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The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan

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Arbor Day Foundation
Arbor Day Foundation

This document outlines an Urban Site Index (USI) system for assessing street tree planting sites on a large scale. It describes using field observations to assign a numeric score from 0-20 to quantify site quality factors like soil compaction, development, and street characteristics. Site evaluations are categorized and corresponding tree size classes are assigned. A master planting design process is proposed using these evaluations, a community map, and species assignment guidelines to systematically plan future street tree plantings across an entire community regardless of current conditions. Benefits include long-range planning, reduced guesswork, monitoring opportunities, and buy-in from residents and nurseries.

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Ohio Urban Site Index & Master Planting Design
Ohio Division of Forestry Urban Forestry Assistance Program Steph Miller Alan Siewert
Ohio 2000’s • Aging Tree Commissions • Knowledge • Experience • Retirements • Emerald Ash Borer • The Great Recession Photo: Dr. Dan Herms, Ohio State University
Problem Solving Criteria • Simple • Non-foresters • Cheap • Fast • Easy to understand • Systematic • Large scale
What Do We Really Need For Large Scale Sites? • Identify Site Constraints • Treelawn Width • Overhead Utility • Soil • Salt/Traffic Pattern • Traffic Use/Parking/Curbing
Urban Site Index USI • Site Quality • Compaction • Structure • Soil Health • Salt/Traffic Pattern Quantitative/Measurable Use Field Data & Score Sheets
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
Urban Site Index • A rapid assessment process to quantify the severity/quality of street planting sites • Based on easily obtained field observations • Results in a numeric assessment: 0-20
Urban Site Index 8 Observations 4 Soil Observations • Scored 0-3 4 Street observations • Scored 0-2
4 Soil Observations • Vegetation • Surface compaction • Probe penetration • Soil development
Vegetation 0 Bare dirt, gravel or some sort of pavement 1 Sparse weeds with some dirt showing 2 Patchy grass and weeds 3 Lush grass some weed ok
Surface Compaction 0 No soil, pavement 1 Hard, like walking on office carpeting 2 Some give, like walking on padded carpet 3 Cushioned give, like walking on deep pile padding
Probe/Shovel Penetration 0 No soil, pavement 1 Goes in, but not completely 2 Goes in, but requires lots of effort 3 Goes in fully with ease
Soil Development 0 No soil, pavement 1 No top soil, un-layered sub soil, or clear separation between top & subsoil 2 Layering in soil from old native soil 3 Good, deep topsoil with only the A horizon in the probe
4 Street Observations • Speed • Lanes • Parking • Length between traffic control devices
Speed 0 50 mph or greater 1 35-45 mph 2 Less than 30
Lanes 0 6 or more 1 3-5 lanes 2 2 lanes
Parking 1 No street parking 2 On street parking
Length Between Stop Signs/Lights 0 More than ½ mile 1 ½ to ¼ mile 2 Less than ¼ mile
Think Large Scale Colt St S Brown Ln 2 2 2 12 1 2 2 14
Score Range 0-20 Ratings •No Tree 0-8 •Poor 9-11 •Intermediate 12-15 •Good 16-20
Site Evaluation Needs • Identify Site Constraints • Treelawn Width • Overhead Utility • Soil • Salt/Traffic Pattern • Traffic Use/Parking/Curbing Large Scale Sites
