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Traffic Mobility in Peshawar

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Mian Abdul Qadeem Khan
Mian Abdul Qadeem Khan

The document discusses the impacts of Peshawar Cantonment on mobility in the city. It aims to identify traffic growth trends, traffic volumes entering/exiting the cantonment, impacts of delays, and people's perceptions of causes and solutions. The research methodology involves collecting primary traffic count data and secondary city traffic data. Analysis finds traffic volumes highest in mornings and evenings, with checkpoints and closed roads causing delays. Most travelers are alone or with one passenger. Respondents feel checkpoints and closed roads impede traffic and should be removed or opened to improve mobility. The cantonment layout is insufficient for current urban growth. Recommendations include redesigning the cantonment boundaries, opening protected roads, improving checkpoint

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Traffic Mobility in Peshawar
Peshawar Cantonment and its Impacts on the mobility in the city by Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah Supervised by Prof Dr. S. Akhtar Ali shah Institute of Geography, Urban and Regional planning University of Peshawar
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY AREA PROBLEM STATEMENT AIM OBJECTIVES RESEARCH QUESTIONS RESERCH METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND SUGGESTION
Prelude The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or subdivision. A cantonment is a military or police quarter. Cantonment in Pakistan is permanent military stationed areas, which are administered by cantonment board. All the Cantonment Board work under the administrative control of the director general military land and cantonment department (MLCD), ministry of defense government of Pakistan. Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar_Cantonment
PEAHAWAR CANTONMENT The Peshawar cantonment was established by British government in the west side of old walled city of Peshawar soon after annexation of Punjab in 1848-49. It is also called Peshawar chhawni or Peshawar sadder having the meaning of encampment of presiding area. At that time this place was safe for the officers, officials and other associates of British regime.
It originally occupied an area of 9.55 sq. kilometers. The Peshawar cantt was established on the remains of old town site and the grave yard. Now it cover an area of 13 sq kilometer, which is irregular and oblong in shape Source :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar_Cantonment
Prepared by:Mian Abdul Qadeem
Problem Statement: What are the impacts of existence of a Cantonment area in propinquity to a densely populated settlement of Peshawar?
Traffic Mobility in Peshawar
Aim To identify the impacts of Peshawar cantonment on the overall mobility in the city OBJCTIVES To determine the traffic growth trend in the city during last decade To determine the traffic volume entering and exiting from the study area through different spatially distributed points To determine the impacts of delay in the city (in tangible terms) To understand the peoples perception of the causes of the problem To recommended a policy based on peoples perception
RESERCH QUESTIONS What are the causes of traffic delays in the study area? What is the impact of these delays on the people entering in the study area? How the problem can be mitigated?
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A case study approach selecting a part of the study area to be a representative of the whole Obtain map of Peshawar from Google earth Extract the study area from the map using GIS and prepare a base map of Peshawar Cantonment. Collect the traffic volume data on selected points in the study area. Prepare the road network map of cantonment Peshawar by using GIS. Collect the traffic volume data of Peshawar from the secondary sources Draw the traffic growth curve of the city from the year 2002 to latest available data. Carry out a delay study of traffic in the selected area. Analysis of data to determined causes of delay. Preparation of graphs and maps for displaying of the analytical work.
ZIAULLAH
DATA ANALYSIS
DATA COLLECTION: Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. PRIMARY DATA: was collected by traffic counts in the field. We collected the traffic volume data on six main Roads enter to cantonment, Peshawar. University Road, Bara Road, F.C. Square, Sadder Road, Khyber Road and Warsak Road at different time period during a day. SECONDARY DATA: about the traffic volumes in the city was obtained from the office of Director, General, Excise and Taxation Office, Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar
Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah
Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah
0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000 YEAR 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 NumberofVehicles Vehicular volume in Peshawar (on Roads) 2002 - 2011 Source: Director General, Excise and Taxation, office, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time Bara Road In-Out Flow of Vehicles inflow Outflow Source: Field survey Monday to Wednesday,8th,9th,10th,April,2013 o Maximum number of vehicles inflow between 7-8am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 4-5pm. o Maximum number of outflow occur between 1-2pm Minimum outflow between 11-12am
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time F.C Square In and Out flow of Vehicles inflow outflow Source: Field survey 11th,12th,April, 2013 o Maximum number of vehicles inflow between 8-9am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 11-12am. o Maximum number of outflow occur between 1-2pm o Minimum outflow between 3-4pm.
