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The genitive

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Ritva Tammi
Ritva Tammi

The document discusses the genitive case in Finnish. It notes that the ending of the singular genitive is -n. It is used to express possession like in English. The stem form without the -n ending is needed to form other cases in Finnish. It also discusses consonant changes that occur in different cases, like t becoming d, and provides examples like katu becoming kadun in the genitive case. It includes a table showing the main consonant changes that are integral to the Finnish language.

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THEGENITIVECASE In Finnish Ritva Tammi 2014
THEENDINGOF THESINGULARGENITIVEIS –N-THEGENITIVEIS USEDTO EXPRESS THE’S ANDOFOFENGLISH: PETER’SGARDEN/ THEGARDENOF PETERTHEGENITIVEMINUSITSENDING–NIS THEFORMCALLEDTHESTEMOF THEWORD -THESTEMFORMIS NEEDEDTO FORMMANYOF THEOTHERCASESIN FINNISH’ A STREET’ IS KATU -> (GENITIVE:) KADUN … (MINUS–N)= > KADU-(WHICHIS THESTEM) Pekanvaimo (Pekka’swife) kadun nimi (thenameofthestreet)
FURTHERUSESOF THEGENITIVE Thegenitiveshows… … theconsonantchangesoccurringin variouscases •liketchanginginto->dkatu -> kadulla … vowelchanges •likeibecoming->eSuomi-> Suomessa
CONSONANTCHANGESARE INTEGRAL TO FINNISH LANGUAGE T, K, PARE THE MAIN CONSONANTS TO BE CHANGED: WHEN THEY APPEAR IN DOUBLE FORM IN THE BASIC FORM OF THE WORD … THEY BECOME SINGLE … AS CERTAIN ENDINGS (LIKE THE –N OF THE GENITIVE) ARE ADDED TO THE WORD TT ->T KK-> K PP->P
CHANGES IN CERTAIN COMBINATIONS THE CONSONANTS T,KANDP IN CERTAIN OTHER COMBINATIONS WITH OTHER CONSONANTS ALSO CHANGE: NT-> NN NK-> NG
OPEN SYLLABLES AND CLOSED SYLLABLES OPEN SYLLABLE IS ONE THAT ENDS IN A VOWEL …LIKE’KATU’ … AND WHEN YOUADD A CONSONANT (LIKE THE GENITIVE –N) KATU -> KADUN(T-> D) THIS IS A CONSTANT CHANGE APPEARING EVERYWHERE IN THE LANGUAGE!
TABLE–THEMAIN CONSONANTCHANGES T -> D KATU astreet KADULLA ON THE STREET K -> disappears TURKU TOWN IN FINLAND TURUSSA IN TURKU P> V KYLPY abath KYLVYSSÄ IN A BATH TT -> T KONSERTTI aconcert KONSERTISSA IN A CONCERT KK -> K PENKKI abench PENKILLÄ ON A BENCH PP -> P KAUPPA ashop KAUPASSA IN A SHOP NK -> NG AURINKO thesun AURINGOSSA IN THESUN NT -> NN GOTLANTI Got(t)land GOTLANNISSA IN GOTLAND
-> MONIKON GENETIIVI -> practise the GENITIVE …KENEN avaimet?

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The genitive

  • 1. THEGENITIVECASE In Finnish Ritva Tammi 2014
  • 2. THEENDINGOF THESINGULARGENITIVEIS –N-THEGENITIVEIS USEDTO EXPRESS THE’S ANDOFOFENGLISH: PETER’SGARDEN/ THEGARDENOF PETERTHEGENITIVEMINUSITSENDING–NIS THEFORMCALLEDTHESTEMOF THEWORD -THESTEMFORMIS NEEDEDTO FORMMANYOF THEOTHERCASESIN FINNISH’ A STREET’ IS KATU -> (GENITIVE:) KADUN … (MINUS–N)= > KADU-(WHICHIS THESTEM) Pekanvaimo (Pekka’swife) kadun nimi (thenameofthestreet)
  • 3. FURTHERUSESOF THEGENITIVE Thegenitiveshows… … theconsonantchangesoccurringin variouscases •liketchanginginto->dkatu -> kadulla … vowelchanges •likeibecoming->eSuomi-> Suomessa
  • 4. CONSONANTCHANGESARE INTEGRAL TO FINNISH LANGUAGE T, K, PARE THE MAIN CONSONANTS TO BE CHANGED: WHEN THEY APPEAR IN DOUBLE FORM IN THE BASIC FORM OF THE WORD … THEY BECOME SINGLE … AS CERTAIN ENDINGS (LIKE THE –N OF THE GENITIVE) ARE ADDED TO THE WORD TT ->T KK-> K PP->P
  • 5. CHANGES IN CERTAIN COMBINATIONS THE CONSONANTS T,KANDP IN CERTAIN OTHER COMBINATIONS WITH OTHER CONSONANTS ALSO CHANGE: NT-> NN NK-> NG
  • 6. OPEN SYLLABLES AND CLOSED SYLLABLES OPEN SYLLABLE IS ONE THAT ENDS IN A VOWEL …LIKE’KATU’ … AND WHEN YOUADD A CONSONANT (LIKE THE GENITIVE –N) KATU -> KADUN(T-> D) THIS IS A CONSTANT CHANGE APPEARING EVERYWHERE IN THE LANGUAGE!
  • 7. TABLE–THEMAIN CONSONANTCHANGES T -> D KATU astreet KADULLA ON THE STREET K -> disappears TURKU TOWN IN FINLAND TURUSSA IN TURKU P> V KYLPY abath KYLVYSSÄ IN A BATH TT -> T KONSERTTI aconcert KONSERTISSA IN A CONCERT KK -> K PENKKI abench PENKILLÄ ON A BENCH PP -> P KAUPPA ashop KAUPASSA IN A SHOP NK -> NG AURINKO thesun AURINGOSSA IN THESUN NT -> NN GOTLANTI Got(t)land GOTLANNISSA IN GOTLAND
  • 8. -> MONIKON GENETIIVI -> practise the GENITIVE …KENEN avaimet?