Surgical amputation of the lower and upper limps
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Semester: 2
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Subject Name: Applied Hematology
Subject Code: MLTH-P206
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Phylum : Protozoa
Subphylum : Apicomplexa (Sporozoa)
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Genus : Plasmodium
Species : vivax
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Hyperparasitaemia,
Hyperpyrexia,
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance,
Acidosis,
Hypoglycaemia,
Prostration,
Cardiovascular collapse,
Jaundice,
Severe anaemia,
Spontaneous bleeding,
Pulmonary edema,
Haemoglobinuria,
Black water fever,
Renal failure
Cerebral malaria.
Artesunate: 2.4 mg/kg i.v. or i.m., followed by 2.4 mg/kg after 12 and 24 hours, and then once daily for 7 days. Switchover to 3 day oral ACT in between whenever the patient can take and tolerate oral medication.
or
Artemether: 3.2 mg/kg i.m. on the 1st day, followed by 1.6 mg/kg daily for 7 days. Switchover to 3 day oral ACT in between whenever the patient is able to take oral medication.
or
Arteether: 3.2 mg/kg i.m. on the 1st day, followed by 1.6 mg/kg daily for the next 4 days. Switchover to 3 day oral ACT inbetween whenever the patient is able to take oral medication.
or
Quinine diHCI: 20 mg/kg (loading dose) diluted in 10 ml/kg 5% dextrose/dextrose-saline and infused i.v. over 4 hours, followed by 10 mg/kg.Authorization.pptx Authorization in U.S. healthcare is the process of getting...
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Authorization
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DIABETES BY DR. DOLLY RANI [Autosaved] [Autosaved].pptxdrdollyrani2024
油
This presentation give an overview about the therapeutic nutrition and diabetes mellites.Tran Quoc Bao: The Visionary Healthcare Leader Redefining Industry Standards
Tran Quoc Bao: The Visionary Healthcare Leader Redefining Industry StandardsIgnite Capital
油
Tran Quoc Bao is a name that resonates powerfully within the healthcare industry, known not only for his leadership but also for his ability to harness the power of social media to drive change. As the Best and Most Influential Healthcare Leader in Vietnam, Baos career is a testament to the idea that innovation and compassion can coexist in the healthcare sector, creating lasting impact for both businesses and patients alike.
With a Social Selling Index (SSI) of 60 on LinkedIn, Bao demonstrates a mastery of digital engagement that sets him apart in an industry often slow to adopt change. His score, a reflection of his strong personal brand, is not just about numbersit represents a deeper commitment to connecting with others, building meaningful relationships, and leveraging those relationships to drive real-world results. In an age where online networking is key to success, Bao has made social selling a cornerstone of his leadership approach.
His journey began with a passion for improving healthcare systems and a deep desire to help those in need. Over the years, he built a reputation as someone who combines sharp business acumen with a profound understanding of patient care. But it wasnt just about providing exceptional servicesit was about making healthcare accessible and sustainable for the communities he served. Baos innovative solutions have made a significant difference in countless lives, and his forward-thinking strategies have reshaped the way healthcare leaders engage with both their teams and their patients.
What makes Bao particularly influential is his ability to engage authentically with a global audience. His LinkedIn presence is not just filled with industry insights but also genuine discussions on leadership, technology, and human-centered care. Baos influence is growing exponentially, showing that in todays world, leadership is as much about connection as it is about expertise.
Tran Quoc Bao is more than just a healthcare leader. He is a trailblazer, a digital strategist, and, most importantly, a catalyst for change in an industry that desperately needs it. His story is one of determination, vision, and the power of meaningful connections.
Trial box, Trial Lenses, Trial Frame.pptx
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Trial Box is an Instruments used in Optometry, Ophthalmic clinic by Optometry/ Ophthalmologist for various purposes.
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Finding the right NDIS support coordinator is essential for maximizing your plan and accessing the best services. This presentation outlines the key factors to consider, including experience, communication, independence, and local knowledge. Learn where to search, the critical questions to ask, and how to make the best choice for your needs.Brain stroke: Symptoms, Classification, prevention and management .pptx
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PGDEI Neurobiology - paper 1 NEUROBIOLOGY
PGDEI Neurobiology - paper 1 NEUROBIOLOGYJELLA VISHNU DURGA PRASAD
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MAAENT
PGDEI 101.
PAPER I: NEUROBIOLOGY
OBJECTIVES:-
1. To understand the biological basis of developmental disabilities.
2. To identify the causes and risk factors, developmental disabilities and understanding their implication on development and their prevention aspects of disability.
3. To have knowledge the early indication of brain insult and characteristic features of developmental disabilities for early identification.
