part of the room. Or repeat important ideas. Remember #2! Eye contact with audience members….all audience members. Do not rush.
• #25: Now that the presentation has been prepared and practiced, it is time to focus on the delivery of the material. The following points are important to keep in mind: (These numbers go with the numbers on the power point slide) This can be done using voice, attitude, enthusiasm and facial expressions. Think about what you find interesting or exciting in the material. This holds the audience’s attention and helps get nonverbal feedback. Use appropriate English (or Arabic) level for audience. Speak loudly enough to be heard in every part of the room. Or repeat important ideas. Remember #2! Eye contact with audience members….all audience members. Do not rush.
• #27: Now that the presentation has been prepared and practiced, it is time to focus on the delivery of the material. The following points are important to keep in mind: (These numbers go with the numbers on the power point slide) This can be done using voice, attitude, enthusiasm and facial expressions. Think about what you find interesting or exciting in the material. This holds the audience’s attention and helps get nonverbal feedback. Use appropriate English (or Arabic) level for audience. Speak loudly enough to be heard in every part of the room. Or repeat important ideas. Remember #2! Eye contact with audience members….all audience members. Do not rush.