Size Classes • Large Site • 8+ feet wide • No overhead primary electric • Medium Site • 6-8 feet wide • Small Site • 4-6 feet wide
Parking/Curbing • Primary Site • Curb & Sidewalk • Space clearly defined • Secondary • Only curb or sidewalk • Lose space definition • Tertiary • No curb • No sidewalk • No space definition
Think Large Scale Colt St S Brown Ln Saints Way 2 2 2 12 1 2 2 14 L 1 • End Block may be 7-11 Trees • End Block may be change in USI, Size Class, or Priority
Site Evaluation Categories Utilizing Score Sheet Good Quality Site 16-20 Intermediate Quality Site 12-15 Poor Quality Site 9-11 No Tree 0-8 Large Tree Large Tree Large Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Small Tree Small Tree
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
Planned Planting Master Planting Design
Master Planting Design • Roadmap for the future • Plan for the entire community… …regardless of what’s there now How Might We Do This?
Supply List • Community Street Map • Labeled with street names • Labeled N/S/E/W if applicable • Block numbers • Scale • USI Data Collection Sheet • Colored Markers • Pencil • Soil Probe/Shovel
Site Evaluation Categories Key Good Quality Site 16-20 Intermediate Quality Site 12-15 Poor Quality Site 9-11 No Tree 0-8 Large Tree Large Tree Large Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Small Tree Small Tree
Good Quality Site 16-20 Intermediate Quality Site 12-15 Poor Quality Site 9-11 No Tree 0-8 Large Tree Large Tree Large Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Small Tree Small Tree
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
MPD Tree List  Good Site: Large Species • Wide Treelawns • Low/No Road Salt • Good Soils Tree Selection Large Species Match Complimentary Small/Medium Species only @ overhead utility Push the Envelope to increase diversity May plant trees that aren’t usually on street tree lists
Community Tree List Good Quality/Large Site Large Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Tulip poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera Magnoliaceae Umbrella magnolia, Magnolia tripetala Magnoliaceae Saucer magnolia Magnolia x soulangiana Magnoliaceae Sugar or Black Maple, Acer saccharum or nigrum Aceraceae Striped maple, Acer pennsylvanicum Aceraceae Pagoda or Flowering dogwood, Cornus alternifolia or florida Cornaceae Red Maple, Acer rubrum Aceraceae Sycamore maple, Acer pseudoplatanus Aceraceae Fringetree, Chionanthus virginicus Oleaceae
Assign Species to Segment 2 Segments between Family 4 Segments between Genus 6 Segments between Species
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Acer rubrum Aceraceae
2 Segments Same Family Ulmaceae (Elm) Celtis/Ulmus/Zelkova 4 Segments Same Genus Ulmus americana & parvifolia 6 Segments Same Species Ulmus parvifolia 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 Hack- berry Elm AElm L LElm
Assign Species 2 Segments between Family 4 Segments between Genus 6 Segments between Species • Breaks up similar trees • Means to test diversity • Only use cultivar if it has a bearing on site constraint • i.e. an upright cultivar near a car dealership
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan
Benefits of Master Planting Design • Long-Range Planning • Guess Work out of Annual Planning • Buy-in from Residents • Planning with Nurseries • Insect/Disease/Weather Monitoring • USI Truthing
Thank You! Steph Miller Alan Siewert

