2. Balanced Scorecard
Performance reporting approach which links organizational
strategy to actions of managers and employees
Combines financial and operating measures
Links performance to rewards
Recognizes diversity in organizational goals
Financial
Strength
Customer
Satisfaction
Business Process
Improvement
Organizational
Learning
3. Management Control Systems in Service,
Government and Nonprofit Organizations
Control systems are more difficult to implement and
maintain:
Outputs are more difficult to measure
Quality ratings are less clear
Important to properly train and motivate employees to
achieve organization's goals and consistent monitoring of
objectives in accordance with critical subgoals
4. Management Control Systems in Service,
Government and Nonprofit Organizations
Government and nonprofit organizations face further
problems:
Goals and objectives are less clear
Professionals less receptive to control systems
Lack of profit measure makes measurements more
difficult
Less pressure to improve from "owners"
Budgeting is more of a bargaining game to acquire
additional funding and less of a planning tool
Motivations and incentives of organizational
employees are often drastically different from for-
profit organizations
5. The Future of Management Control Systems
A changing environment requires changes in the management control system
Four key
factors must
be monitored
at all times
Important factors to keep in mind:
Individuals will generally behave in their own self-interest
Design systems so that individuals pursuing their own self-interest will also achieve the organization's objectives
Best benchmark for evaluating current performance is expected or budgeted performance
Nonfinancial performance is just as important as financial performance
Periodically review the success of the management control system
Learn from your and your competitors' mistakes
Responsibility
Centres
Organizational
Goals
Organizational
Structure
Performance
Measurement
7. Qualities of an Effective Control
System
Accuracy
Timeliness
Economy
Flexibility
Understandability
Reasonable criteria
Strategic placement
Emphasis on
exceptions
Multiple criteria
Corrective action
8. Contingency Factors in Control
Size of the organization
Operational complexity
Degree of decentralization
Importance of the activity
9. Adjusting Controls for Cultural Differences
Foreign operators tend to:
Be less controlled directly by the home
office
Have a tendency to formalize controls
Generate extensive formal reports
Rely on the power of Information
Technology