Hindustan Machine Tools (HMT) Ltd. was established in 1953 by the Government of India to manufacture center lathes. Over time, HMT diversified into other products like tractors, lamps, dairy machinery, watches, and printing machines. This led to the formation of separate business groups for machine tools, tractors, consumer products, and industrial machinery. The case study will analyze why the performance of HMT's business groups was adversely affected. Specifically, it will examine why financial performance was lower than previous years, reasons for reduced aggregate sales, and steps taken during periods of net loss to improve market orientation, productivity, and introduce new products.