Th? ng?n h¨¤ng
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T¨¤i li?u m? t? l?ch s? v¨¤ ph¨¢t tri?n c?a c¨¢c h? th?ng th? ng?n h¨¤ng, b?t ??u t? s? ra ??i c?a th? t¨ªn d?ng ??u ti¨ºn v¨¤o n?m 1946. Th? t¨ªn d?ng ?? ph¨¢t tri?n qua nhi?u giai ?o?n, bao g?m s? xu?t hi?n c?a c¨¢c t? ch?c nh? MasterCard v¨¤ Visa, c¨´ng nhi?u s?n ph?m th? kh¨¢c nhau. Ngo¨¤i ra, t¨¤i li?u c?ng ?i?m qua c¨¢c lo?i th?, ch?c n?ng c?a m¨¢y ATM v¨¤ vai tr¨° c?a c¨¢c b¨ºn li¨ºn quan trong qu¨¢ tr¨¬nh thanh to¨¢n.
Th? ng?n h¨¤ng
- 2. L?CH S?? PHA?T TRIE?N THE? NGA?N HA?NG L¨°ch s?? the? nga?n ha?ng ba¨¦t nguo¨¤n t?? vie?c ca¨´c ?a?i ly¨´ ba¨´n le? cung ca¨¢p t¨ªn du?ng cho kha¨´ch ha?ng (mua ha?ng tr??¨´c, tra? tie¨¤n sau) . Nhie¨¤u ?a?i ly¨´ nho? kho?ng ?u? kha? na¨ºng cung ca¨¢p t¨ªn du?ng cho ca¨´c kha¨´ch ha?ng cu?a ho? va? ?ie¨¤u na?y ta?o ?ie¨¤u kie?n cho
- 3. Va?o na¨ºm 1946, da?ng ?a¨¤u tie?n cu?a the? nga?n ha?ng la? Charg-It cu?a nga?n ha?ng John Biggins xua¨¢t hie?n ta?i My?. ?o¨´ la? mo?t he? tho¨¢ng t¨ªn du?ng cho phe¨´p ca¨´c kha¨´ch ha?ng th??c hie?n giao d¨°ch no?i ?¨°a ba¨¨ng ca¨´c ¡°phie¨¢u¡± co¨´ gia¨´ tr¨° do nga?n ha?ng pha¨´t ha?nh. He? tho¨¢ng na?y la? tie¨¤n ?e¨¤ cho vie?c pha¨´t ha?nh the? t¨ªn du?ng nga?n ha?ng ?a¨¤u tie?n cu?a nga?n ha?ng Franklin National,
- 4. - Va?o na¨ºm 1960, nga?n ha?ng Bank of America gi?¨´i thie?u sa?n pha?m the? nga?n ha?ng rie?ng cu?a m¨¬nh, the? Bank Americard ra ???i. - ?e? lie?n ke¨¢t ?e? ca?nh tranh v?¨´i to? ch?¨´c cu?a Bank of America,va?o na¨ºm 1966, 14 nga?n ha?ng My? lie?n ke¨¢t tha?nh to? ch?¨´c Interbank (Interbank Card Association-ICA),
- 5. Va?o na¨ºm 1967, bo¨¢n nga?n ha?ng California ?o?i te?n t?? California Bankcard Association tha?nh Western States BankCard Association (WSBA). Sa?n pha?m the? cu?a to? ch?¨´c WSBA la? Master Charge. To? ch?¨´c WSBA cu?ng ca¨¢p phe¨´p cho to? ch?¨´c Interbank s?? du?ng te?n va? th??ng hie?u cu?a MasterCharge.
- 6. -Va?o cuo¨¢i tha?p nie?n 1960, nhie¨¤u to? ch?¨´c ta?i ch¨ªnh ?a? tr?? tha?nh tha?nh vie?n cu?a MasterCharge va? ?u? s?¨´c ca?nh tranh v?¨´i Bank Americard. - Va?o na¨ºm 1968, Interbank m?? ro?ng tha?nh vie?n ra kho?i pha?m vi n??¨´c My?, lie?n ke¨¢t v?¨´i ca¨´c to? ch?¨´c ta?i ch¨ªnh Cha?u A?u h¨¬nh tha?nh the? Eurocard. - Tha?nh vie?n ?a¨¤u tie?n cu?a Nha?t tham gia va?o to? ch?¨´c Interbank va?o na¨ºm 1968.