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm Numberof Vehicles Time Sadder Road(city side) In and Out flow of Vehicles inflow outflow oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 7-8am oMinimum number of inflow occurs between 12-1pm. oMaximum number of outflow occur between 7-8am oMinimum outflow between 11-12am. Source: Field survey, Monday andTuesday15th,16th April, 2013
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time Khyber Road In and Out flow of Vehicles inflow Outflow Source: Field Survey, Wednesday to Friday17th, to 19th, April 2013 oMaximum number of vehicles inflow occur between 8-9am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 10-11am. oMaximum number of outflow occur between 2-3pm oMinimum outflow between 5-6pm.
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time Warsak Road In and Out Flow of Vehicles inflow outflow Source: Field survey, Tuesday to Thursday 23rd ,24th ,25th April, 2013 oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 1-2pm o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 6-7pm oMaximum number of outflow between 7-8am oMinimum outflow between 11-12am.
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm Numberofvehicles Time In and out flow of Vehicles at University Road Inflow of vehicle Outflow of vehicle Source: Field Survey, Wednesday to Friday,29th,30th,31st,April 2013 oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 1-2pm oMinimum number of inflow between 10-11am oMaximum number of outflow occur between 8-9am oMinimum outflow between 4-5pm.
Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah
Warsak Road 12% Khyber Road 25% University road 27% Bara ROAD 9% F.C CHOWK 8% Saddar Road 19% Percentage of Vehicles entering Cantonment from selected points (7am to 7pm)
How many people have travelled with you in your vehicle today? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Only 24 48.0 48.0 Two 16 32.0 32.0 Three 10 20.0 20.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 only Two Three Percentage Respondents Persons travelled Field Survey April, 2013
DO the checkpoints creates problems in cantonment Peshawar? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Yes 43 86.0 86.0 No 7 14.0 14.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 86% 14% Yes No Checkpoints creates problem Field Survey April, 2013
Do you want to open the protected Roads for the general traffic? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Yes 42 84.0 84.0 No 8 16.0 16.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Yes No Percentage Respondents Open the protected Roads Field Survey April, 2013
suggestion in your mind to improve the mobility in cantonment, Peshawar? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Remove the Checkpoints 21 42.0 42.0 Open protected Roads 20 40.0 40.0 Encroachment 9 18.0 18.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Remove the Chckpoints Open link Roads Encroachment Percentage Respondents Suggestion to improve traffic mobility Field Survey April, 2013
One Vehicle average consumption , say 10km/liter of fuel Assume that all vehicles coming from Warsak road are heading to Gora bazar Extra millage (old new)=3 2=1km So 15151 Vehicles come to our destination via existing route (green) will cover the extra millage as: =115151= 15151 km Thus extra fuel consumed =1515.1 liter Besides this extra energy loss they also cause environmental pollution, congestion and time wastage. If the new route (black) is available for general transport, we can save this extra bit of energy.
MIAN ABDUL QADEEM
FINDING AND SUGGESTION
Conclusions/findings After the analysis of data it is concluded that : The existing (available) roads transport network is insufficient to meet the growing demand of its inhabitants The rapidly growing city has engulfed the Cantonment area and the classical structure can no longer support the current urban sprawl. The existence of checkpoints at every nook and corner of the study area are considered as an impediment to the free traffic flows by a large majority of the respondents (86%). Majority of the visitors to the Cantt area are travelling either single(48%) or with one passenger (32%). 84% of the respondents believe that the presently unavailable or protected cantt roads should be allowed for the general traffic. A handful number of the respondents, that is 42% suggest that the checkpoints in the cantt area should be removed while about similar number believe that opening of the protected road can relieve congestion and improve overall traffic flows in the study area. This availability /provision of the new routes will save a significant amount of fuel losses and improve the overall environment of the study area.
Suggestion: To support the growing mobility needs of the city it is suggested that: The cantonment area should be redesigned and removed to the outskirts of the city All the protected roads should be made available of the general traffic to take their due share in improving mobility in the city. The removal of checkpoint can improve the traffic flows and play a positive role in improving the urban economy. However in the prevailing security scenario these can be made more efficient with the properly trained and efficient manpower. The general public should be made aware of the environmental damages resulting from their trip that can be avoided or replaced with an energy efficient mode like public transport, motorcycle etc.
