The human heart
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This lecture covers the fundamentals of heart function from an engineering perspective. The objectives are to understand the heart as a pump using gradual explanations, explore the relationship between electrical conduction and pumping, examine how chemistry affects pumping, analyze abnormalities using engineering principles, and relate medical terminology to engineering concepts. Key topics include the heart's electrical conduction system, factors influencing pumping efficiency, and exploring sudden cardiac death in athletes.
The human heart
- 1. SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 2. OBJECTIVES OF THIS LECTURE Understanding the heart as a pump and blood flow using a gradual approach going from simple analogies to the more complex Relationship between the electrical conduction in the heart and the role in pumping Relationship between chemistry and some of its effect on pumping Abnormalities in the heart and relationship to disease and understanding them using engineering principles Medical terminology and its relationship to engineering parameters SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU , 2
- 3. Basic Pump Volume delivered/stroke = V-VR VR /V is called the ejection fraction SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 4. FIRST MATH SLIDE SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 5. LAST MATH SLIDE P2 = 留h P1 = 硫(留h * L *亮 * V)/(AREA OF PIPE) Calculate 留 and 硫 based on what you have learned from Laminar flow theory SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 6. Coupled pumps: both pumps are actuated at the same time SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 7. OVERVIEW O9F THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 8. 70 ML/ BEAT PER VENTRICLE SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 9. SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 10. MAJOR TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 11. P What happens to the pressure P if the complete cardiovascular System is represented as a balloon? SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 12. P What happens to the pressure, P, if the balloon is encased in Jello? SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 13. SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 14. ASYNCHRONOUS PUMPING SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 15. SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 16. The SA node is the pacemaker The time delay at the AV node ensures That the atria contract First and then the ventricles SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 17. CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 18. SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 19. CORONORY CIRCULATION SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 20. ANGIOGRAM OF A HEALTHY HEART SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 21. SOME ENGINEERING FACTORS EFFICIENCY OF THE PUMP HEART MUSCLE, PARAMETERS CONDUCTION SYSTEM EFFICIENCY OF CONVERSION OF ENERGY CORONORY CIRCULATION RESISTANCE TO BLOOD FLOW OBSTRUCTIONS VISCOSITY OF BLOOD DIAMETER OF VESSELS HORMONAL FACTORS SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 22. SUDDEN DEATH IN ATHLETES CARDIOMYOPATHY AND ITS RELATION TO EXERCISE Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes thick. The thickening makes it harder for blood to leave the heart, forcing the heart to work harder to pump blood. Sudden death is associated with vigorous exercise and has occurred to some professional and collegiate athletes Other factors, maybe the decrease in conduction velocities due to Anaerobic metabolism leading to Arrythmias SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU
- 23. INFLUENCE DIAGRAM IN SUDDEN DEATH SREERAM (RAM) DHURJATY, PHD, DHURJATY@AYA.YALE.EDU