Symbiosis Updated
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Symbiosis refers to close, long-term associations between two or more species. There are five main types of symbiotic relationships: predation benefits one species at the expense of another; competition involves organisms trying to use limited resources; mutualism benefits both species; commensalism benefits one species without affecting the other; and parasitism benefits one species while harming the other. Examples of each relationship type are provided.
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Symbiosis Updated
- 1. SYMBIOSIS
- 2. Symbiosis Close, long-term association between two ore more species Sym means together Bio means life Symbiosis means living together Relationships will always benefit at least one organism involved 5 types: Predation Competition Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
- 3. Predation Relationship where one organism captures and consume the other. Predator: organism doing the capturing, organism that eats the prey Prey: organism being captured, organism that is eaten by the predator Predators survival depends on its ability to catch their prey Speed, venom, web, etc. Preys survival depends on its ability to avoid being caught Camouflage, physical & chemical defenses, etc.
- 4. Competition Relationship where two or more individuals or populations are trying to use the same limited resources. Resources: Food, water, shelter, space, sunlight Example: Elks competing for food from plants. Elk are herbivores There are so many plants in their habitat All of the elks are competing over the same plants for food.
- 5. Mutualism Symbiotic relationship where both organisms are helped or benefit. Example: Flowers & Bees Bees get nectar to make honey from flowers. Bees carry pollen from flower to flower resulting in pollination. Bee is benefiting by getting food. Flower is benefiting by being pollinated.
- 6. Commensalism Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the second organism is unaffected (neither harmed or helped). Example: Sharks & Remoras Remoras attach to the sharks body and feed on scraps of food left by sharks. Remoras benefit by getting food. Sharks are unaffected.
- 7. Parasitism Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits or is helped and the other organism is harmed. Parasite: organism that benefits Host: organism that is harmed, but not usually killed Example: Dogs & Fleas Dogs have an allergic reactions to the fleas and the fleas have a home and gets food. Dog is harmed by being bitten and having an allergic reaction. Flea benefits by having a place to live and getting food.
- 8. Name the Relationship The oxpecker (a bird) lives on a rhino eating all of the bugs & parasites on the rhino. Mutualism A lion hunting an antelope. Predation Clownfish that are protected from predators by living in a sea anemone with poisonous tentacles. Commensalism Two different penguins feeding on fish. Competition A tick attaches to a human, sucking blood and possibly transmitting Lyme disease. Parasitism