際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo

Top ten drugs practised in Pain management

Download as PPTX, PDF
M
Mahendra Yadav

This document discusses top 10 drugs used in pain management according to Dr. Mahendra Prasad Yadav. It begins with an introduction to pain, defining it and describing different types. It then discusses 10 single drugs that have shown efficacy in pain management through research articles. The drugs discussed are Saraca indica, Ricinus communis, Commiphora mukul, Anthocephalus cadamba, Myrica esculenta, Vitex negundo, and Pluchea lanceolata. For each drug, the document provides details on taxonomy, chemical composition, traditional uses, and summarizes relevant research articles that have evaluated the analgesic or anti-inflammatory properties of the drug.

Convert to study materialsBETA

Transform any presentation into ready-made study materialselect from outputs like summaries, definitions, and practice questions.

1 of 38
Download to read offline
TOP 10 DRUGS PRACTICISED IN PAIN MANAGEMENT BY:- DR.MAHENDRA PRASAD YADAV
DRAVYA PRAYOGA IN APASMARA Presented by Dr. Mahendra Pd. Yadav II Year PG Scholar Guided by Dr. Prakash L. Hegde Professor & HOD Department of Dravyguna SDM College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan TOP 10 DRUGS PRACTICISED IN PAIN MANAGEMENT 2
CONTENT 1.INTRODUCTION Definition of Pain Types 2 DRAVYA PRAYOGA IN PAIN MANAGEMENT Single Drugs with Research Articles 3.DISCUSSION 4.CONCLUSION 5.REFERENCES Department of Dravyaguna 3 1/17/2019
1. INTRODUCTION OF PAIN The International Association for the study of pain (IASP) has defined pain as- an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. Department of Dravyaguna 4 1/17/2019
PAIN Most of patient will come to doctor with pain as main symptom. Pain is mentioned in classic as Vedana/Shoola /Arti/Ruja etc. Vedanasthapana is famous group of drugs for pain management. So purpose of this study is to review the pharmacological actions of Top 10 herbs based on research work 20% of adults suffer from pain globally and 10% are newly diagnosed with chronic pain each year. Department of Dravyaguna 5 1/17/2019
TYPES OF PAIN PainACUTE CHRONIC Nociceptive pain Neuropathic pain Department of Dravyaguna 6 1/17/2019
ANALGESICS The drugs which possess significant pain relieving properties by acting in the central nervous system , or on the peripheral pain receptors without significantly affecting consciousness. Analgesics which also includes Anti inflammatory drugs, Opioid analgesics, Antidepressants and Anticonvulsants. Department of Dravyaguna 7 1/17/2019
Department of Dravyaguna8 TOP 10 SINGLE DRUGS USED IN PAIN MANAGEMENT 1/17/2019
B.N.:- Saraca indica Linn Family:-Caesalpinaceae Rasa:-Kashaya, Tikta Guna:- Laghu, Ruksha Veerya:-Sheeta Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kaphapitta Samaka Use parts:-Bark, Seed & Flowers Chemical compositions:-Alkaloids and Steroids Aamayika Prayoga:- Ashoka ghrita is used in Vatavyadhi (Disorder of Vata), Yonishoola and Katishoola.(SS.Ci 4.27) 2. Yoga:- Ashokaghrita, Ashokarist, Ashoka kashaya, Mahamarichyadya Taila Ashoka1 Department of Dravyaguna 9 1/17/2019
Experimental evaluation of analgesic property of bark of Saraca indica Linn (Ashoka ) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN- 2348-0173 pISSN-2395-3985 Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5 Conclusion- The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of bark of Saraca indica (Ashoka) showed significant analgesic activity at 300 mg/ Kg body weight in Swiss albino rats in the presence of alkaloids and steroids . Department of Dravyaguna 10 1/17/2019
B.N.:-Ricinus communis(Linn) Family:-Euphorbiaceae Rasa:- Madhura, Katu, Kashaya Guna:- Tikshna, Guru, Snigdha Veerya:- Ushna Vipaka:- Madhura Doshakarma:-Tridosha Samaka Use parts:-Seeds, oil(seeds oil), Root Chemical compositions:- Seeds contain fixed oil (45-52%), Proteids20% alkaloid, glycoside, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenol, protein, resin, tannin. Amayika Prayoga:- 1.Eranda moola kwatha administered with Yavakshara alleviates Parshwashoola (Sha. S.2/2/101) 2.Eranda moola kwatha mixed with Sunthi kwatha, Hingu & Sauvarchala lavan rellieve Shoola (Abdominal pain). (BPN.Ci 30/57) Yoga:-Eranda Taila, Eranda saptaka kwatha, Erandadi kwatha. 2 Eranda 11 1/17/2019
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED VARIETIES OF ERANDA (RICINUS COMMUNIS LINN.) ROOT International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research Doshi Krunal A1*, Acharya Rabinarayan2, Ravishankar B3, Nariya Mukesh B4 Conclusion:- Decoction of wild variety, of Ricinus communis L. root provided considerable suppression of carrageenan induced paw edema compared to its cultivated variety. Medicinal properties in plants are mainly due to the presence of Alkaloids to be responsible for Anti-inflammatory activity. Department of Dravyaguna 12 1/17/2019
