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The 4 factors of production
Land
 often described as the free gifts of
nature, the factor of production
Land includes natural resources
such as minerals, oil, coal, the
sea, the fishes in the sea, plus land
itself. One of the problems of
describing what is meant by land is
that as soon as something is
added to it, for example fertilizer to
soil, it quickly becomes someone's
capital. So when describing land, it
is best to stick to the free gifts of
nature definition.
 perhaps the most important
resource in any developed
country. Labour includes the
skills of those who work, as well
as the quantity of people who
work or who are available for
work. In the UK there are labour
shortages, often for skilled jobs,
but also for manual workers in
areas where the cost of living is
high. Shortages of skilled labour
can push up wage rates.
 this means money
invested into a business.
But because the money
invested does not just sit
in a bank, but is turned
into productive goods
that are used within the
business, a businesses
capital can include
, machinery, buildings, va
ns, computers etc., as
well as cash.
 Is the ability to combine the other
factors of production, and then to use
them to provide profitably, goods or
services.
Whatever the product, whatever the
service, they will all need some
combination of all four factors of
production to be produced. The
actual mix will depend on the product
or service, for example the key factor
for an oil well is land, but without the
other 3 factors no oil will be produced.
For a bank, capital is the most
important factor, and for a football
team labour - but again without the
other factors there is can be no
Barclays Bank, no BP or Tesco and
there is no Manchester United.
The 4 factors of production
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The 4 factors of production

  • 2. Land often described as the free gifts of nature, the factor of production Land includes natural resources such as minerals, oil, coal, the sea, the fishes in the sea, plus land itself. One of the problems of describing what is meant by land is that as soon as something is added to it, for example fertilizer to soil, it quickly becomes someone's capital. So when describing land, it is best to stick to the free gifts of nature definition.
  • 3. perhaps the most important resource in any developed country. Labour includes the skills of those who work, as well as the quantity of people who work or who are available for work. In the UK there are labour shortages, often for skilled jobs, but also for manual workers in areas where the cost of living is high. Shortages of skilled labour can push up wage rates.
  • 4. this means money invested into a business. But because the money invested does not just sit in a bank, but is turned into productive goods that are used within the business, a businesses capital can include , machinery, buildings, va ns, computers etc., as well as cash.
  • 5. Is the ability to combine the other factors of production, and then to use them to provide profitably, goods or services. Whatever the product, whatever the service, they will all need some combination of all four factors of production to be produced. The actual mix will depend on the product or service, for example the key factor for an oil well is land, but without the other 3 factors no oil will be produced. For a bank, capital is the most important factor, and for a football team labour - but again without the other factors there is can be no Barclays Bank, no BP or Tesco and there is no Manchester United.