The Last Supper
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The document summarizes the traditions and rituals associated with the Jewish Passover Seder meal. It describes the symbolic foods placed on the Seder plate and explains the 15 steps that are followed during the ritual meal, including blessings, hand washings, eating bitter herbs and matzah. It notes that scholars believe elements of the Last Supper that Jesus shared with his disciples may have corresponded with steps 8 and 13 of the traditional Seder.
The Last Supper
- 1. The Last Supper A Jewish Seder Experience
- 2. PASSOVER Famine led Hebrews into Egypt Kept as slaves for over 100 years Moses demanded Pharoah release the slaves Last plague involved death of the firstborn Homes with lambs blood on doorposts were passed over
- 3. PASSOVER Pesach celebrates the event Blood came from lamb sacrificed Celebrated on 14 th day of Nisan In Israel seven day/only one seder Outside Israel, eight days/two seders
- 4. SEDER Meal used to retell the story of the Exodus Haggadah is the book used for the story Each item/food has a special meaning The word means order
- 5. SEDER PLATE All food is placed on the plate
- 6. MAROR Bitter herb Usually horseradish or romaine lettuce Symbolizes the bitterness of slavery
- 7. CHAROSET Mixture of apples, nuts and wine Symbolizes the mortar used to make bricks while in slavery
- 8. KARPAS Green Vegetable Usually celery Symbolizes the onset of spring and the hope that comes with it
- 9. ZROA Roasted shankbone of a lamb Symbolizes the Paschal sacrifice made every year
- 10. BEITZAH Hard-boiled or roasted egg Symbolizes festival sacrifice made every year
- 11. MEI MILACH Saltwater Tears shed during slavery
- 12. MATZAH Three used in the seder Represents the priests, Levites, Israelites
- 13. STEP ONE--KADESH Make the KIDDUSH-a blessing Everyone drinks from a special glass called a KOS First of four glasses of wine
- 14. STEP TWO--URCHATZ Ceremonial washing of the hands Dates from the time of the Temple Anytime food is dipped in a liquid and eaten
- 15. STEP THREE--KARPAS Karpas is dipped into saltwater Karpas is eaten to symbolize even in the tears of slavery there is hope
- 16. STEP FOUR--YACHATZ Middle matzah is broken Larger piece is hidden as the AFIKOMAN AFIKOMAN may be stolen by the children and held for ransom Smaller piece is returned to seder plate
- 17. STEP FIVE--MAGGID The telling of the Exodus story Even seder is celebrated alone, this must be done The youngest present asks the Four Questions All begin with Why is this night different from all other nights?
- 18. STEP SIX--RACHTAZ Wash hands before meal Formal blessing whenever bread is eaten
- 19. STEP SEVEN--MOTZI Blessing of the Matzah Afikoman is not blessed
- 20. STEP EIGHT--MATZAH Second blessing of the matzah Probably the point when Jesus broke the bread
- 21. STEP NINE--MARROR Marror is eaten Marror is dipped into charoset
- 22. STEP TEN--KORECH Matzah and Marror sandwich Done in commemoration of the Temple Done because there is no Temple in which to sacrifice
- 23. STEP ELEVENSHULCHAN ORECH Festive Meal Any food is allowed Nothing may be roasted
- 24. STEP TWELVE--TZAFUN Hidden Matzah is eaten by midnight Ransom paid of children have stolen it Other Matzah may be used if children cannot remember where it is
- 25. STEP THIRTEEN--BARECH Blessing after the meal Third cup of wine is drunk Cup of the Eucharist
- 26. STEP FOURTEEN--HALLEL Singing of Psalms
- 27. STEP FIFTEEN--NIRTZAH Final prayer of Thanksgiving Prayer that God will accept the offering that has been made
- 28. LAST SUPPER ADDITIONS Jesus washed the feet of his disciples Women did not eat with men Institution Narrative during step 8 & 13 After dinner they went to the Mount of Olives Sang the Hallel
- 29. INSTITUTION NARRATIVE MT 26:26-29 MK 14:22-26 LK 22:14-23 1 Cor 11:23-25