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Status Of Essential Oil Production In Chhattisgarh

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Nikunj Harlalka

The document discusses essential oil production in the state of Chhattisgarh, India. It outlines the major essential oils produced, which are nagarmotha, palmarosa, citronella, lemongrass, and eucalyptus citriodora. It provides details on production quantities, prices, and cultivation practices for each of these oils. The document also briefly lists some minor essential oils produced in Chhattisgarh through wild collection and cultivation. These include frankincense, benzoin, calamus, vetiver, patchouli, and others.

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Status of Essential Oil Production in Chhattisgarh: Present & Future As the consumer is demanding more traceability, community based projects in the country is ready to revive and re-invent the Indian essential oil Industry. The article gives an overview of the essential oil production in chhattigarh, a newly formed state in central India at its grassroots and how the marginalized section of the Indian society is influencing dynamics of production. Chhattisgarh State, with Raipur as its capital came into existence on 1st November, 2000 by carving 16 districts of Chhattisgarh region from the erstwhile state of Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh is divided into three distinct agro-cimatic zone viz a. Northern Hill Zones: 900m b. Chhattisgarh Plains: 300m c. Bastar Plateau: 600m In the north of the state are the mighty Satpura Ranges, in the center the plains with River Mahanadi and its tributaries and is the south is the plateau of Bastar. Agri-climatically, the state has immense potential for development of all kinds of Aromatic crops. Apart from the agro-climatic conditions other factors which make Chhattisgarh a lucrative destination for setting up an Essential Oil Industry are • No Sales Tax on Essential oil Sale/Purchase • One of the cheapest un-skilled Labour in the country • Land suitable for perennial aromatic grasses • Hindi Speaking State • Largely Peace Loving People contrary to the picture portrayed by the Media Once India’s food production targets were met in 2002, the government launched National Horticulture Mission. This mission aimed at increasing production of horticulture products. Since fruit trees had a gestation time of 4-5 years, the aromatics crops became the preferred choice. Intercropping aromatic crops in fruit orchards thus gained popularity. Some Industrial houses in the country leverages this opportunity and entered into tri-party agreement with the State Horticulture Mission more commonly referred to as the buy-back agreement for purchase of Essential Oils. Some aromatic crops like vetiver and patchouli which required skilled processing were purchased in biomass form and processed in a centralized processing unit setup by private companies. At present extension of aromatic crops is being done under the following government run programs. • National Horticulture Mission • National Medicinal Plant Mission • Wadi Yogna (NABARD) – Only for Tribals • National Rural Employment Gurantee Act • National Watershed Mission
I. MAJOR OILS 1. NARARMOTHA (cyprus scariosus) Nagarmotha Oil has been the flagship essential oil of Chhattisgarh and has been distilled from Nagarmotha roots obtained from the wild. It is an obnoxious weed which can be found growing on the banks of rivulets which become visible once the water starts receding down after monsoon. Nagarmotha weeds on banks of rivulets Collection Cleaning Storage Nagarmotha is one of the most important NTFP (Non-timber forest Produce) from Chhattsigarh and is also a major source of cash income for locals. Nagarmotha roots cleaned, dried and stored by collectors and are sold at weekly markets to traders as and when cash is required. Production of Roots per Annum…...? 8000 MT Production of Essential Oil…............? 4 MT Average Price………………………..? Rs.7800/Kg
2. PALMAROSA (cymbopogon martini) Nursery Matured Plantation Harvested Grass Charging Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
3. CITONELLA (cymbopogon winteranius) Harvested Field After Hoeing & Fertigation Infected Plantation Just Planted Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
4. LEMONGRASS (cymbopogon flexuous) Slip Preparation before planting Point of Sale Double Tank units popular in some area Lemongrass As Intercrop with Basil Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
5. EUCALYPTUS CITRIODORA Un-harvested 1 Year Old Plantation 2 Months Old Tree Nursery Citriodora on Forest Land Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
II. MINOR OILS Wild Collection Cultivated Frankincense Basil Benzoin Vetiver Calamus Jamarosa Van Tulsa Eucalyptus Globulus Lac (Aluretic Acid) Patchouli Frankincense Tree Patchouli as Intercrop with Banana Vetiver Basil as Intercrop with Jamarosa

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Status Of Essential Oil Production In Chhattisgarh

