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Timbre: Instruments
of the Orchestra.

 Music has bought people together since the old times. Groups
are often formed to create music. Musical groups may be big or
small. They are usually made up of instrumentalists, singers, or
both. One such musical ensemble is the orchestra
 Orchestra come from the word orkhestra. It is said to be a
space where a chorus of dancers performs. Today, it means a
group of people who created music using instruments from the
four instrument families. Orchestras are musical groups that
played a large part in the history of Western Classical music
and continue to be recognized as an important musical
ensemble.

 A large orchestra that has over a hundred players is called
symphony orchestra. If it has fewer than fifty members, it is
called chamber orchestra. Through the distinct sound colors or
timbre of instruments, an orchestra can inspire scenes, feelings,
and mood.
 As music changes the instruments in an orchestra vary too.
They are classified into four families. The string, woodwind, and
percussion. Similar instruments are grouped by the way they
look and how they produce sounds.

String Family
 It comprises of the violin, viola, cello, double bass,
and harp. These instruments produce sounds when
the strings are played through plucking or blowing.
The length of the string affects pitch and is
adjusted when it is pressed against the
fingerboard. The pitch also affected by the
thickness or thinness of the strings. Thicker strings
produce lower sounds, while thinner produce
higher sounds.

Woodwind Family
 It comprises of instruments that produce sound
through air columns. There are shortened or
lengthened by opening or closing the holes in
the metal caps or keys. The instruments are
further grouped according to the use of a reed. A
reed is a thin material that vibrates to produce
sounds.

English Horn
Bassoon Contrabassoon

Bass Clarinet
Saxophone Clarinet

 The piccolo and flute are no-reed instruments played
through a mouthpiece. They are also known as transverse
instruments because they are held at a right angle to the
body.
 The clarinet is a single-reed instrument. The oboe,
English horn, bassoon, and contrabassoon are double-
reed instruments. The saxophone is traditionally not a
member of the woodwind family but it’s a reed
instrument too.

Brass Family
 It comprises of the trumpet, trombone, french horn, and
tuba. These instruments produce sounds through
vibration of the lips into the cone- or cup-shaped
mouthpiece. This causes the blown air to vibrate. The
valvas are pressed and the lips are tightened or
loosened through the air column to change the pitch.
The tambone, however, does not have valves but it has a
slider to change the length of the air column.

Percussion Family
 It has the most number of instruments. It consists of
instruments that have definite or indefinite pitch. Instruments
with definite pitch include the zylophone, temple blocks,
orchestra bells, and timpani. Instruments with indefinite pitch
include the triangle, woodblock, maracas, guiro, tambourine,
claves, cymbals, snare drum, and bass drum. These
instruments can be played by hitting or striking, scraping,
rubbing, or shaking them. Some instruments may need
mallets or sticks, some can be hit against themselves.

In this lesson, you learned that…
• An orchestra is a group of musicians who play
different instruments.
• A symphony orchestra is a large orchestra that often
has a over a hundred players. On the other hand, a
chamber orchestra has fewer than fifty members.
• There are four instrument families, namely, string,
woodwind, brass, and percussion.

Prepared by : Jewel Gazzingan, Jonash
Zaragoza, Alvin Abad, Zyris Mamaril, Prince
Uy, Patricia Protacio & Tamina Rodriguez

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Timbre (2).pptx

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Timbre (2).pptx