3. In ancient times, people from all over the
world were keen to come to India. The
Aryans came from Central Europe and
settled down in India . The Persians followed
by the Iranians and Parsis immigrated to
India. Then came the Moghuls and they too
settled down permanently in India. Chengis
Khan, the Mongolian, invaded and looted
India many times. Alexander the Great too,
came to conquer India but went back after a
battle with Porus. Lastly, the Britishers came
and ruled over India for nearly 200 years.
After the battle of Plassey in 1757, the British
achieved political power in India.
4. "Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny and now
the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not
wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the
stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps,
India will awake to life and freedom."
This was the speech made by Jawaharlal Nehru, as the
Prime Minister of an Independent India, addressing the
constituent assembly and the Indian nation on 15
1947.
5. Role of Associated Movements
? India’s struggle for freedom had been a long drawn out
battle. Though it actually began in the second half of
the 19th century, isolated attempts were made in
various parts of the country to bring the British rule in
India to an end about a century earlier. The real power
in northern India passed into the hands of the British in
1757. The loss of independence provided the motive
force for the struggle for freedom and Indians in
different parts of the country began their efforts to
throw off the yoke of the alien rulers. It took over 100
years for the struggle to gain full momentum.
6. Great Revolt of 1857
The British, however, refused to heed the warning or even to
care for it as they had developed on over-weaning
confidence in their strength in India. Therefore when the
Great Revolt of 1857 took place, they were completely
stunned. It was the first organised attempt on the part of the
Indians for the emancipation of their country. No doubt, the
British came out victorious at the end but the Indians too
gained in the sense that the movement became a symbol of
inspiration and sacrifice for the subsequent generations The
failure of the outbreak of 1857 opened a new phase in
India's struggle for freedom. The idea of open armed
resistance against the British was at a discount, that it was
not altogether discarded as is evident from the various
rebellions which broke out in several parts of the country
during the years 1859-1872.
12. Corruption is found in the government when instead
of thinking about the interests of the citizens as a
whole, the members of the government are chiefly
interested in promoting their own selfish interests.
Corruption is found in both public and private
organizations and everyone starting from the clerk to
the Managing Director of a company is corrupt in a
way or the other. Corruption is an incurable disease
which all the citizens should try to combat by hook or
by crook. It is only because of the corrupt politicians
that today India is burdened with enormous loans
from the developed countries especially America and
is not a fully developed and free nation. It is confines
by the handcuffs of corruption.