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SYMANTEC	
 INTERENT	
 SECURITY	
 THREAT	
 




                                                 	
 
                                                 	
 
                                                 	
 
                                                 	
 
                                                 	
 
                                                 	
 
                                                 	
 

                                                        SYMANTEC INTERNET
                                                         SECURITY THREAT
                                                 	
 
                                                             REPORT
Foreword	
 
	
 
       As	
  the	
  Secretary	
  General	
  of	
  the	
  International	
  Telecommunications	
  Union	
  (ITU),	
  it	
  gives	
  me	
 
       immense	
  pleasure	
  to	
  present	
  The	
  Internet	
  Security	
  Threat	
  Report	
  from	
  Symantec,	
  for	
  the	
 
       year	
 2011.	
 This	
 report,	
 made	
 available	
 by	
  the	
 ITU,	
  shall	
 be	
 the	
 forerunner	
 of	
  many	
  reports	
 that	
 
       I	
 aspire	
 to	
 put	
 forward	
 in	
 order	
 to	
 emphasize	
 the	
 importance	
 of	
 cybersecurity	
 in	
 this	
 era.	
 
	
 
       On	
  19th	
  May	
  2011,	
  through	
  its	
  publicprivate	
  partnership	
  with	
  Symantec,	
  ITU	
  reached	
  new	
 
       milestones	
 in	
 the	
 fight	
 against	
 cyber	
 threats,	
 further	
 strengthening	
 the	
 security	
 in	
 the	
 usage	
 of	
 
       ICTs.	
 	
  ITUs	
 	
  ongoing	
 	
  commitment	
 	
  to	
 	
  publish	
 	
  Symantec	
 	
  security	
 	
  reports	
 	
  aims	
 	
  to	
 	
  appraise	
 
       Member	
  States	
 of	
  the	
  rising	
  cyber	
  threats,	
  subsequently	
  creating	
  a	
  safer	
  and	
 more	
  secure	
  cyber	
 
       space	
 for	
 general	
 consumers,	
 businesses	
 and	
 most	
 significantly	
 children	
 and	
 youth	
 at	
 large.	
 
	
 
       The	
 Internet	
 Security	
 Threat	
 Report	
  volume	
 17,	
 published	
 in	
  	
 May 2012	
 provides	
  an	
 overview	
 
       and	
 analysis	
 of	
 global	
 threat	
 activity	
 for	
 the	
 year	
 2011.	
 	
 The	
 highlights	
 of	
 the	
 report	
 were:	
 
	
 
        則    Symantec	
 blocked	
 over	
 5.5	
 billion	
 malware	
 attacks	
 in	
 2011.	
  Malicious	
 attacks	
 increased	
 by	
 
              81%	
  compared	
  to	
  the	
  year	
  2010.	
  403	
  million	
  new	
  variants	
  of	
  malware	
  were	
  created	
  in	
 
              2011,	
 	
  which	
 	
  is	
 	
  41%	
 	
  more	
 	
  compared	
 	
  to	
 	
  2010.	
 	
  The	
 	
  three	
 	
  most	
 	
  prevalent	
 	
  malicious	
 
              programs	
 for	
 the	
 year	
 2011	
 were	
 Ramnit,	
 Sality.AE,	
 and	
 Bamital;	
 
        則    More	
  than	
  232.4	
 million	
 identities	
  were	
  exposed	
 overall	
  in	
 2011.	
 The	
 most	
  frequent	
  cause	
 
              for	
 data	
 breaches	
 was	
 theft	
 or	
 loss	
 of	
 a	
 medium	
 on	
 which	
 data	
 is	
 stored	
 or	
 transmitted;	
 
        則    Targeted	
  attacks,	
  politically	
  motivated	
  attacks,	
  data	
  breaches	
  and	
  attacks	
  on	
  certificate	
 
              authorities	
  were	
  prominent	
  and	
  increased	
  in	
  2011.	
  Government	
  and	
  Public	
  sector	
 
              organisations	
 were	
 the	
  most	
 targeted	
 by	
 email	
 attacks	
  in	
 the	
 year	
 2011,	
 while	
 a	
 rising	
 tide	
 
              of	
 advanced	
 targeted	
 attacks	
 also	
 puts	
 businesses	
 of	
 all	
 sizes	
 at	
 risk;	
 
        則    Spam	
 activity	
 fell	
 from	
 88.5%	
 in	
 2010	
 to	
 75.1%	
 in	
 2011.	
 Spammers	
 are	
 now	
 focusing	
 more	
 
              on	
 social	
 networking,	
 URL	
 shorteners	
 and	
 other	
 technologies	
 that	
 challenge	
 spam	
 blocking;	
 
        則    As	
 malicious	
 programs	
 targeting	
 Macs	
 was	
 on	
 the	
 rise,	
 this	
 trend	
 is	
 expected	
 to	
 continue	
 
              through	
 2012	
 as	
 the	
 codes	
 become	
 more	
 integrated	
 with	
 the	
 wider	
 web-足attack	
 toolkits;	
 
        則    Phishing	
  activity	
  continued	
  to	
  rise	
  for	
  the	
  year	
  2011.	
  Phishing	
  schemes	
  continued	
  to	
  use	
 
              major	
 events	
 to	
 entice	
 recipients;	
 
        則    As	
  the	
  sales	
  of	
  smartphones	
  rose,	
  mobiles	
  offer	
  new	
  opportunities	
  of	
  potentially	
  more	
 
              profitable	
 	
  cybercrimes.	
 	
