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T series case

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Harsh Rana
Harsh Rana

Gulshan Dua was born into a Punjabi Hindu family in Delhi, where he started working in his father's fruit juice shop. Later, his family acquired a shop selling records and audio cassettes, which began Gulshan's career in the music business. Gulshan built a vast music empire through his company T-Series by pirating music from established labels like HMV and Polydor in the 1970s-1980s. He was able to undercut these labels by not paying royalty fees or excise taxes. Though illegal, piracy was not a cognizable offense at the time, allowing Gulshan to avoid prosecution. Gulshan's success through alleged piracy and plagiarism changed the Indian music industry.

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Made by :- HARSH .K. RANA
    Gulshan Dua was born into a Punjabi Hindu family, He was the son of Chandrabhan, a fruit juice seller in Darya Ganj market in Delhi, Where he started working early on. Later Gulshan changed career paths when his family acquired a shop selling records and cheap audio cassettes, This was the beginning of what was to become a vast music empire.
T series case
  What Gulshan Kumar did was simple -- and everyone knew it had nothing to do with management. He began in 1979-80 by making all his money from piracy. In those days, His Master's Voice, an established player in the market, was the biggest sufferer, followed by Polydor. For here was this man, traversing the catalogues of both HMV and Polydor with impunity, picking up music from both, compiling them in one cassette and selling it as a T-series recording. The only capital expense he had was the cost of the cassette -- Rs 7 -- and the cost of duplicating. This cassette was retailed at about Rs 25. Because HMV and Polydor were law-abiding outfits run by professional managers they were required to pay, in addition to royalities, an excise duty of 15 per cent on every cassette.
  Gulshan Kumar could not have paid excise duty -- for that he would have had to admit that he was running an illegal operation. So he simply passed the 15 per cent benefit on to the customer. And when HMV had already paid royalties, why should he? HMV and other players were also handicapped by the legal definition of copyright violation -- piracy was not a cognisable offence, so you had to prove cassettes were being pirated before getting a warrant of arrest. This was well nigh impossible. So often HMV's managers felt like birds beating their wings in a cage. The courts were tardy in giving relief, the police were often informers, tipping Gulshan off about an excise raid. So he went from strength to strength, producing cassettes minus the music cost.
  In July 1997, some of the leading personalities from the Indian music industry gathered for a meeting at a five-star hotel in Chennai. Among those attending were representatives from music companies like Venus and Tips Industries (Tips) and the owner of Super Cassettes Industries, Gulshan Kumar (Gulshan). The meeting had been called to persuade Gulshan to co-operate with the other music companies.
  Gulshan Kumar, who changed the face of the Indian music business, On 12 August 1997, he was killed outside the Jeeteshwar Mahadev Mandir, a Hindu temple in Jeet Nagar, Andheri West suburb of Mumbai west Bombay, on Tuesday morning.
 Gulshan's death brought to the attention of the nation the story of a man who had allegedly built an empire on music piracy and plagiarism. Super Cassettes' 'T-Series' had completely changed the way the Indian music industry functioned, allegedly by successfully exploiting the loopholes in India's anti-piracy regulations.

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T series case

  • 1. Made by :- HARSH .K. RANA
  • 2.     Gulshan Dua was born into a Punjabi Hindu family, He was the son of Chandrabhan, a fruit juice seller in Darya Ganj market in Delhi, Where he started working early on. Later Gulshan changed career paths when his family acquired a shop selling records and cheap audio cassettes, This was the beginning of what was to become a vast music empire.
  • 4.   What Gulshan Kumar did was simple -- and everyone knew it had nothing to do with management. He began in 1979-80 by making all his money from piracy. In those days, His Master's Voice, an established player in the market, was the biggest sufferer, followed by Polydor. For here was this man, traversing the catalogues of both HMV and Polydor with impunity, picking up music from both, compiling them in one cassette and selling it as a T-series recording. The only capital expense he had was the cost of the cassette -- Rs 7 -- and the cost of duplicating. This cassette was retailed at about Rs 25. Because HMV and Polydor were law-abiding outfits run by professional managers they were required to pay, in addition to royalities, an excise duty of 15 per cent on every cassette.
  • 5.   Gulshan Kumar could not have paid excise duty -- for that he would have had to admit that he was running an illegal operation. So he simply passed the 15 per cent benefit on to the customer. And when HMV had already paid royalties, why should he? HMV and other players were also handicapped by the legal definition of copyright violation -- piracy was not a cognisable offence, so you had to prove cassettes were being pirated before getting a warrant of arrest. This was well nigh impossible. So often HMV's managers felt like birds beating their wings in a cage. The courts were tardy in giving relief, the police were often informers, tipping Gulshan off about an excise raid. So he went from strength to strength, producing cassettes minus the music cost.
  • 6.   In July 1997, some of the leading personalities from the Indian music industry gathered for a meeting at a five-star hotel in Chennai. Among those attending were representatives from music companies like Venus and Tips Industries (Tips) and the owner of Super Cassettes Industries, Gulshan Kumar (Gulshan). The meeting had been called to persuade Gulshan to co-operate with the other music companies.
  • 7.   Gulshan Kumar, who changed the face of the Indian music business, On 12 August 1997, he was killed outside the Jeeteshwar Mahadev Mandir, a Hindu temple in Jeet Nagar, Andheri West suburb of Mumbai west Bombay, on Tuesday morning.
  • 8.  Gulshan's death brought to the attention of the nation the story of a man who had allegedly built an empire on music piracy and plagiarism. Super Cassettes' 'T-Series' had completely changed the way the Indian music industry functioned, allegedly by successfully exploiting the loopholes in India's anti-piracy regulations.