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16. Perinnöllisyys ja
     evoluutio
Geenipooli ja evoluutio
•  Geenipooli =
   populaation kaikkien
   alleelien kokonaisuus.
•  Parhaat alleelit
   yleistyvät populaation
   geenipoolissa.
Muutoksia geenipoolissa I
•  Kelpoisuus = tehokkain
   lisääntyminen tietyissä
   olosuhteissa.
•  Valinta muuttaa
   populaation geenipoolia.
     •  Suuntaava
     •  Stabiloiva
     •  Hajottava
•  Valinta voi myös suosia
   heterotsygootteja
Muutoksia geenipoolissa II
•  Geenipooli voi muuttua
   sattuman vaikutuksesta.
    •  Pullonkaulailmiö
    •  Perustajanvaikutus
Synteettinen evoluutioteoria
•  Yhdistää populaatiogenetiikkaa ja
   evoluutioteoriaa.
•  Todisteena esimerkiksi lajien dna-
   emäsjärjestykset.
•  Keskeistä lajin sisäinen muuntelu.
•  Populaation geenipoolin muuttuminen =
   mikroevoluutio

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