2. Preventive Measures:
Store flammable materials
properly.
Install fire detection and
suppression equipment.
Ensure workplaces are clean
and clutter-free.
Fire Detection and Control involves identifying fire hazards and
implementing measures to prevent or control fires. Common
fire hazards in industries include flammable materials, hot work
activities like welding, and heat sources such as furnaces.
Effective fire control relies on proper storage of combustible
substances, maintaining clean workspaces, and installing fire
detection and suppression systems. Additionally, safety training
and preparedness enable workers to respond quickly to fire
emergencies, minimizing damage and protecting lives.
3. FIRE TRIANGLE
The Fire Triangle represents
the three essential
elements required for a fire
to ignite: fuel, oxygen, and
heat. Fuel can be solid,
liquid, or gas; oxygen is
usually sourced from the
air, and heat provides the
necessary energy to start
combustion. A continuous
chemical chain reaction
also sustains the fire once it
4. CLASS B
CLASS E
CLASS A
CLASS F
CLASS C
CLASS D
Solid combustibles
(wood, paper, cloth)
Flammable liquids
(oil, gasoline,
alcohol)
Flammable gases
(LPG, methane)
Electrical fires (short
circuits)
Cooking oils and fats.
Flammable
metals
(sodium,
CLASSIFIACTION OF FIRE
6. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
DESCRIPTION:
A fire extinguisher is a portable device
designed to put out or control small fires. It
typically consists of a pressurized container
filled with a specific extinguishing agent, such
as water, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Fire extinguishers are classified by the type of
fires they can combat (e.g., Class A for ordinary
combustibles, Class B for flammable liquids,
Class C for electrical fires, etc.). They are
essential safety tools in homes, workplaces,
and public spaces, allowing individuals to
7. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXAMPLES:
1.Water Extinguisher (Red Label):
Use: Primarily for Class A fires involving solid
combustibles like wood, paper, and fabric.
Mechanism: Cools the fire, reducing the heat
below the combustion point.
Not suitable for: Fires involving flammable liquids
(Class B), gases (Class C), electrical fires, or
kitchen fires (Class F), as water can spread the fire
or cause electrical hazards.
8. 2.Powder Extinguisher (Blue Label):
Use: Effective for Class A, Class B, and Class C
fires (solids, flammable liquids, and gases).
Mechanism: Smothers the fire by cutting off
the oxygen supply and interrupting the
chemical reaction of the fire.
Benefits: Versatile; can handle various types of
fires.
Limitations: Not ideal for confined spaces
because the powder can impair visibility and
be inhaled, causing respiratory issues. It is also
less effective for fires in electrical equipment.
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXAMPLES:
9. 3.CO2 Extinguisher (Black Label):
Use: Primarily for Class B (flammable liquids)
and electrical fires.
Mechanism: CO2 displaces the oxygen around
the fire, suffocating it. It also cools the flames.
Advantages: Leaves no residue, making it ideal
for use on electrical fires.
Limitations: Ineffective on Class A fires as it
doesn't cool down the burning materials,
allowing re-ignition.
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXAMPLES:
10. 4.Foam Extinguisher (Cream Label):
Use: Effective on Class A and Class B fires
(solids and flammable liquids).
Mechanism: Forms a blanket of foam that seals
the fire, cutting off the oxygen supply and
cooling the surface of the burning material.
Ideal for: Liquid fires such as petrol, diesel, and
oil, as well as solid materials.
Limitations: Not suitable for electrical fires or
fires involving flammable metals.
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXAMPLES:
11. 5. Wet Chemical Extinguisher (Yellow Label):
Use: Designed for Class F fires, particularly
kitchen fires involving cooking oils and fats.
Mechanism: Sprays a fine mist that cools the
flame and reacts with the fats to form a soap-
like layer, cutting off oxygen and preventing re-
ignition.
Benefits: Only extinguisher type specifically
made for handling deep fat fryer and cooking
oil fires.
Not suitable for: Other types of fires like Class
A, B, or electrical fires.
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXAMPLES:
12. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXAMPLES:
Specialized Extinguishers:
Metal Powder Extinguisher (Class D fires): Used
for fires involving flammable metals like
magnesium, sodium, or aluminum.
Mechanism: Uses a powder that absorbs heat
and prevents oxygen from feeding the fire.
Limitations: Not suitable for other fire classes.
