3. Mission of Scope Telecom is
To assist GSM operators for integration with continually growing
technological trends and work more efficiently by providing globally
qualified services.
4. INTRODUCTION
A basic telecommunication system
consist three primary units
Transmitter that take information and
converts it to a signal.
Transmission medium is also called
the physical channel that carries
signal.
Receiver that takes signal from from
channel and convert it back to usable
information.
6. 1st Generation
• Start to use in 1989
• Call forwarding
• All calls
• No answer
• Engaged
• Unreachable
• Outgoing calls barring
• Incoming calls barring
• Global roaming
7. drawbacks
• Poor voice quality
• Poor battery life
• Large phone size
• No security
• Limited capacity
8. 2nd Generation
• Finished process in 1995
• SMS(Short Message Services)
• Multi Party Calling
• Call holding
• Call waiting
• Mobile data service
• Mobile fax service
• Call line identity
• Advice of charging
• Cell broadcast
11. 2.5 generation
• 2.5G is a technology between 2nd and 3rd generation,
• Features
• Phone calls
• Send and receive email messages
• Web browsing
• Speed 64-144kbps
• Camera phones
• Take a time to 6 to 9 minutes to download a song
12. 3G GENERATION
• 3G Generation introduce in year 2000
• Data transmission speed increase from
144kbps to 2mbps.
• Typically called smart phones
• Features
• increase its bandwidth
• Increase data transfer rate to accommodate
audio and video files
13. GENERATION
• Capable to provide speed 100mbps-1gbps
• High security
• Provide any kind of service at any time as per user
requirement any where
• battery uses is more
• Hard to implement
• Need complicated hardware
• Expensive equipment
17. GSM Channels
• Physical Channel: Each timeslot on a carrier is referred to as a
physical channel
• Logical Channel: Variety of information is transmitted
between the MS and BTS. Different types of logical channels:
– Traffic channel
– Control Channel
Downlink
Uplink
Channels
18. • BTS – houses the radio transceivers of the cell
and handles the radio-link protocols with the
mobile
• BSC – manages radio resources (channel
setup, handover) for one or more BTSs
19. • MSC – Mobile Switching Center
• The central component of the network
• Like a telephony switch plus everything for a
mobile subscriber: registration,
authentication, handovers, call routing,
connection to fixed networks.
• Each switch handles dozens of cells
20. • HLR – database of all users + current location.
One per network
• VLR – database of users + roamers in some
geographic area. Caches the HLR
• EIR – database of valid equipment
• AuC – Database of users’ secret keys