Synthesis of heam 20 21
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Heme is an iron-containing porphyrin that is essential for hemoglobin function. Porphyrins are cyclic compounds formed from four pyrrole rings linked by methylene bridges that can bind metal ions. Heme synthesis primarily occurs in erythroid precursor cells in the bone marrow and liver cells, involving multiple enzymatic steps to convert the precursor uroporphyriinogen to protoporphyrin and insert iron.
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porphyrins ( Haemoglobin and Myoglobin )
Porphyrins are one of the most important groups of
bioinorganic compounds in which a metal ion is
surrounded by the four nitrogens of porphin ring.
Porphines are made of four pyrrole rings linked
together through methene bridges.
Therefore, porphines have macrocylic pyrrole system
with conjugated double bonds as shown here:
These porphines act as tetradentate ligands with four
nitrogen donor sites.
Two of these are tertiary nitrogen donor positions which can form
coordinate bonds by donating a pair of electrons each to the metal
ion.
The other two are secondary nitrogen donor positions. each of
which lose a proton in forming a coordinate bond with a metal
ion.
Thus, a porphin ring acts as a tetradentate dinegative ligand (or
dianion).
Dipositive cations such as Mg2+ Fe2+ or Ni2+ are capable of
forming neutral complexes with porphine as shown here:
Four pyrrole rings of porphin carrying substituents other than hydrogen
are called porphyrins. The complexes in which a metal ion is held in
the porphyrin ring system are called metalloporphyrins.
Such complexes play a vital role in biological systems.
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Synthesis of heam 20 21
- 1. Synthesis of Heme Maria Gul
- 2. Porphyrins are cyclic compounds formed by the linkage of four pyrrole rings through methyne (=HC) bridges. A characteristic property of the porphyrins is the formation of complexes with metal ions bound to the nitrogen atom of the pyrrole rings. Examples are the iron porphyrins such as heme of hemoglobin and the magnesium-containing porphyrin chlorophyll, the photosynthetic pigment of plants. approximately 85% of heme synthesis occurs in erythroid precursor cells in the bone marrow and the majority of the remainder in hepatocytes.