  2011	
 	
  has	
 	
  thus	
 	
  become	
 	
  the	
 	
  first	
 	
  year	
 	
  that	
 	
  mobile	
 	
  malware	
 
              presented	
  a	
  tangible	
  threat	
  to	
  enterprises	
  and	
  consumers,	
  with	
  an	
  increase	
  of	
  93.3%	
  in	
 
              mobile	
 space	
 vulnerabilities.	
 	
 Moreover,	
 malware	
 authors	
 will	
 continue	
 to	
 explore	
 ways	
 to	
 
              attack	
 mobile	
 phones	
 and	
 tablets;	
 
	
 
       I	
  believe	
  the	
  information	
  presented	
  in	
  this	
  report	
  successfully	
  highlights	
  the	
  present	
  and	
 
       predicts	
  the	
  future	
  trends	
  in	
  cyber	
  threats.	
  Thanks	
  to	
  our	
  partnership	
  and	
  common	
 
       determination,	
 we	
 have	
 managed	
 to	
 raise	
 awareness	
 and	
  control	
 cyber	
 risks	
 to	
 a	
 great	
 extent.	
 
       This	
  information	
  lays	
  emphasis	
  on	
  the	
  potential	
  cyber	
  threats	
  and	
  the	
  areas	
  with	
  scope	
  for	
 
       improvement	
 and	
 further	
 facilitates	
 the	
 creation	
 of	
 a	
 more	
 protected	
 and	
 reliable	
 cyber	
 space.	
 
	
 
	
 
	
 
	
 
	
 
	
 
       Dr.	
 Hamadoun	
 I.	
 Tour辿	
 
       Secretary-足General,	
 ITU

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  • 2. Foreword As the Secretary General of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), it gives me immense pleasure to present The Internet Security Threat Report from Symantec, for the year 2011. This report, made available by the ITU, shall be the forerunner of many reports that I aspire to put forward in order to emphasize the importance of cybersecurity in this era. On 19th May 2011, through its publicprivate partnership with Symantec, ITU reached new milestones in the fight against cyber threats, further strengthening the security in the usage of ICTs. ITUs ongoing commitment to publish Symantec security reports aims to appraise Member States of the rising cyber threats, subsequently creating a safer and more secure cyber space for general consumers, businesses and most significantly children and youth at large. The Internet Security Threat Report volume 17, published in May 2012 provides an overview and analysis of global threat activity for the year 2011. The highlights of the report were: 則 Symantec blocked over 5.5 billion malware attacks in 2011. Malicious attacks increased by 81% compared to the year 2010. 403 million new variants of malware were created in 2011, which is 41% more compared to 2010. The three most prevalent malicious programs for the year 2011 were Ramnit, Sality.AE, and Bamital; 則 More than 232.4 million identities were exposed overall in 2011. The most frequent cause for data breaches was theft or loss of a medium on which data is stored or transmitted; 則 Targeted attacks, politically motivated attacks, data breaches and attacks on certificate authorities were prominent and increased in 2011. Government and Public sector organisations were the most targeted by email attacks in the year 2011, while a rising tide of advanced targeted attacks also puts businesses of all sizes at risk; 則 Spam activity fell from 88.5% in 2010 to 75.1% in 2011. Spammers are now focusing more on social networking, URL shorteners and other technologies that challenge spam blocking; 則 As malicious programs targeting Macs was on the rise, this trend is expected to continue through 2012 as the codes become more integrated with the wider web-足attack toolkits; 則 Phishing activity continued to rise for the year 2011. Phishing schemes continued to use major events to entice recipients; 則 As the sales of smartphones rose, mobiles offer new opportunities of potentially more profitable cybercrimes. 2011 has thus become the first year that mobile malware presented a tangible threat to enterprises and consumers, with an increase of 93.3% in mobile space vulnerabilities. Moreover, malware authors will continue to explore ways to attack mobile phones and tablets; I believe the information presented in this report successfully highlights the present and predicts the future trends in cyber threats. Thanks to our partnership and common determination, we have managed to raise awareness and control cyber risks to a great extent. This information lays emphasis on the potential cyber threats and the areas with scope for improvement and further facilitates the creation of a more protected and reliable cyber space. Dr. Hamadoun I. Tour辿 Secretary-足General, ITU