意堰粥鰻悪皆盒彫盒彫盒彫盒彫盒彫盒彫盒彫盒彫.

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Traffic Mobility in Peshawar

  • 2. Peshawar Cantonment and its Impacts on the mobility in the city by Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah Supervised by Prof Dr. S. Akhtar Ali shah Institute of Geography, Urban and Regional planning University of Peshawar
  • 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY AREA PROBLEM STATEMENT AIM OBJECTIVES RESEARCH QUESTIONS RESERCH METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND SUGGESTION
  • 4. Prelude The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or subdivision. A cantonment is a military or police quarter. Cantonment in Pakistan is permanent military stationed areas, which are administered by cantonment board. All the Cantonment Board work under the administrative control of the director general military land and cantonment department (MLCD), ministry of defense government of Pakistan. Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar_Cantonment
  • 5. PEAHAWAR CANTONMENT The Peshawar cantonment was established by British government in the west side of old walled city of Peshawar soon after annexation of Punjab in 1848-49. It is also called Peshawar chhawni or Peshawar sadder having the meaning of encampment of presiding area. At that time this place was safe for the officers, officials and other associates of British regime.
  • 6. It originally occupied an area of 9.55 sq. kilometers. The Peshawar cantt was established on the remains of old town site and the grave yard. Now it cover an area of 13 sq kilometer, which is irregular and oblong in shape Source :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar_Cantonment
  • 8. Problem Statement: What are the impacts of existence of a Cantonment area in propinquity to a densely populated settlement of Peshawar?
  • 10. Aim To identify the impacts of Peshawar cantonment on the overall mobility in the city OBJCTIVES To determine the traffic growth trend in the city during last decade To determine the traffic volume entering and exiting from the study area through different spatially distributed points To determine the impacts of delay in the city (in tangible terms) To understand the peoples perception of the causes of the problem To recommended a policy based on peoples perception
  • 11. RESERCH QUESTIONS What are the causes of traffic delays in the study area? What is the impact of these delays on the people entering in the study area? How the problem can be mitigated?
  • 12. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A case study approach selecting a part of the study area to be a representative of the whole Obtain map of Peshawar from Google earth Extract the study area from the map using GIS and prepare a base map of Peshawar Cantonment. Collect the traffic volume data on selected points in the study area. Prepare the road network map of cantonment Peshawar by using GIS. Collect the traffic volume data of Peshawar from the secondary sources Draw the traffic growth curve of the city from the year 2002 to latest available data. Carry out a delay study of traffic in the selected area. Analysis of data to determined causes of delay. Preparation of graphs and maps for displaying of the analytical work.
  • 15. DATA COLLECTION: Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. PRIMARY DATA: was collected by traffic counts in the field. We collected the traffic volume data on six main Roads enter to cantonment, Peshawar. University Road, Bara Road, F.C. Square, Sadder Road, Khyber Road and Warsak Road at different time period during a day. SECONDARY DATA: about the traffic volumes in the city was obtained from the office of Director, General, Excise and Taxation Office, Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar
  • 16. Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah
  • 17. Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah
  • 18. 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000 YEAR 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 NumberofVehicles Vehicular volume in Peshawar (on Roads) 2002 - 2011 Source: Director General, Excise and Taxation, office, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar
  • 19. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time Bara Road In-Out Flow of Vehicles inflow Outflow Source: Field survey Monday to Wednesday,8th,9th,10th,April,2013 o Maximum number of vehicles inflow between 7-8am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 4-5pm. o Maximum number of outflow occur between 1-2pm Minimum outflow between 11-12am
  • 20. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time F.C Square In and Out flow of Vehicles inflow outflow Source: Field survey 11th,12th,April, 2013 o Maximum number of vehicles inflow between 8-9am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 11-12am. o Maximum number of outflow occur between 1-2pm o Minimum outflow between 3-4pm.
