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The document provides background information on the Victorian era in Britain from 1837 to 1901. It discusses some of the major social, economic, political and cultural changes that occurred during this time period, including the Industrial Revolution, expansion of the British empire, rise of the middle class, development of urbanization and poverty, role of women, impact of new technologies and philosophies like Darwinism. The era was one of great change and complexity with many contradictions and paradoxes that were reflected in Victorian literature of the time.