UNIT I-Anatomy, Physiology and embryology
Gross anatomy of Central nervous system (Frontal, Parietal, temporal, occipital, basal ganglia, cerebellum, midbrain, Pons, medulla oblongata, autonomic nervous system, limbic system, spinal cord, spinal arc, nervous system pathways). peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system
Micro anatomy-Cell structure, development and function
Physiology- Neurons, synapses, transmission, Specific areas and functions-Frontal, Parietal, temporal, occipital, basal ganglia, cerebellum, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, autonomic nervous system, limbic system, spinal cord, spinal arc, nervous system pathways, and centers and pathways
Embryology-Stages of development
Maturation-Myelination, organization of brain, cortical sub cortical relay system
680128_Spiritual H and Complete Well-being.pptx
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Spiritual Health and Complete Well-being, Vicharn Panich, MD
Chairman of PMAC Organizing Committee
Introductory Remark in PMAC 2025 Side Meeting Complete Well-being in the Age of AI: The Crucial Role of Spiritual Health and Practical Strategies, 28 January 2025, Centara Grand Hotel, Bangkok
Diseases of Cardiovascular system .docx
Diseases of Cardiovascular system .docxAyesha Fatima
油
DISORDERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
HYPERTENSION
1. Hypertension is defined as persistently elevated arterial blood pressure (BP).
2. Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition in which the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health complications.
3. WHO Definition of Hypertension
a. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is defined as:
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) 140 mmHg
Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) 90 mmHg
b. Based on repeated measurements under standardized conditions.
Risk factors
Obesity A sedentary lifestyle
Diabetes mellitus High intakes of salt or alcohol
Family history Stress
Cigarette smoking Low birth weight
Hypertension is described as essential (primary, idiopathic) or secondary to other diseases.
Irrespective of the cause, hypertension commonly affects the kidneys.
Essential hypertension
1. A condition of persistently elevated blood pressure without a known secondary cause, often associated with genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors.
Benign (chronic) hypertension
1. The rise in blood pressure is usually slight to moderate and continues to rise slowly over many years.
2. Sometimes complications, such as heart failure, cerebrovascular accident or myocardial infarction are the first indication of hypertension, but often the condition is symptomless and is only discovered during a routine examination.
Malignant (accelerated) hypertension
1. This is a rapid and aggressive acceleration of hypertensive disease.
2. Diastolic pressure in excess of 120 mmHg is common.
3. The effects are serious and quickly become apparent, e.g. haemorrhages into the retina, papilloedema (oedema around the optic disc), encephalopathy (cerebral oedema) and progressive renal disease, leading to cardiac failure.
Secondary hypertension
Hypertension resulting from other diseases accounts for 5% of all cases.
I. Kidney disease
Raised blood pressure is a complication of many kidney diseases. In kidney disease, there is salt and water retention, sometimes with excessive renin activity.
II. Endocrine disorders
a) Adrenal cortex
Secretion of excess aldosterone and cortisol stimulates the retention of excess sodium and water by the kidneys, raising the blood volume and pressure.
b) Adrenal medulla
Secretion of excess adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) raises blood pressure, e.g. phaeochromocytoma .
III. Stricture of the aorta
Hypertension develops in branching arteries proximal to the site of a stricture, e.g congenital
coarctation.
IV. Drug treatment
Hypertension may be a side-effect of some drugs, e.g. corticosteroids and oral contraceptives.
Effects and complications of hypertension
The effects of long-standing and progressively rising blood pressure are serious.
Hypertension predisposes to atherosclerosis and has specific effects on particular organs.
Heart
Lukenote Practice: Free yourself. Let your practice run on autopilot. Scale y...
Lukenote Practice: Free yourself. Let your practice run on autopilot. Scale y...Emitlogic Technologies Private Limited
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Lukenote Practice: Run Your Clinic, Not the Chaos
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Say goodbye to admin overloadLukenote Practice keeps your clinic running on autopilot while you stay in control. Ready to elevate your practice? Lets go! Lukenote Practice: Free yourself. Let your practice run on autopilot. Scale y...
Lukenote Practice: Free yourself. Let your practice run on autopilot. Scale y...Emitlogic Technologies Private Limited
油
Surgical amputation of the lower and upper limps
- 2. Definition AMPUTATION: Cutting of the extremity or part of the extremity through the bone. While....... DISARTICULATION: Cutting of the extremity or part of the extremity through the joint. The word amputation is derived from the Latin word amputare, "to cut away" Should not be viewed as a failure of treatment but as the first step in Rehabilitation. Should be performed by the most experienced surgeon in team
- 3. Amputation history *Cave-wall hand imprints have been found which demonstrate that Neolithic humans had amputated limbs. * Earliest literature discussing amputation is the Babylonian code of Hammurabi 1700 BC *385 BC - Plato's symposium and Hippocrates De Articularis *1st century BC - cautery was used for large vessels *1588 - William Clove - first successful AKA *1674 - Morel - battle of Borodino tourniquet *1679 - Younge - local flaps for wound closure (animal bladder used previously) *1781 - John Warren - 1st successful shoulder amputation *1806 - Walter Brashear -1st successful hip joint amputation *1825 - Nathan Smith described knee disarticulation * 1870 - Stockes and Grittis procedure * 1890 - Jaboulay and Girard - 1st successful hindquarter amputation *1943 - Norman Kirk - guillotine procedure in WWII
- 4. Earliest amputation were done on unanesthetized patients & haemostasis attained by crushing or dipping the open stump in boiling oil. Hippocrates was the first to use ligatures. Morel's introduced tourniquet in 1674 Lister's introduced antiseptic technique in reducing mortality