  • 21. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm Numberof Vehicles Time Sadder Road(city side) In and Out flow of Vehicles inflow outflow oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 7-8am oMinimum number of inflow occurs between 12-1pm. oMaximum number of outflow occur between 7-8am oMinimum outflow between 11-12am. Source: Field survey, Monday andTuesday15th,16th April, 2013
  • 22. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time Khyber Road In and Out flow of Vehicles inflow Outflow Source: Field Survey, Wednesday to Friday17th, to 19th, April 2013 oMaximum number of vehicles inflow occur between 8-9am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 10-11am. oMaximum number of outflow occur between 2-3pm oMinimum outflow between 5-6pm.
  • 23. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm NumberofVehicles Time Warsak Road In and Out Flow of Vehicles inflow outflow Source: Field survey, Tuesday to Thursday 23rd ,24th ,25th April, 2013 oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 1-2pm o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 6-7pm oMaximum number of outflow between 7-8am oMinimum outflow between 11-12am.
  • 24. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm Numberofvehicles Time In and out flow of Vehicles at University Road Inflow of vehicle Outflow of vehicle Source: Field Survey, Wednesday to Friday,29th,30th,31st,April 2013 oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 1-2pm oMinimum number of inflow between 10-11am oMaximum number of outflow occur between 8-9am oMinimum outflow between 4-5pm.
  • 25. Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah
  • 26. Warsak Road 12% Khyber Road 25% University road 27% Bara ROAD 9% F.C CHOWK 8% Saddar Road 19% Percentage of Vehicles entering Cantonment from selected points (7am to 7pm)
  • 27. How many people have travelled with you in your vehicle today? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Only 24 48.0 48.0 Two 16 32.0 32.0 Three 10 20.0 20.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 only Two Three Percentage Respondents Persons travelled Field Survey April, 2013
  • 28. DO the checkpoints creates problems in cantonment Peshawar? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Yes 43 86.0 86.0 No 7 14.0 14.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 86% 14% Yes No Checkpoints creates problem Field Survey April, 2013
  • 29. Do you want to open the protected Roads for the general traffic? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Yes 42 84.0 84.0 No 8 16.0 16.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Yes No Percentage Respondents Open the protected Roads Field Survey April, 2013
  • 30. suggestion in your mind to improve the mobility in cantonment, Peshawar? Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent Remove the Checkpoints 21 42.0 42.0 Open protected Roads 20 40.0 40.0 Encroachment 9 18.0 18.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Remove the Chckpoints Open link Roads Encroachment Percentage Respondents Suggestion to improve traffic mobility Field Survey April, 2013
  • 31. One Vehicle average consumption , say 10km/liter of fuel Assume that all vehicles coming from Warsak road are heading to Gora bazar Extra millage (old new)=3 2=1km So 15151 Vehicles come to our destination via existing route (green) will cover the extra millage as: =115151= 15151 km Thus extra fuel consumed =1515.1 liter Besides this extra energy loss they also cause environmental pollution, congestion and time wastage. If the new route (black) is available for general transport, we can save this extra bit of energy.
  • 34. Conclusions/findings After the analysis of data it is concluded that : The existing (available) roads transport network is insufficient to meet the growing demand of its inhabitants The rapidly growing city has engulfed the Cantonment area and the classical structure can no longer support the current urban sprawl. The existence of checkpoints at every nook and corner of the study area are considered as an impediment to the free traffic flows by a large majority of the respondents (86%). Majority of the visitors to the Cantt area are travelling either single(48%) or with one passenger (32%). 84% of the respondents believe that the presently unavailable or protected cantt roads should be allowed for the general traffic. A handful number of the respondents, that is 42% suggest that the checkpoints in the cantt area should be removed while about similar number believe that opening of the protected road can relieve congestion and improve overall traffic flows in the study area. This availability /provision of the new routes will save a significant amount of fuel losses and improve the overall environment of the study area.
  • 35. Suggestion: To support the growing mobility needs of the city it is suggested that: The cantonment area should be redesigned and removed to the outskirts of the city All the protected roads should be made available of the general traffic to take their due share in improving mobility in the city. The removal of checkpoint can improve the traffic flows and play a positive role in improving the urban economy. However in the prevailing security scenario these can be made more efficient with the properly trained and efficient manpower. The general public should be made aware of the environmental damages resulting from their trip that can be avoided or replaced with an energy efficient mode like public transport, motorcycle etc.