- 7. Na¨ºm 1977, Bank Americard tr?? tha?nh Visa International. Na¨ºm 1979, Master Charge ?o?i te?n tha?nh MasterCard. Ngoa?i ra, co¨´ ca¨´c sa?n pha?m the? kha¨´c ????c h¨¬nh tha?nh nh? American Express va?o na¨ºm 1958, Diners Club va?o na¨ºm 1950, JCB va?o na¨ºm 1961.
- 8. NA?M 2001 2002 2003 2004* 1. The? Visa 2. MasterCar d 593,111 334,871 655,821 356,859 735,296 378.529 804,431 437,730 To?ng co?ng 927.982 1.012.6 80 1.113.82 5 1.242.16 1 Ba?ng 1.1 - So¨¢ lie?u ve¨¤ t¨¬nh h¨¬nh pha¨´t ha?nh the? tre?n the¨¢ gi?¨´i ??n v¨° t¨ªnh : ngh¨¬n the?
- 9. 1.Kha¨´i nie?m: The? la? ph??ng tie?n thanh toa¨´n kho?ng du?ng tie¨¤n ma?t, ma? ng???i s?? h??u co¨´ the? s?? du?ng ?e? ru¨´t tie¨¤n ma?t ta?i ca¨´c ma¨´y ATM, ca¨´c qua¨¤y t?? ?o?ng cu?a Nga?n ha?ng, ?o¨¤ng th??i co¨´ the? s?? du?ng the? ?e? thanh toa¨´n tie¨¤n ha?ng ho¨´a d¨°ch vu? ta?i ca¨´c c? The? do ca¨´c to? ch?¨´c ta?i ch¨ªnh pha¨´t ha?nh
- 10. 2.Mo? ta? ky? thua?t (trang 119) The? la?m ba¨¨ng nh??a c?¨´ng, plastique kich th??¨´c 96 mm x 54 mm x 0.76 mm PIN (Personal Identification
- 11. M?T TR??C ? T¨ºn NH ph¨¢t h¨¤nh th? ? Bi?u t??ng, logo ? S? th? ? Th?i h?n hi?u l?c ? T¨ºn ch? th?
- 12. VISA CARD
- 13. The? t¨ªn du?ng quo¨¢c te¨¢ (Master)
- 14. The? t¨ªn du?ng quo¨¢c te¨¢(VISA)
- 17. The? ghi n?? quo¨¢c te¨¢
- 18. THE? GHI N?? QUO?C TE?
- 19. Th? Amex
- 20. Th? Amex
- 21. Th? Amex
- 22. Th? JCB
- 23. MA?T SAU THE? THANH TOA?N
- 24. M?T SAU ? B?ng gi?y tr?ng: ch? k? ch? th? ? B?ng t?:ch?a c¨¢c th?ng tin: - S? PIN - Th?i h?n hi?u l?c - S? ti?n s? d?ng t?i ?a m?i l?n ho?c h?n m?c s? d?ng - Ng¨¤y giao d?ch cu?i c¨´ng
- 25. 3.Ca¨´c loa?i the? va? co?ng du?ng a. The? ATM (ATM card: Automated Teller Machine Card) b. The? thanh toa¨´n (Payment card) ? The? ghi n?? (Debit card) ? The? t¨ªn du?ng (Credit card¨´) ? The? quo¨¢c te¨¢ (International Card) Visa Card, Marter card, American Express card, JCB card¡
- 26. M?Y ATM F12 ? Ch?c n?ng: ¨C R¨²t ti?n m?t ¨C Chuy?n kho?n ¨C Tra s? d? ¨C ??i m?t m? ? L?p ??t: ¨C T?i s?nh giao d?ch ? Th?i gian ph?c v?: ¨C Gi? l¨¤m vi?c ? C¨® 1 h?p ??ng ti?n
- 27. M?Y ATM F16 ? Ch?c n?ng: ¨C R¨²t ti?n m?t ¨C Chuy?n kho?n ¨C Tra s? d? ¨C ??i m?t m? ? L?p ??t: ¨C T?i s?nh giao d?ch ? Th?i gian ph?c v?: ¨C Gi? l¨¤m vi?c ? C¨® 4 h?p ??ng ti?n
- 28. M?Y ATM F34 ? Ch?c n?ng: ¨C R¨²t ti?n m?t ¨C G?i ti?n ¨C Chuy?n kho?n ¨C Tra s? d? ¨C ??i m?t m? ? L?p ??t: ¨C Trong nh¨¤ ho?c ngo¨¤i tr?i ? Th?i gian ph?c v?: ¨C 24 x7 ? T¨ªnh n?ng kh¨¢c: ¨C C¨® 4 h?p ??ng ti?n
