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Synthetic seed

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Divya Joshi

This document discusses synthetic seeds, which are artificially encapsulated plant materials like somatic embryos, shoot buds, or cell aggregates that can be used for sowing like natural seeds. Synthetic seeds were originally only referred to somatic embryos for economic crop production, but now include other micropropagules. The first successful synthetic seed was produced in 1982 in carrot. There are two main types - desiccated synthetic seeds which are produced from desiccation tolerant species and hydrated synthetic seeds which encapsulate somatic embryos or shoots in hydrogels like sodium alginate. The encapsulation process involves a plant propagule, a gelling matrix that can include nutrients, and an artificial seed coat to develop the encapsulation system. Common encapsulation

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Presented by Divya Joshi A0999318020 Submitted to- Dr. Amit kharakwal
Synthetic seeds are defined as artificially encapsulated somatic embryos, shoot buds, cell aggregates, or any other tissue that can be used for sowing as a seed and that possess the ability to convert into a plant under in vitro or ex vitro conditions and that retain this potential also after storage They are also called synseeds or artificial seeds
Earlier, synthetic seeds were referred only to the somatic embryos that were of economic use in crop production and plant delivery to the field or greenhouses. In the recent past, however, other micropropagules like shoot buds, shoot tips, organogenic or embryogenic etc. The first synthetic seed was produced by KITTO and JANICK in 1982 in carrot
DESICCATED SYNTHETIC SEEDS- Desiccated synthetic seeds are produced nacked or polyoxyethylene glycol encapsulated somatic embryos. This type of synthetic seeds is produced in desiccation tolerant species plant. HYDRATED SYNTHETIC SEEDS- Hydrated synthetic seeds are produced by encapsulating the somatic embryos in hydrogels like sodium alginate, potassium alginate, carrageenan, sodium pectate or sodium alginate with gelatine.
(a)Plant propagule -(somatic embryo or shoot bud) somatic embryos are bipolar structures with both apical and basal meristematic regions, which are capable of forming shoot and root, respectively. (b) Matrix, -is a gelling material encapsulating plant propagules which incorporate nutrients, biofertlizers, pesticides, nitrogen - fixing bacteria, antibiotics or other essential additives.
(c) Seed shell -these are the artificial seed coats prepared with complex mixture of alginate- gelatin which was used to develop the coat system for encapsulation. The concept of artificial seed technology has been applied, successfully in large numbers of plants
Synthetic seed
Gel complexation via a dropping procedure- It is a most useful encapsulation system . Drip 2-3 % sodium alginate drops from at the tip of the funnel and the somatic embryos are inserted
Keeep the encapsulated embryos complex in calcium salt for 20 min Rinsed the capsules in water and the stored in a air tight container Molding In the second method, isolated somatic embryos are mixed in a temperature- dependent gel such as gel-rite and placed in the well of a micro- titer plate and its forms gel when temperature is cooled down
Synthetic seed
Synthetic seed

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Synthetic seed

  • 1. Presented by Divya Joshi A0999318020 Submitted to- Dr. Amit kharakwal
  • 2. Synthetic seeds are defined as artificially encapsulated somatic embryos, shoot buds, cell aggregates, or any other tissue that can be used for sowing as a seed and that possess the ability to convert into a plant under in vitro or ex vitro conditions and that retain this potential also after storage They are also called synseeds or artificial seeds
  • 3. Earlier, synthetic seeds were referred only to the somatic embryos that were of economic use in crop production and plant delivery to the field or greenhouses. In the recent past, however, other micropropagules like shoot buds, shoot tips, organogenic or embryogenic etc. The first synthetic seed was produced by KITTO and JANICK in 1982 in carrot
  • 4. DESICCATED SYNTHETIC SEEDS- Desiccated synthetic seeds are produced nacked or polyoxyethylene glycol encapsulated somatic embryos. This type of synthetic seeds is produced in desiccation tolerant species plant. HYDRATED SYNTHETIC SEEDS- Hydrated synthetic seeds are produced by encapsulating the somatic embryos in hydrogels like sodium alginate, potassium alginate, carrageenan, sodium pectate or sodium alginate with gelatine.
  • 5. (a)Plant propagule -(somatic embryo or shoot bud) somatic embryos are bipolar structures with both apical and basal meristematic regions, which are capable of forming shoot and root, respectively. (b) Matrix, -is a gelling material encapsulating plant propagules which incorporate nutrients, biofertlizers, pesticides, nitrogen - fixing bacteria, antibiotics or other essential additives.
  • 6. (c) Seed shell -these are the artificial seed coats prepared with complex mixture of alginate- gelatin which was used to develop the coat system for encapsulation. The concept of artificial seed technology has been applied, successfully in large numbers of plants
  • 8. Gel complexation via a dropping procedure- It is a most useful encapsulation system . Drip 2-3 % sodium alginate drops from at the tip of the funnel and the somatic embryos are inserted
  • 9. Keeep the encapsulated embryos complex in calcium salt for 20 min Rinsed the capsules in water and the stored in a air tight container Molding In the second method, isolated somatic embryos are mixed in a temperature- dependent gel such as gel-rite and placed in the well of a micro- titer plate and its forms gel when temperature is cooled down