More Related Content

The Ohio Master Planting Design: From Site Assessment to Plan

  • 1. Ohio Urban Site Index & Master Planting Design
  • 2. Ohio Division of Forestry Urban Forestry Assistance Program Steph Miller Alan Siewert
  • 3. Ohio 2000’s • Aging Tree Commissions • Knowledge • Experience • Retirements • Emerald Ash Borer • The Great Recession Photo: Dr. Dan Herms, Ohio State University
  • 4. Problem Solving Criteria • Simple • Non-foresters • Cheap • Fast • Easy to understand • Systematic • Large scale
  • 5. What Do We Really Need For Large Scale Sites? • Identify Site Constraints • Treelawn Width • Overhead Utility • Soil • Salt/Traffic Pattern • Traffic Use/Parking/Curbing
  • 6. Urban Site Index USI • Site Quality • Compaction • Structure • Soil Health • Salt/Traffic Pattern Quantitative/Measurable Use Field Data & Score Sheets
  • 8. Urban Site Index • A rapid assessment process to quantify the severity/quality of street planting sites • Based on easily obtained field observations • Results in a numeric assessment: 0-20
  • 9. Urban Site Index 8 Observations 4 Soil Observations • Scored 0-3 4 Street observations • Scored 0-2
  • 10. 4 Soil Observations • Vegetation • Surface compaction • Probe penetration • Soil development
  • 11. Vegetation 0 Bare dirt, gravel or some sort of pavement 1 Sparse weeds with some dirt showing 2 Patchy grass and weeds 3 Lush grass some weed ok
  • 12. Surface Compaction 0 No soil, pavement 1 Hard, like walking on office carpeting 2 Some give, like walking on padded carpet 3 Cushioned give, like walking on deep pile padding
  • 13. Probe/Shovel Penetration 0 No soil, pavement 1 Goes in, but not completely 2 Goes in, but requires lots of effort 3 Goes in fully with ease
  • 14. Soil Development 0 No soil, pavement 1 No top soil, un-layered sub soil, or clear separation between top & subsoil 2 Layering in soil from old native soil 3 Good, deep topsoil with only the A horizon in the probe
  • 15. 4 Street Observations • Speed • Lanes • Parking • Length between traffic control devices
  • 16. Speed 0 50 mph or greater 1 35-45 mph 2 Less than 30
  • 17. Lanes 0 6 or more 1 3-5 lanes 2 2 lanes
  • 18. Parking 1 No street parking 2 On street parking
  • 19. Length Between Stop Signs/Lights 0 More than ½ mile 1 ½ to ¼ mile 2 Less than ¼ mile
  • 20. Think Large Scale Colt St S Brown Ln 2 2 2 12 1 2 2 14
  • 21. Score Range 0-20 Ratings •No Tree 0-8 •Poor 9-11 •Intermediate 12-15 •Good 16-20
  • 22. Site Evaluation Needs • Identify Site Constraints • Treelawn Width • Overhead Utility • Soil • Salt/Traffic Pattern • Traffic Use/Parking/Curbing Large Scale Sites
  • 23. Size Classes • Large Site • 8+ feet wide • No overhead primary electric • Medium Site • 6-8 feet wide • Small Site • 4-6 feet wide
  • 24. Parking/Curbing • Primary Site • Curb & Sidewalk • Space clearly defined • Secondary • Only curb or sidewalk • Lose space definition • Tertiary • No curb • No sidewalk • No space definition
  • 25. Think Large Scale Colt St S Brown Ln Saints Way 2 2 2 12 1 2 2 14 L 1 • End Block may be 7-11 Trees • End Block may be change in USI, Size Class, or Priority
  • 26. Site Evaluation Categories Utilizing Score Sheet Good Quality Site 16-20 Intermediate Quality Site 12-15 Poor Quality Site 9-11 No Tree 0-8 Large Tree Large Tree Large Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Small Tree Small Tree
  • 29. Master Planting Design • Roadmap for the future • Plan for the entire community… …regardless of what’s there now How Might We Do This?
  • 30. Supply List • Community Street Map • Labeled with street names • Labeled N/S/E/W if applicable • Block numbers • Scale • USI Data Collection Sheet • Colored Markers • Pencil • Soil Probe/Shovel
  • 31. Site Evaluation Categories Key Good Quality Site 16-20 Intermediate Quality Site 12-15 Poor Quality Site 9-11 No Tree 0-8 Large Tree Large Tree Large Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Small Tree Small Tree
  • 32. Good Quality Site 16-20 Intermediate Quality Site 12-15 Poor Quality Site 9-11 No Tree 0-8 Large Tree Large Tree Large Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Small Tree Small Tree
  • 37. MPD Tree List  Good Site: Large Species • Wide Treelawns • Low/No Road Salt • Good Soils Tree Selection Large Species Match Complimentary Small/Medium Species only @ overhead utility Push the Envelope to increase diversity May plant trees that aren’t usually on street tree lists
  • 38. Community Tree List Good Quality/Large Site Large Tree Medium Tree Small Tree Tulip poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera Magnoliaceae Umbrella magnolia, Magnolia tripetala Magnoliaceae Saucer magnolia Magnolia x soulangiana Magnoliaceae Sugar or Black Maple, Acer saccharum or nigrum Aceraceae Striped maple, Acer pennsylvanicum Aceraceae Pagoda or Flowering dogwood, Cornus alternifolia or florida Cornaceae Red Maple, Acer rubrum Aceraceae Sycamore maple, Acer pseudoplatanus Aceraceae Fringetree, Chionanthus virginicus Oleaceae
  • 39. Assign Species to Segment 2 Segments between Family 4 Segments between Genus 6 Segments between Species
  • 41. 2 Segments Same Family Ulmaceae (Elm) Celtis/Ulmus/Zelkova 4 Segments Same Genus Ulmus americana & parvifolia 6 Segments Same Species Ulmus parvifolia 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 Hack- berry Elm AElm L LElm
  • 42. Assign Species 2 Segments between Family 4 Segments between Genus 6 Segments between Species • Breaks up similar trees • Means to test diversity • Only use cultivar if it has a bearing on site constraint • i.e. an upright cultivar near a car dealership
  • 47. Benefits of Master Planting Design • Long-Range Planning • Guess Work out of Annual Planning • Buy-in from Residents • Planning with Nurseries • Insect/Disease/Weather Monitoring • USI Truthing
  • 48. Thank You! Steph Miller Alan Siewert