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Ss project civics

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Yash Chopra

The document summarizes the hierarchy of the Indian judiciary. It begins with the Supreme Court of India, which was established in 1950 and acts as the highest court with the power of judicial review. Below the Supreme Court are the various High Courts of each state and union territory. The High Courts preside over district courts, which are the lowest level of courts and handle both civil and criminal cases from their district. The judiciary is independent of the executive and legislative branches according to the Constitution of India.

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PRESENTATION BY NAME - YASH R CHOPRA STD - 8 C ROLLNO - 12 SUBJECT - SOCIAL SCIENCE(CIVICS) TAUGHT BY - MRS.PALLAVI NAIR TOPIC - S.S FA-2 (PROJECT) SUB. DATE - 20-03-2013 NEXT
THE JUDICIARY The Indian Judiciary is partly a continuation of the British legal system established by the English in the mid-19th century based on a typical hybrid legal system in which customs, precedents and legislative law have validity of law. The Role of Judiciary in India The Judiciary The Role of Judiciary in India In a democratic country like India, the role of judiciary is significant. It is required to promote justice in adjudicatory process . Judiciary can promote social justice through its judgments. Otherwise common man will suffer a lot. In a democracy, the role of judiciary is crucial. Our Indian judiciary can be regarded as a creative judiciary. Justice K.G. Balakrishnan explains the function of the judiciary as: - It is a balancing wheel of the federation; It keeps equilibrium between fundamental rights and social justice; Main function -To equal the rights for all and thus maintain law and order + punish the accused accordingly. NEXT
HIERARCHY OF JUDICIARY IN INDIA The Constitution of India is the supreme legal document of the country. There are various levels of judiciary in India different types of courts. They form a strict hierarchy of importance, in line with the order of the courts in which they sit, with the Supreme Court of India at the top, followed by High Courts of respective states with district judges sitting in District Courts and Magistrates of Second Class and Civil Judge (Junior Division) at the bottom. Courts hear criminal and civil cases, including disputes between individuals and the government. The Indian judiciary is independent of the executive and legislative branches of Government NEXT
SUPREME COURT OF INDIA On 28 January 1950, two days after India's constitution came into force, the Supreme Court of India was founded in Delhi. The Supreme Court of India comprises the Chief Justice and 25 other Judges appointed by the President of India. Supreme Court Judges retire upon attaining the age of 65 years. In order to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court, a person must be a citizen of India and must have been, for at least five years, a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession, or an Advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession for at least 10 years or he must be, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist. The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of the land as established by of the Constitution of India. According to the Constitution of India, the role of the Supreme Court is that of a federal court, guardian of the Constitution and the NEXT highest court of appeal.
HIGH COURTS OF INDIA The Constitution of India mandates that they are bound by the judgments and orders of the Supreme Court of India by precedence. These courts have jurisdiction over a state, a union territory or a group of states and union territories. Below the High Courts are a hierarchy of subordinate courts such as the civil courts, criminal courts and district courts. High Courts are instituted as constitutional courts under the Indian Constitution. There are 21 High Courts at the State level. The High Courts are the principal civil courts of original jurisdiction in the state along with District Courts which are subordinate to the High courts.High courts exercise their original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the courts subordinate to the High court in the state are not competent to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original. Primarily the work of most High Courts consists of Appeals from lower courts and writ petitions in terms of the Constitution of India. Writ Jurisdiction is also original jurisdiction of High Court. Judges in a High Court are appointed by the Chief Justice of India and the governor of the state. NEXT
DISTRICT COURTS OF INDIA The District Courts of India are established by the State governments in India for every district or for one or more districts together taking into account the number of cases, population distribution in the district. They administer justice in India at a district level. These courts are under administrative control of the High Court of the State to which the district concerned belongs. The decisions of District court are subject to the appellate jurisdiction of the concerned High court. The district court is presided over by one District Judge appointed by the state Government. In addition to the district judge there may be number of Additional District Judges and Assistant District Judges depending on the workload. The district court has appellate jurisdiction over all subordinate courts situated in the district on both civil and criminal matters. Subordinate courts, on the civil side (in ascending order) are, Junior Civil Judge Court, Principal Junior Civil Judge Court, Senior Civil Judge Court (also called sub-court). Subordinate courts, on the criminal side (in ascending order) are, Second Class Judicial Magistrate Court, First Class Judicial Magistrate Court, Chief Judicial Magistrate Court. NEXT
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Ss project civics

