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Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center: British Hawker Hurricane, with P-38 Lightning and B-29 Enola Gay behind it

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Daryel Mafty
Daryel Mafty

The document summarizes information about three aircraft displayed at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center: a British Hawker Hurricane Mk IIC fighter from 1944, the B-29 Enola Gay bomber that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945, and a Lockheed P-38J Lightning twin-engine fighter from 1943. It provides details on each aircraft's origins, dimensions, materials, physical descriptions, and roles in World War II.

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Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center: British Hawker Hurricane, with P-38 Lightning and B-29 Enola Gay behind it Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Hawker Hurricane Mk. IIC: Hawker Chief Designer Sydney Camm’s Hurricane ranks with the most important aircraft designs in military aviation history. Designed in the late 1930s, when monoplanes were considered unstable and too radical to be successful, the Hurricane was the first British monoplane fighter and the first British fighter to exceed 483 kilometers (300 miles) per hour in level flight. Hurricane pilots fought the Luftwaffe and helped win the Battle of Britain in the summer of 1940. This Mark IIC was built at the Langley factory, near what is now Heathrow Airport, early in 1944. It served as a training aircraft during the World War II in the Royal Air Force’s 41 OTU. Donated by the Royal Air Force Museum Manufacturer: Hawker Aircraft Ltd. Date: 1944 Country of Origin: United Kingdom Dimensions: Wingspan: 12.2 m (40 ft) Length: 9.8 m (32 ft 3 in) Height: 4 m (13 ft) Weight, empty: 2,624 kg (5,785 lb) Weight, gross: 3,951 kg (8,710 lb) 1/4
Top speed:538 km/h (334 mph) Engine:Rolls-Royce Merlin XX, liquid-cooled in-line V, 1,300 hp Armament:four 20 mm Hispano cannons Ordnance:two 250-lb or two 500-lb bombs or eight 3-in rockets Materials: Fuselage: Steel tube with aircraft spruce forms and fabric, aluminum cowling Wings: Stressed Skin Aluminum Horizontal Stablizer: Stress Skin aluminum Rudder: fabric covered aluminum Control Surfaces: fabric covered aluminum Physical Description: Hawker Hurricane Mk. IIC single seat, low wing monoplane ground attack fighter; enclosed cockpit; steel tube fuselage with aircraft spruce forms and fabric, aluminum cowling, stressed skin aluminum wings and horizontal stablizer, fabric covered aluminum rudder and control surfaces; grey green camoflage top surface paint scheme with dove grey underside; red and blue national roundel on upper wing surface and red, white, and blue roundel lower wing surface; red, white, blue, and yellow roundel fuselage sides; red, white and blue tail flash; Rolls-Royce Merlin XX, liquid cooled V-12, 1,280 horsepower engine; Armament, 4: 20mm Hispano cannons. ••••• Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Boeing B-29 Superfortress "Enola Gay": Boeing’s B-29 Superfortress was the most sophisticated propeller-driven bomber of World War II and the first bomber to house its crew in pressurized compartments. Although designed to fight in the European theater, the B-29 found its niche on the other side of the globe. In the Pacific, B-29s delivered a variety of aerial weapons: conventional bombs, incendiary bombs, mines, and two nuclear weapons. On August 6, 1945, this Martin-built B-29-45-MO dropped the first atomic weapon used in combat on Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later, Bockscar (on display at the U.S. Air Force Museum near Dayton, Ohio) dropped a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan. Enola Gay flew as the advance weather reconnaissance aircraft that day. A third B-29, The Great Artiste, flew as an observation aircraft on both missions. Transferred from the United States Air Force. Manufacturer: Boeing Aircraft Co. Martin Co., Omaha, Nebr. Date: 1945 2/4
Country of Origin: United States of America Dimensions: Overall: 900 x 3020cm, 32580kg, 4300cm (29ft 6 5/16in. x 99ft 1in., 71825.9lb., 141ft 15/16in.) Materials: Polished overall aluminum finish Physical Description: Four-engine heavy bomber with semi-monoqoque fuselage and high-aspect ratio wings. Polished aluminum finish overall, standard late-World War II Army Air Forces insignia on wings and aft fuselage and serial number on vertical fin; 509th Composite Group markings painted in black; "Enola Gay" in black, block letters on lower left nose. ••••• Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Lockheed P-38J-10-LO Lightning: In the P-38 Lockheed engineer Clarence "Kelly" Johnson and his team of designers created one of the most successful twin-engine fighters ever flown by any nation. From 1942 to 1945, U. S. Army Air Forces pilots flew P-38s over Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Pacific, and from the frozen Aleutian Islands to the sun-baked deserts of North Africa. Lightning pilots in the Pacific theater downed more Japanese aircraft than pilots flying any other Allied warplane. Maj. Richard I. Bong, America’s leading fighter ace, flew this P-38J-10-LO on April 16, 1945, at Wright Field, Ohio, to evaluate an experimental method of interconnecting the movement of the throttle and propeller control levers. However, his right engine exploded in flight before he could conduct the experiment. Transferred from the United States Air Force. Manufacturer: Lockheed Aircraft Company Date: 1943 Country of Origin: United States of America Dimensions: Overall: 390 x 1170cm, 6345kg, 1580cm (12ft 9 9/16in. x 38ft 4 5/8in., 13988.2lb., 51ft 10 1/16in.) Materials: 3/4
All-metal Physical Description: Twin-tail boom and twin-engine fighter; tricycle landing gear. Blog this! Bookmark on Delicious Digg this post Recommend on Facebook Share on FriendFeed Buzz it up Share on Linkedin Share via MySpace Share on Orkut Share on Posterous share via Reddit Share with Stumblers Share on technorati Tumblr it Tweet about it Buzz it up Subscribe to the comments on this post 4/4 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center: British Hawker Hurricane, with P-38 Lightning and B-29 Enola Gay behind it

