The Internet And International Relations
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The document discusses the democratic nature of social media and its impact on international relations. It provides examples of how social media like Twitter helped coordinate protests in countries like Iran, Ukraine, and the Philippines that influenced political changes. However, it also notes limitations of social media in overcoming censorship and digital divides. While social media can distribute power and transparency, it may also enable extremism. The long term impact on democracy is still unclear.
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The document discusses the global digital divide, which refers to unequal access to and use of digital technologies between different countries and regions of the world. It notes that previous research has not sufficiently considered how political violence impacts internet development. The study examines cross-country data on computer and internet penetration and identifies several key determinants of the digital divide, including infrastructure access, demographic factors like age and urbanization, economic variables like income per capita, and institutional quality or policy environments. Significant divides still exist between developed and developing regions in terms measures like computers and internet users per 100 people. Bridging the global digital divide will require addressing issues of access, affordability, and digital skills.64The Empire Strikes Back Social Media Uprisings and .docx
64The Empire Strikes Back Social Media Uprisings and .docxevonnehoggarth79783
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The document discusses the role of social media in political activism, particularly highlighting the case of Neda Agha-Soltan during the 2009 Iranian protests, whose death became a symbol of opposition amplified by digital platforms. It emphasizes how social media enables citizens to bypass state-controlled media and facilitates the organization and expression of political dissent, while also noting the limitations and challenges that arise from cyber activism alone. The article concludes with a reflection on the implications of digital technology for contemporary protest movements and the ongoing struggle for democratic reform.Journalism, Disinformation and Facebook: How to Survive an Earthquake
Journalism, Disinformation and Facebook: How to Survive an EarthquakeSelf-employed
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The document discusses the current challenges facing journalism, particularly in the context of digital disruption, disinformation, and the influence of social media platforms like Facebook. It highlights the crisis in democratic societies due to a deteriorating consensus on truth and the role of misinformation in political dynamics, as seen in events like Brexit. The call to action emphasizes the need for journalists to adapt by focusing on verification, sense-making, and building trust in a rapidly evolving information landscape.Journalism, Disinformation and Facebook: How to Survive an Earthquake
Journalism, Disinformation and Facebook: How to Survive an EarthquakeSelf-employed
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This document summarizes a presentation about the challenges facing journalism in a time of increasing disinformation and the shifting power dynamics around information distribution. It notes that journalism is struggling to find a business model in the digital age. Additionally, social networks have disrupted established flows of information and given more power to opaque algorithms and private companies over public discourse. This poses challenges for democracy, which requires some consensus around facts and truth. The presentation calls for rethinking how journalism engages audiences and addresses the root issues rather than just focusing on internal changes. Cooperation is needed between various actors to address problems that no single group can solve alone.Scanning the Digital Landscape
Scanning the Digital Landscape Philippine Press Institute
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The document discusses how the digital landscape has changed with the digital revolution. It notes that digital technologies have allowed more information to be widely accessible, but this has also led to the proliferation of misinformation. While digital technologies have benefited many, there remains a digital divide where not all populations have access or ability to use digital tools. The abundance of information from various sources on the internet has made it difficult for people to determine what is truthful news versus propaganda or unverified opinions.Global, Mobile Internets lecture - USYD MECO3065
Global, Mobile Internets lecture - USYD MECO3065University of Sydney
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Global and mobile internets are created locally but have become global technologies. While the internet is imagined differently in various places, understanding its local contexts and histories is important to comprehending its role in globalization. Debate around internet freedom emerged as the internet became a mass medium, with different countries and activists promoting open or regulated visions of the internet.[2011] Citizen techology & Open Government - Jared Ford
[2011] Citizen techology & Open Government - Jared Ford e-Democracy Conference
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The document discusses the role of citizen technology and open government in promoting efficient, accountable governance and enhancing democratic institutions. It highlights the influence of social media on political mobilization, particularly in events like the Arab Spring, as well as the importance of citizen oversight in democratic governance. Recommendations include structuring government documents, improving access to data, and utilizing cloud-based solutions to engage citizens effectively.Ad
The Internet And International Relations
- 1. The Internet and International Relations The Democratic Nature of Social Media Presentation by David Quinn
- 2. Information technology (IT) has become an Introduction essential tool for the global circulation of power, waging of war, and imagining of peace Der Derian (2003)
- 3. Examples
- 4. The Philippines | 2002 Protests by text messages to mobilize & coordinate their action TXT MSG traffic doubled to over 70 million a day* Intensity of the protests forced the Supreme Court to declare the presidency void *(NP Action, 2005).
