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RECRUITMENT
AND
SELECTION

Recruitment
 Is the process of searching
or attracting candidates for
employment and stimulating
them to apply for jobs in the
organization.

Recruitment Process
 The recruitment and selection
is the major function of the
human resource department
and recruitment process is the
first step towards creating the
competitive strength and the
strategic advantage for the
organizations.

1. Identify vacancy
2. Preparing the job description and person specification
3. Advertising the vacancy
4. Managing the response
5. Short-listing and identifying the prospective employee
with required characteristics
6. Arranging the interviews with the selected candidates
7. Conducting interview and decision making

Internal Sources of Recruitment
 Transfer - the employees are transferred from one
department to another according to their efficiency and
experience.
 Promotions - the employees are promoted from one
department to another with more benefits and greater
responsibility based on efficiency and experience.
 Upgrading and Demotion of present employees according
to their performance.
 Retired and Retrenched employees may also be recruited
once again in case of shortage of qualified personnel or
increase in load of work. Recruitment such people Save
time and costs of the organizations as the people are
already aware of the organizational culture and the policies
and procedures.
 The dependents and relatives of Deceased employees and
Disabled employees are also done by many companies so
that the members of the family do not become dependent
on the mercy of others.

External Sources of Recruitment

 Press Advertisement - advertisements of the vacancy in
newspapers and journals are a widely used source of recruitment.
The main advantage of this method is that it has a wide reach.
 Educational Institutes - various management institutes,
engineering colleges, medical Colleges etc. are a good source of
recruiting well qualified executives, engineers, medical staff etc.
They provide facilities for campus interviews and placements. This
source is known as Campus Recruitment.
 Placement Agencies - several private consultancy firms
perform recruitment functions on behalf of client companies by
charging a fee. These Agencies are particularly suitable for
recruitment of executives and specialists. It is also known as RPO
(Recruitment Process Outsourcing).
 Employment Exchanges - government establishes public
employment exchanges throughout the country. These exchanges
provide job information to job seekers and help employers in
identifying suitable candidates.

 Labour Contractors - manual workers can be recruited
through contractors who maintain close contacts with the
sources of such workers. This source is used to recruit labour
for construction jobs.
 Unsolicited Applicants - many job seekers visit the office of
well-known companies on their own. Such callers are
considered nuisance to the daily work routine of the
enterprise. But can help in creating the talent pool or the
database of the probable candidates for the organization.
 Employment Referrals/ Recommendations - many
organizations have structured system where the current
employees of the organization can refer their friends and
relatives for some position in their organization.
 Recruitment at Factory Gate - unskilled workers may be
recruited at the factory gate these may be employed whenever
a permanent worker is absent. More efficient among these
may be recruited to fill permanent vacancies.

Internal Factors Affecting Recruitment
(factors which can be controlled by the organization)

 Recruitment Policy - the recruitment policy of an
organization specifies the objectives of recruitment
and provides a framework for implementation of
recruitment program.
 Human Resource Planning - effective human resource
planning helps in determining the gaps present in the
existing manpower of the organization. It also helps in
determining the number of employees to be recruited
and what qualification they must possess.
 Size of the Firm - the size of the firm is an important
factor in recruitment process. If the organization is
planning to increase its operations and expand its
business, it will think of hiring more personnel, which
will handle its operations.

 Cost of Recruitment - recruitment incur cost to
the employer, therefore, organizations try to
employ that source of recruitment which will
bear a lower cost of recruitment to the
organization for each candidate.
 Growth And Expansion - organization will
employ or think of employing more personnel
if it is expanding it’s operations.

External Factors Affecting Recruitment
(factors that cannot be controlled by the organization)

 Supply And Demand - the availability of manpower both
within and outside the organization is an important
determinant in the recruitment process. If the company has
a demand for more professionals and there is limited
supply in the market for the professionals demanded by the
company, then the company will have to depend upon
internal sources by providing them special training and
development programs.
 Labour Market - employment conditions in the
community where the organization is located will influence
the recruiting efforts of the organization. If there is surplus
of manpower at the time of recruitment, even informal
attempts at the time of recruiting like notice boards display
of the requisition or announcement in the meeting etc will
attract more than enough applicants.

 Image/ Goodwill - image of the employer can work
as a potential constraint for recruitment. An organization with
positive image and goodwill as an employer finds it easier to
attract and retain employees than an organization with
negative image.
 Political-Social- Legal Environment - various
government regulations prohibiting discrimination in hiring
and employment have direct impact on recruitment practices.
 Unemployment Rate - one of the factors that influence
the availability of applicants is the growth of the economy
(whether economy is growing or not and its rate). When the
company is not creating new jobs, there is often oversupply of
qualified labour which in turn leads to unemployment.
 Competitors - the recruitment policies of the competitors
also affect the recruitment function of the organizations. To
face the competition, many times the organizations have to
change their recruitment policies according to the policies
being followed by the competitors.

Purpose & Importance of
Recruitment
 Attract and encourage more and more
candidates to apply in the organization.
 Create a talent pool of candidates to
enable the selection of best candidates
for the organization.
 Help increase the success rate of
selection process by decreasing
number of visibly under qualified or
overqualified job applicants.
 Increase the pool of job candidates at
minimum cost.

A Recruitment Policy of An
Organization should be such
that:
 It should focus on recruiting the best
potential people
 To ensure that every applicant and
employee is treated equally with dignity
and respect
 Unbiased policy
 To aid and encourage employees in
realizing their full potential

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