  • 1. Status of Essential Oil Production in Chhattisgarh: Present & Future As the consumer is demanding more traceability, community based projects in the country is ready to revive and re-invent the Indian essential oil Industry. The article gives an overview of the essential oil production in chhattigarh, a newly formed state in central India at its grassroots and how the marginalized section of the Indian society is influencing dynamics of production. Chhattisgarh State, with Raipur as its capital came into existence on 1st November, 2000 by carving 16 districts of Chhattisgarh region from the erstwhile state of Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh is divided into three distinct agro-cimatic zone viz a. Northern Hill Zones: 900m b. Chhattisgarh Plains: 300m c. Bastar Plateau: 600m In the north of the state are the mighty Satpura Ranges, in the center the plains with River Mahanadi and its tributaries and is the south is the plateau of Bastar. Agri-climatically, the state has immense potential for development of all kinds of Aromatic crops. Apart from the agro-climatic conditions other factors which make Chhattisgarh a lucrative destination for setting up an Essential Oil Industry are • No Sales Tax on Essential oil Sale/Purchase • One of the cheapest un-skilled Labour in the country • Land suitable for perennial aromatic grasses • Hindi Speaking State • Largely Peace Loving People contrary to the picture portrayed by the Media Once India’s food production targets were met in 2002, the government launched National Horticulture Mission. This mission aimed at increasing production of horticulture products. Since fruit trees had a gestation time of 4-5 years, the aromatics crops became the preferred choice. Intercropping aromatic crops in fruit orchards thus gained popularity. Some Industrial houses in the country leverages this opportunity and entered into tri-party agreement with the State Horticulture Mission more commonly referred to as the buy-back agreement for purchase of Essential Oils. Some aromatic crops like vetiver and patchouli which required skilled processing were purchased in biomass form and processed in a centralized processing unit setup by private companies. At present extension of aromatic crops is being done under the following government run programs. • National Horticulture Mission • National Medicinal Plant Mission • Wadi Yogna (NABARD) – Only for Tribals • National Rural Employment Gurantee Act • National Watershed Mission
  • 2. I. MAJOR OILS 1. NARARMOTHA (cyprus scariosus) Nagarmotha Oil has been the flagship essential oil of Chhattisgarh and has been distilled from Nagarmotha roots obtained from the wild. It is an obnoxious weed which can be found growing on the banks of rivulets which become visible once the water starts receding down after monsoon. Nagarmotha weeds on banks of rivulets Collection Cleaning Storage Nagarmotha is one of the most important NTFP (Non-timber forest Produce) from Chhattsigarh and is also a major source of cash income for locals. Nagarmotha roots cleaned, dried and stored by collectors and are sold at weekly markets to traders as and when cash is required. Production of Roots per Annum…...? 8000 MT Production of Essential Oil…............? 4 MT Average Price………………………..? Rs.7800/Kg
  • 3. 2. PALMAROSA (cymbopogon martini) Nursery Matured Plantation Harvested Grass Charging Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
  • 4. 3. CITONELLA (cymbopogon winteranius) Harvested Field After Hoeing & Fertigation Infected Plantation Just Planted Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
  • 5. 4. LEMONGRASS (cymbopogon flexuous) Slip Preparation before planting Point of Sale Double Tank units popular in some area Lemongrass As Intercrop with Basil Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
  • 6. 5. EUCALYPTUS CITRIODORA Un-harvested 1 Year Old Plantation 2 Months Old Tree Nursery Citriodora on Forest Land Crop Palmrosa Citronella Lemongrass E.Citriodora Attributes Successful Variety……….? PRC-1 Jal-Pallavi Krishna CIMAP Duration of Crop.............? 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 4 Yrs 25 Yrs No of Harvests / Yr ……...? 2 3 3-4 2 Total Acreage Nov-2011…? 570 435 1600 1100 Total Production in 2011..? 26 MT 30 MT 125 MT 60 MT Average Price/Kg in 2011? Rs.1700 Rs.860/Kg Rs.680/Kg Rs.740/kg
  • 7. II. MINOR OILS Wild Collection Cultivated Frankincense Basil Benzoin Vetiver Calamus Jamarosa Van Tulsa Eucalyptus Globulus Lac (Aluretic Acid) Patchouli Frankincense Tree Patchouli as Intercrop with Banana Vetiver Basil as Intercrop with Jamarosa