- 5. Ukraine | (2004) Text messages played a role in coordinating young Ukrainians in their Orange Revolution Internet was used to recruit volunteers, organise campaigns, raise funds, report breaking news Protests led to a re-vote
- 6. Iran | (2009) Role of social media as a communication tool in coordinating and publicizing mass protests Twitter provided up-to-the- minute updates from the street level Global media forced to rely on Twitter feeds Viral videos - Death of Iranian woman caught on camera phone spread
- 7. CNN
- 8. Iran | (2009) Government succeeded in imposing restrictions on Internet use and TXT MSG Twitter proved virtually impervious In less than a month tweets about the elections from approximately 480,000 users
- 10. Impact of Twitter widely heralded as victory for democracy Questioning Real impact on international the Hype relations is still far from understood Longer term impact less clear
- 11. Did Twitter fundamentally alter the future of Iran? or Did it merely serve to function as a lot of digital hot air?
- 12. Assessing the Democratic Nature of the Internet & New Media
- 13. Democratic Nature of the Internet Deeply embedded ideological belief: Regan (1989): the Goliath of totalitarianism will be brought down by the David of the microchip Barlow (1996): act of naturewhere all may enter without privilege or prejudice according by race, economic power, military force, or station of birth. Hattotuwa (2009): technologies that work in concert to empower communities to better engage with governance and democracy
- 14. Democratization of the Media Decentralization of the media Media culture from passive to active participation Increased transparency of information Questions over accuracy of information
- 15. Democratization of Power It diffuses and redistributes power and points of centralization. Cannot direct one another by force Challenges traditional power of governments and states. Enables different actors to produce deep global effects.
- 16. Make Poverty History campaign
- 17. Democratization of Extremism Concerns about destabilizing externalities. Sunstein (2001) - Personalization of the Internet: breeding ground for extremism.
- 18. 堰看敬艶厩艶姻. Etling et al. (2009) - infrastructure for expressing minority points of view. Beckman Centre for Internet and Society (2009) - Very little support for terrorism or violent jihad in the Arabic blogosphere and quite a lot of concern.
- 19. Empirical Work
- 20. Best and Wade (2005) Measure the global effect of the Internet on democracy over the period 1992 to 2002. Internet penetration explains more variation in the democratic development within a country than does literacy rates and some of the geographic regions. Butacknowledge the degree to which the Internet affects a nation is likely to be subject to a large number of variables.
- 21. Limitations of the Internet & Social Media on Democracy
- 22. Limitations in the Digital Divide 1.6 billion Internet users worldwide. 70% live in the 24 richest countries. Developing countries account for just 13.2% Half of all web pages in English
- 23. but potential for expansion Mobile phones are critical element in the dissemination of information globally Mobile phone subscribers are increasing globally By 2011, it is estimated that there will be another billion mobile phone owners One Laptop Per Child (www.laptop.org)
- 24. For all their promise, there are sharp limits on what Twitter and other Web tools such as Limitations Facebook and blogs can do for citizens in authoritarian societies...no amount of Twittering forced Irans leaders to change course. John Palfrey et al. (2009:1)
- 25. 1. Information hard to distil 2. Governments can limit access to the Internet when threatened 3. The demographics of online communities 4. Authoritarian regimes can also commandeer the Internet for their own means
- 27. Conclusions This points towards an efficacy of the Internet Fear of larger economic and political consequences = prevention of further censorship Iran, Ukraine and the Philippines highlight the ability of the Internet to be forefront of global political change,
- 28. Conclusions Internet = powerful tool for fostering democracy and development. Policy makers should not organise or control the Internet, but instead ensure that people have the access and training to effectively participate online.