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Table of content on sugercane bud chipper

S
Shiva Nand

This document provides details on the design and development of a semi-automatic sugarcane bud chipping machine. It includes sections that describe the components required for the machine such as the power source, gearbox, gears, shaft, cutter, belt and pulley drive, and supporting frame. It also includes sections on the design and calculations done to develop the machine as well as the fabrication and manufacturing aspects. The document concludes with discussions on the advantages of the machine, challenges faced, and potential income increase for farmers.

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iii TABLE OF CONTENT Certificate¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..i Acknowledgement¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....ii Abstract¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....iii Appendix A: List of Figures¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.v 1. Introduction¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­..1 1.1 Planting material¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­......2 1.2 Need for bud chipper¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...3 2. Literature survey¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­5 2.1 Research paper number 1¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....5 2.2 Research paper number 2¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....7 3. Semi-automatic sugarcane bud chipping machine¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....8 3.1 Working mechanism¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...8 3.2 Components required¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..8 3.3 Working model¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...9 3.4 Specification of components and cost analysis¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..10 4. Description and specification of components¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..11 4.1 Components¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­..11 4.1.1 Power source(motor)¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­11 4.1.2 Gear box¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­...12 4.1.3 Gear drive¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­.....12 4.1.4 Shaft¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...¡­¡­....19 4.1.5 Cutter¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­..¡­19 4.1.6 Belt and pulley drive¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...¡­...¡­20 4.1.7 Supporting frame¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...¡­¡­.....23 5. Design and calculation¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­24 5.1 Design¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.24 5.1.1 System design¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.24 5.1.2 Mechanical design¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..26 6. Fabrication aspects of the working model¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­31 6.1 Electric arc welding¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­31 6.1.1 Welding electrode specification¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.31 6.2 Machining¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...32 6.2.1 Turning¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...32 6.2.2 Grinding¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­33 6.2.3 Boring¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.....35 7. Advantages and challenges¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­.37 7.1 Advantages¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.37 7.2 Challenges¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..37 8. Income for farmers through our machine¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.38 9. Conclusion¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­41
iv ABSTRACT In today¡¯s world, the entire requirements are being fulfilled through automatic system. The demand for reducing the wastage of sugarcane .So the search of automatic system is completed by this project. One alternative to reduce the mass and improve the quality of seed for sugarcane would be to plant excised axillaries buds of cane stalk, popularly known as bud chips. These bud chips are less bulky, easily portable and more economical material. The bud chip technology holds great promise inrapid multiplication ofnew sugarcane varieties. The problemofestablishment and initial growth could be addressed by application of appropriate plant growth regulators and essential nutrients.
v TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1:Single bud settling ................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2: Traditional method................................................................................................. 3 Figure 3: Bud chipping method.............................................................................................. 4 Figure 4: Working model of sugarcane bud chipping machine (Top view).............................. 9 Figure 5:Working model of sugarcane bud chipping machine (Front view) ........................... 9 Figure 6:Electric motor ....................................................................................................... 11 Figure 7: Gear Box............................................................................................................... 12 Figure 8:Spur Gear .............................................................................................................. 13 Figure 9:Helical Gear ........................................................................................................... 14 Figure 10:Double Helical Gear............................................................................................. 14 Figure 11:Internal Gear ....................................................................................................... 15 Figure 12:Rack and Pinion ................................................................................................... 15 Figure 13:Straight Bevel Gear.............................................................................................. 16 Figure 14:Spiral Bevel Gear ................................................................................................. 17 Figure 15:Hypoid Bevel Gear............................................................................................... 17 Figure 16:Worm Gear.......................................................................................................... 18 Figure 17:Spiral Gear........................................................................................................... 19 Figure 18:Open Belt Drive ................................................................................................... 20 Figure 19:Cross Belt Drive ................................................................................................... 21 Figure 20:Tension in Belts ................................................................................................... 22 Figure 21 Electric arc welding.............................................................................................. 32 Figure 22:Straight Turning................................................................................................... 33 Figure 23:Grinding process ................................................................................................. 34 Figure 24: Elevation of the status of grinding to abrasive machining ................................... 35 Figure 25:Bench Grinding Machine...................................................................................... 36 Figure 26:Boring Operation................................................................................................. 37 Figure 27:Investment Comparison Graph ............................................................................ 40 Figure 28: Revenue Comparison Graph ............................................................................... 41
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Table of content on sugercane bud chipper

