Terminology and technology
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The influence of technology on the practice of terminology. Presentation ny Nick Crofts, chair of CIDOC, from ICOM Rio 2013, joint meeting of CIDOC, ICOFOM and ICTOP. August 15th 2013. UNIRIO, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Terminology and technology
- 1. The evolving relationship between Terminology and Technology Nicholas Crofts Chair ICOM CIDOC Rio de Janeiro August 2013
- 2. Premises 1. Words are a special case of signs or symbols any means of expression accepted in a society rests in principle upon a collective habit, or on convention Ferdinand de Saussure, Course in General Linguistics Signifier (1,n) signifies (0,n) Signified
- 3. Premises 1. For a large class of casesthough not for allin which we employ the word meaning it can be defined thus: the meaning of a word is its use in the language Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations Naming is one type of use Not all uses involve naming and, but, although, however, usually, therefore Functional and performative words
- 4. Premises 1. Terms are a subclass of names : Generic names Proper names Terminology = an organized system of names A term is a name used in a terminology Term (1,1) signifies (0,n) Signified
- 5. Themes Historical development of terminology Terms and Concepts Internal and External representation (technical view vs end user view)
- 6. Phases of terminology 1. Pre terminological 2. Terminological 3. Automation a) Codes for concepts b) Container / content c) Post-terminology
- 7. 1. Pre-terminological Socrates what is beauty? what is truth?... not a terminology debate not a system of terms focus is on concepts, the signified Words have ambiguous relations with concepts 1 word means many things, 1 thing represented by many words
- 8. Jacques-Louis David, La mort de Socrate
- 9. 2. Terminological 18th Century Enyclopaedias, dictionaries Carl von Linn辿 (Linneus) System of botanical taxonomy Systematic classification Taxon = a class of objects, not an individual. Unambiguous representation 1 term means 1 thing Term is an identifier Linnaea borealis (twinflower)
- 10. 3. Automated terminology Data = propositions represented in a machine processable form
- 11. Phase 1. Codes = concepts Internal representation = external representation Non human-readable form Code book needed for interpretation Dewey decimal classification Totally unambiguous No misleading connotations Language neutral
- 12. Phase 2: Container/content model it is important that each user employ the same terms to designate the same type of objects, hence the usefulness of creating a standard vocabulary Africom Handbook of Standards Machine readable and human readable CIDOC terminology standards WG Getty AAT, TGN, ULAN Elings, M.W. and Waibel, G. Metadata for all
- 13. Drawbacks Developing a terminology is hard work AAT 15 year period Inflexible, when terms evolve Natural language is polysemic and ambiguous Terminology is unnatural language Experts mind set Steve project revealed 86% mismatch http://www.museumsandtheweb.com/files/trantSteveResearchReport200 8.pdf Barriers to discovery
- 14. Phase 3. Post terminology Internal representation = codes User view = words RDF SKOS Multiple discovery paths Language neutral Terminology control unnecessary
- 16. Ontology model took place at had duration Period Place had member had participant Actor Event Individual Group 52 classes ~500000 named entities
- 17. Still plenty of work Concept management =/= terminology angst
Editor's Notes
- #4: Not usually encoded in RDF