  • 1. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center: British Hawker Hurricane, with P-38 Lightning and B-29 Enola Gay behind it Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Hawker Hurricane Mk. IIC: Hawker Chief Designer Sydney Camm’s Hurricane ranks with the most important aircraft designs in military aviation history. Designed in the late 1930s, when monoplanes were considered unstable and too radical to be successful, the Hurricane was the first British monoplane fighter and the first British fighter to exceed 483 kilometers (300 miles) per hour in level flight. Hurricane pilots fought the Luftwaffe and helped win the Battle of Britain in the summer of 1940. This Mark IIC was built at the Langley factory, near what is now Heathrow Airport, early in 1944. It served as a training aircraft during the World War II in the Royal Air Force’s 41 OTU. Donated by the Royal Air Force Museum Manufacturer: Hawker Aircraft Ltd. Date: 1944 Country of Origin: United Kingdom Dimensions: Wingspan: 12.2 m (40 ft) Length: 9.8 m (32 ft 3 in) Height: 4 m (13 ft) Weight, empty: 2,624 kg (5,785 lb) Weight, gross: 3,951 kg (8,710 lb) 1/4
  • 2. Top speed:538 km/h (334 mph) Engine:Rolls-Royce Merlin XX, liquid-cooled in-line V, 1,300 hp Armament:four 20 mm Hispano cannons Ordnance:two 250-lb or two 500-lb bombs or eight 3-in rockets Materials: Fuselage: Steel tube with aircraft spruce forms and fabric, aluminum cowling Wings: Stressed Skin Aluminum Horizontal Stablizer: Stress Skin aluminum Rudder: fabric covered aluminum Control Surfaces: fabric covered aluminum Physical Description: Hawker Hurricane Mk. IIC single seat, low wing monoplane ground attack fighter; enclosed cockpit; steel tube fuselage with aircraft spruce forms and fabric, aluminum cowling, stressed skin aluminum wings and horizontal stablizer, fabric covered aluminum rudder and control surfaces; grey green camoflage top surface paint scheme with dove grey underside; red and blue national roundel on upper wing surface and red, white, and blue roundel lower wing surface; red, white, blue, and yellow roundel fuselage sides; red, white and blue tail flash; Rolls-Royce Merlin XX, liquid cooled V-12, 1,280 horsepower engine; Armament, 4: 20mm Hispano cannons. ••••• Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Boeing B-29 Superfortress "Enola Gay": Boeing’s B-29 Superfortress was the most sophisticated propeller-driven bomber of World War II and the first bomber to house its crew in pressurized compartments. Although designed to fight in the European theater, the B-29 found its niche on the other side of the globe. In the Pacific, B-29s delivered a variety of aerial weapons: conventional bombs, incendiary bombs, mines, and two nuclear weapons. On August 6, 1945, this Martin-built B-29-45-MO dropped the first atomic weapon used in combat on Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later, Bockscar (on display at the U.S. Air Force Museum near Dayton, Ohio) dropped a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan. Enola Gay flew as the advance weather reconnaissance aircraft that day. A third B-29, The Great Artiste, flew as an observation aircraft on both missions. Transferred from the United States Air Force. Manufacturer: Boeing Aircraft Co. Martin Co., Omaha, Nebr. Date: 1945 2/4
  • 3. Country of Origin: United States of America Dimensions: Overall: 900 x 3020cm, 32580kg, 4300cm (29ft 6 5/16in. x 99ft 1in., 71825.9lb., 141ft 15/16in.) Materials: Polished overall aluminum finish Physical Description: Four-engine heavy bomber with semi-monoqoque fuselage and high-aspect ratio wings. Polished aluminum finish overall, standard late-World War II Army Air Forces insignia on wings and aft fuselage and serial number on vertical fin; 509th Composite Group markings painted in black; "Enola Gay" in black, block letters on lower left nose. ••••• Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Lockheed P-38J-10-LO Lightning: In the P-38 Lockheed engineer Clarence "Kelly" Johnson and his team of designers created one of the most successful twin-engine fighters ever flown by any nation. From 1942 to 1945, U. S. Army Air Forces pilots flew P-38s over Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Pacific, and from the frozen Aleutian Islands to the sun-baked deserts of North Africa. Lightning pilots in the Pacific theater downed more Japanese aircraft than pilots flying any other Allied warplane. Maj. Richard I. Bong, America’s leading fighter ace, flew this P-38J-10-LO on April 16, 1945, at Wright Field, Ohio, to evaluate an experimental method of interconnecting the movement of the throttle and propeller control levers. However, his right engine exploded in flight before he could conduct the experiment. Transferred from the United States Air Force. Manufacturer: Lockheed Aircraft Company Date: 1943 Country of Origin: United States of America Dimensions: Overall: 390 x 1170cm, 6345kg, 1580cm (12ft 9 9/16in. x 38ft 4 5/8in., 13988.2lb., 51ft 10 1/16in.) Materials: 3/4
  • 4. All-metal Physical Description: Twin-tail boom and twin-engine fighter; tricycle landing gear. Blog this! Bookmark on Delicious Digg this post Recommend on Facebook Share on FriendFeed Buzz it up Share on Linkedin Share via MySpace Share on Orkut Share on Posterous share via Reddit Share with Stumblers Share on technorati Tumblr it Tweet about it Buzz it up Subscribe to the comments on this post 4/4 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)