  • 1. iii TABLE OF CONTENT Certificate¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..i Acknowledgement¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....ii Abstract¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....iii Appendix A: List of Figures¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.v 1. Introduction¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­..1 1.1 Planting material¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­......2 1.2 Need for bud chipper¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...3 2. Literature survey¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­5 2.1 Research paper number 1¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....5 2.2 Research paper number 2¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....7 3. Semi-automatic sugarcane bud chipping machine¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­....8 3.1 Working mechanism¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...8 3.2 Components required¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..8 3.3 Working model¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...9 3.4 Specification of components and cost analysis¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..10 4. Description and specification of components¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..11 4.1 Components¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­..11 4.1.1 Power source(motor)¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­11 4.1.2 Gear box¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­...12 4.1.3 Gear drive¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­.....12 4.1.4 Shaft¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...¡­¡­....19 4.1.5 Cutter¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­..¡­19 4.1.6 Belt and pulley drive¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...¡­...¡­20 4.1.7 Supporting frame¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...¡­¡­.....23 5. Design and calculation¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­24 5.1 Design¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.24 5.1.1 System design¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.24 5.1.2 Mechanical design¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..26 6. Fabrication aspects of the working model¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­31 6.1 Electric arc welding¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­31 6.1.1 Welding electrode specification¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.31 6.2 Machining¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...32 6.2.1 Turning¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...32 6.2.2 Grinding¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­33 6.2.3 Boring¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.....35 7. Advantages and challenges¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.¡­.37 7.1 Advantages¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.37 7.2 Challenges¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..37 8. Income for farmers through our machine¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.38 9. Conclusion¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­41
  • 2. iv ABSTRACT In today¡¯s world, the entire requirements are being fulfilled through automatic system. The demand for reducing the wastage of sugarcane .So the search of automatic system is completed by this project. One alternative to reduce the mass and improve the quality of seed for sugarcane would be to plant excised axillaries buds of cane stalk, popularly known as bud chips. These bud chips are less bulky, easily portable and more economical material. The bud chip technology holds great promise inrapid multiplication ofnew sugarcane varieties. The problemofestablishment and initial growth could be addressed by application of appropriate plant growth regulators and essential nutrients.
  • 3. v TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1:Single bud settling ................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2: Traditional method................................................................................................. 3 Figure 3: Bud chipping method.............................................................................................. 4 Figure 4: Working model of sugarcane bud chipping machine (Top view).............................. 9 Figure 5:Working model of sugarcane bud chipping machine (Front view) ........................... 9 Figure 6:Electric motor ....................................................................................................... 11 Figure 7: Gear Box............................................................................................................... 12 Figure 8:Spur Gear .............................................................................................................. 13 Figure 9:Helical Gear ........................................................................................................... 14 Figure 10:Double Helical Gear............................................................................................. 14 Figure 11:Internal Gear ....................................................................................................... 15 Figure 12:Rack and Pinion ................................................................................................... 15 Figure 13:Straight Bevel Gear.............................................................................................. 16 Figure 14:Spiral Bevel Gear ................................................................................................. 17 Figure 15:Hypoid Bevel Gear............................................................................................... 17 Figure 16:Worm Gear.......................................................................................................... 18 Figure 17:Spiral Gear........................................................................................................... 19 Figure 18:Open Belt Drive ................................................................................................... 20 Figure 19:Cross Belt Drive ................................................................................................... 21 Figure 20:Tension in Belts ................................................................................................... 22 Figure 21 Electric arc welding.............................................................................................. 32 Figure 22:Straight Turning................................................................................................... 33 Figure 23:Grinding process ................................................................................................. 34 Figure 24: Elevation of the status of grinding to abrasive machining ................................... 35 Figure 25:Bench Grinding Machine...................................................................................... 36 Figure 26:Boring Operation................................................................................................. 37 Figure 27:Investment Comparison Graph ............................................................................ 40 Figure 28: Revenue Comparison Graph ............................................................................... 41
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