- 29. M? T? H? TH?NG ? M¨¤n h¨¬nh ? B¨¤n ph¨ªm ? N?p th? ? Ho¨¢ ??n giao d?ch ? Ti?n m?t ? Phong b¨¬ g?i ti?n
- 30. ? Nh?n ti?n g?i qua ATM ? Ph?c v? su?t ng¨¤y ?¨ºm (k? c? ch? nh?t v¨¤ ng¨¤y l?). ? Giao di?n song ng? Anh- Vi?t, c¨® ?m thanh h??ng d?n T?NH N?NG CHUNG
- 31. ? Qua h? th?ng ATM 24/24 c?a Ng?n h¨¤ng ??ng ? ? Qua h? m¨¢y POS ? M?ng l??i r¨²t ti?n m?t r?ng tr¨ºn to¨¤n qu?c: ¨C 33 Chi nh¨¢nh, ph¨°ng giao d?ch c?a NH?A ¨C G?n 40 c?a h¨¤ng n? trang c?a PNJ v¨¤ c¨¢c c?a h¨¤ng v¨¤ng t? nh?n ¨C H¨¤ng ch?c m¨¢y ATM 24/24 R?T Ti?N M?T
- 32. ? Ph?c v? su?t ng¨¤y ?¨ºm, c? ch? nh?t v¨¤ ng¨¤y l? ? L?n ??u ti¨ºn c¨® t?i Vi?t Nam ? Th?c hi?n an to¨¤n ? Qui tr¨¬nh ch?t ch?, tin c?y G?I Ti?N QUA ATM
- 33. ? S? ti?n vay ??n 50 tri?u ??ng ? Th?i h?n vay ??n 3 th¨¢ng ? ?¨¢p ?ng nhu c?u chi ti¨ºu ??t xu?t ? Gi?i quy?t thi?u h?t ng?n h?n t¨¤i ch¨ªnh gia ?¨¬nh VAY TI?N (TH?U CHI)
- 34. ? Chuy?n ti?n ? Nh?n ti?n ? Thanh to¨¢n ho¨¢ ??n CHUY?N KHO?N
- 35. ? C¨¢c h? th?ng si¨ºu th? tr¨ºn to¨¤n qu?c ? C¨¢c c?a h¨¤ng n? trang, v¨¤ng b?c ? Nh¨¤ h¨¤ng, kh¨¢ch s?n, shop th?i trang MUA S?M
- 36. CA?C CHU? THE? THAM GIA 1. Chu? the? (Cardholder) Ng???i s?? du?ng the? thanh toa¨´n. 2. ?a?i ly¨´ cha¨¢p nha?n the? (Merchant) N?i cha¨¢p nha?n thanh toa¨´n ba¨¨ng the?. 3. To? ch?¨´c pha¨´t ha?nh the? (Issuer) To? ch?¨´c pha¨´t ha?nh the? thanh toa¨´n. 4. To? ch?¨´c thanh toa¨´n the? (Acquirer) To? ch?¨´c cung ca¨¢p d¨°ch vu? cho ?a?i ly¨´ cha¨¢p nha?n thanh toa¨´n the?. 5. Visacard, Mastercard¡kie?m tra le?nh chi
- 37. POS
- 38. Sale slips
- 39. Imprinter
- 40. C¨¤ th? (Operation Imprinter)
- 41. QUY TR?NH CHUA?N CHI Cardholder Chu? the? Acquirer Nga?n ha?ng thanh toa¨´n Merchants ?a?i Ly¨´ To? ch?¨´c thanh toa¨´n the? quo¨¢c te¨¢ Issuer Nga?n ha?ng pha¨´t ha?nh Stand-in Processing He? tho¨¢ng chua?n chi d?? pho?ng
- 42. Nh??ng l??i ¨ªch cu?a the? thanh toa¨´n ? @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i ng???i s?? du?ng the? ? @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i nga?n ha?ng pha¨´t ha?nh the? ? @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i nga?n ha?ng thanh toa¨´n the? ? @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i c? s?? cha¨¢p nha?n the? (??n v¨° co¨´ thie¨¢t b¨° kie?m tra va? ?o?c the?, ca? the?)