  • 1. PRESENTATION BY NAME - YASH R CHOPRA STD - 8 C ROLLNO - 12 SUBJECT - SOCIAL SCIENCE(CIVICS) TAUGHT BY - MRS.PALLAVI NAIR TOPIC - S.S FA-2 (PROJECT) SUB. DATE - 20-03-2013 NEXT
  • 2. THE JUDICIARY The Indian Judiciary is partly a continuation of the British legal system established by the English in the mid-19th century based on a typical hybrid legal system in which customs, precedents and legislative law have validity of law. The Role of Judiciary in India The Judiciary The Role of Judiciary in India In a democratic country like India, the role of judiciary is significant. It is required to promote justice in adjudicatory process . Judiciary can promote social justice through its judgments. Otherwise common man will suffer a lot. In a democracy, the role of judiciary is crucial. Our Indian judiciary can be regarded as a creative judiciary. Justice K.G. Balakrishnan explains the function of the judiciary as: - It is a balancing wheel of the federation; It keeps equilibrium between fundamental rights and social justice; Main function -To equal the rights for all and thus maintain law and order + punish the accused accordingly. NEXT
  • 3. HIERARCHY OF JUDICIARY IN INDIA The Constitution of India is the supreme legal document of the country. There are various levels of judiciary in India different types of courts. They form a strict hierarchy of importance, in line with the order of the courts in which they sit, with the Supreme Court of India at the top, followed by High Courts of respective states with district judges sitting in District Courts and Magistrates of Second Class and Civil Judge (Junior Division) at the bottom. Courts hear criminal and civil cases, including disputes between individuals and the government. The Indian judiciary is independent of the executive and legislative branches of Government NEXT
  • 4. SUPREME COURT OF INDIA On 28 January 1950, two days after India's constitution came into force, the Supreme Court of India was founded in Delhi. The Supreme Court of India comprises the Chief Justice and 25 other Judges appointed by the President of India. Supreme Court Judges retire upon attaining the age of 65 years. In order to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court, a person must be a citizen of India and must have been, for at least five years, a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession, or an Advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession for at least 10 years or he must be, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist. The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of the land as established by of the Constitution of India. According to the Constitution of India, the role of the Supreme Court is that of a federal court, guardian of the Constitution and the NEXT highest court of appeal.
  • 5. HIGH COURTS OF INDIA The Constitution of India mandates that they are bound by the judgments and orders of the Supreme Court of India by precedence. These courts have jurisdiction over a state, a union territory or a group of states and union territories. Below the High Courts are a hierarchy of subordinate courts such as the civil courts, criminal courts and district courts. High Courts are instituted as constitutional courts under the Indian Constitution. There are 21 High Courts at the State level. The High Courts are the principal civil courts of original jurisdiction in the state along with District Courts which are subordinate to the High courts.High courts exercise their original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the courts subordinate to the High court in the state are not competent to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original. Primarily the work of most High Courts consists of Appeals from lower courts and writ petitions in terms of the Constitution of India. Writ Jurisdiction is also original jurisdiction of High Court. Judges in a High Court are appointed by the Chief Justice of India and the governor of the state. NEXT
  • 6. DISTRICT COURTS OF INDIA The District Courts of India are established by the State governments in India for every district or for one or more districts together taking into account the number of cases, population distribution in the district. They administer justice in India at a district level. These courts are under administrative control of the High Court of the State to which the district concerned belongs. The decisions of District court are subject to the appellate jurisdiction of the concerned High court. The district court is presided over by one District Judge appointed by the state Government. In addition to the district judge there may be number of Additional District Judges and Assistant District Judges depending on the workload. The district court has appellate jurisdiction over all subordinate courts situated in the district on both civil and criminal matters. Subordinate courts, on the civil side (in ascending order) are, Junior Civil Judge Court, Principal Junior Civil Judge Court, Senior Civil Judge Court (also called sub-court). Subordinate courts, on the criminal side (in ascending order) are, Second Class Judicial Magistrate Court, First Class Judicial Magistrate Court, Chief Judicial Magistrate Court. NEXT