- 43. @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i ng???i chu? the? ? - Thua?n tie?n cho vie?c thanh toa¨´n nhanh cho¨´ng, ch¨ªnh xa¨´c va? tie?n l??i ? - La? mo?t h¨¬nh th?¨´c ma? g??i tie¨¤n mo?t n?i, s?? du?ng ????c nhie¨¤u n?i, vie?c s?? du?ng de? da?ng, an toa?n, va¨ºn minh, ve? sinh va? hie?n ?a?i . ? - Co¨´ the? s?? du?ng the? tre?n pha?m vi to?an quo¨¢c va? quo¨¢c te¨¢ ? - Co¨´ the? ????c nga?n ha?ng cho vay tie¨¤n s?? du?ng tr??¨´c tra? sau ma? kho?ng ca¨¤n pha?i the¨¢ cha¨¢p (tha¨¢u chi). ? - ?a?c bie?t khi co¨´ the? (the? ghi n?? va? the? t¨ªn du?ng) trong tu¨´i, ng???i chu? the? se? ra¨¢t t?? tin ve¨¤ kha? na¨ºng ta?i ch¨ªnh va? ca?m tha¨¢y m¨¬nh sang tro?ng, t??
- 44. @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i nga?n ha?ng pha¨´t ha?nh the? ? - Nga?n ha?ng ?a da?nh ho¨´a ????c sa?n pha?m d¨°ch vu?. ? - Ta¨ºng doanh thu thu ????c ph¨ª cu?a ca? hai be?n: Ph¨ª thu t?? chu? the? va? ph¨ª t?? ?a?i ly¨´ cha¨¢p nha?n the?. ? - Nga?n ha?ng thu hu¨´t kha¨´ch ha?ng ?e¨¢n giao d¨°ch v?¨´i nga?n ha?ng. ? - Huy ?o?ng ????c vo¨¢n v?¨´i so¨¢ l???ng l?¨´n tre?n ta?i kho?an tie¨¤n g??i cu?a chu? the? v?¨´i la?i sua¨¢t tha¨¢p va? m?? ro?ng t¨ªn du?ng tho?ng qua tha¨¢u chi hay the? t¨ªn du?ng. ? - Tuy nhie?n trong giai ?oa?n ?a¨¤u chi ph¨ª cho nh??ng nga?n ha?ng pha¨´t ha?nh the? la? ra¨¢t l?¨´n va? ca¨´c nga?n ha?ng ca¨¤n chu¨´ y¨´: hie?u qua? trong pha¨´t ha?nh the? kho?ng
- 45. @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i nga?n ha?ng thanh toa¨´n the? ? Nga?n ha?ng thanh toa¨´n co¨´ the? gia ta¨ºng l??i nhua?n t?? pha¨¤n hoa ho¨¤ng ????c h???ng khi la?m trung gian thanh toa¨´n, co¨´ the?m ca¨´c d¨°ch vu? thanh toa¨´n m?¨´i ?e? phu?c vu? kha¨´ch ha?ng hie?n co¨´.
- 46. @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i c? s?? cha¨¢p nha?n the? (??n v¨° co¨´ thie¨¢t b¨° kie?m tra va? ?o?c the?, ca? the?) ? - Thu hu¨´t nhie¨¤u kha¨´ch ha?ng s?? du?ng the?. ? - ?a da?ng ho¨´a h¨¬nh th?¨´c thanh toa¨´n se? giu¨´p ca¨´c ??n v¨° kinh doanh ta?o thua?n tie?n cho kha¨´ch ha?ng trong vie?c thanh toa¨´n ? - ?a?c bie?t la? kha¨´ch du l¨°ch quo¨¢c te¨¢ hie?n nay ?a?i ?a so¨¢ ho? du?ng the? va? nh??ng ng???i gia?u co¨´ (chu? the)? hay ?i sie?u
- 47. @ ?o¨¢i v?¨´i xa? ho?i ? - Gia?m ????c nhie¨¤u chi ph¨ª cho xa? ho?i: Thanh toa¨´n qua the? se? gia?m ????c kho¨¢i l???ng tie¨¤n ma?t trong l?u tho?ng ? - Thanh to¨´an ba¨¨ng the? se? ?em la?i ne¨¤n va¨ºn minh l¨°ch s?? trong thanh to¨´an ? - He? tho¨¢ng nga?n ha?ng thu hu¨´t ????c nguo¨¤n vo¨¢n ta?m th??i nha?n ro?i ?e? ta?i tr?? cho ne¨¤n kinh te¨¢ v?¨´i la?i sua¨¢t tha¨¢p. ? - Go¨´p pha¨¤n kie?m soa¨´t va? ta¨ºng nguo¨¤n thu cho Nha? n??¨´c