B.N.:-Commiphora mukul Hook ex. Stocks Family:-Burseraceae Rasa:-Tikta, Katu, Madhura, Kashaya Guna: Tikshana, Sara, Sukshama, Snigdha, Laghu, Vishada Veerya:-Ushna Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Tridosh Samaka Vata shamaka, Pittakaphahara. Use parts:-:Gum resin Chemical compositions: Carbohydrate, Alkaloids,Convoline,Convolidie,Convovine. Aamayika Prayoga: Guggulu is the best remedy for vata covered by medas.(AH.U.40/48) Yoga:-Trayodasanga guggulu, Mahayogaraja guggulu, Triphala guggulu, Vatari guggulu 3 Guggulu Department of Dravyaguna 13 1/17/2019
Comparison of the anti-inflammatory activity of Commiphora mukul (an indigenous drug) with those of phenylbutazone and ibuprofen in experimental arthritis induced by mycobacterial adjuvant. Arzneimittel-Forschung [01 Jul 1977, 27(7):1455-1457] Sharma JN , Sharma JN Conclusion- Inflammatory syndrome, resembling rheumatoid arthritis in man, was induced in the right hock joint of albino rabbits by intra-articular injection of the killed mycobacterial adjuvant in liquid paraffin. Development of this arthritic syndrome was studied from a period of five months with and without drugs. Department of Dravyaguna 14 1/17/2019
Department of Dravyaguna 15 Anti-inflammatory agents such as phenylbutazone, ibuprofen and fraction "A" of gum-guggulu from Commiphora mukul were administered orally at a daily dose of 100, 100 and 500 mg/kg, respectively, for a period of five months. All three drugs decreased the thickness of the joint swelling during the course of drug treatment. These results indicate the beneficial role of phenylbutazone, ibuprofen and fraction "A" of gum-guggulu in experimental arthritis. 1/17/2019
B.N:-Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb Family:-Rubiaceae Rasa:- Madhura, Tikta, Kashaya Guna:-Ruksha Veerya:-Sheeta Vipaka:-Katu Prabhava:-Vedanasthapana Doshakarma:-Vatapitta shamaka Use parts:-Bark,Fruit, Leaf Chemical compositions:-alkaloids like Cadambine, Cadamine, Cadambagenic acid, Quinovic acid Aamayika Prayoga:- For covering wounds, the leaves of kadamba, arjuna, nimba,patala,and ashwatha should be used.(CS.Ci25/95) Yoga:-Nyogradhadi Kwatha, Kadambadi Kwatha 4 Kadamba Department of Dravyaguna 16 1/17/2019
Evaluation of the Analgesic and Anti inflammatory Activity of Kadamba(Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb.) an experimental study Dissertation by Dr. Prakash L Hegde, submitted to the RGUHS Used model- hot plate method Conclusion- Alcoholic extracts of Kadamba has potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity alomost like standard drug. The kadamba is a freely available safe drug showing efficacy in single use both in extract and kasaya form on rats. Same has to be reconfirmed on human beings. Department of Dravyaguna 17 1/17/2019
B.N.:-Myrica esculenta Buch-Ham Family:-Myricaceae Rasa:- Kashaya, Tikta, Katu Guna:-Laghu,Tikshna, Veerya:-Usana Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kaphavata samaka Use parts:-Bark, Flowers Chemical compositions:- Glycoside, myricitrin, myrecetin Yoga:-Saubhagya Sunthi, Pushyanuga Churna, Kataphaladi Kwatha 5 Kataphala Department of 18 1/17/2019
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of stem bark of Myrica esculenta Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348- 0173 pISSN-2395-3985 Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5 Conclusion-: The pharmacological screening revealed that MNSBEE significantly increased pain latency in acetic acid- induced writhing and hot plate in mice and significantly inhibited paw edema volume in carrageenan- induced paw edema and significantly inhibited granuloma weight in cotton pellet granuloma model at the doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. The combination of MNSBEE and diclofenac has been studied and found to be most significant analgesic and anti- inflammatory effect without toxic effect.Department of Dravyaguna 19 1/17/2019
B.N.:-Vitex negundo Linn. Family:-Verbenaceae Rasa:-Katu, Tikta Guna:-Laghu, Ruksha Veerya:-Ushna Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kapha vata samaka Use parts: Leaves, Roots, Seeds, Flowers Chemical compositions:-alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and glycosides. Aamayika Prayoga:-The drug is an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory herbal agent. The nirgundi oil is locally applied to inflammed and painful conditions of organs, rheumatism, vatavyadhi, sprain, trauma, wounds earache, headache, neuritis, sciatica etc. Yoga:-Nirgundyerandadi Kashaya,Nirgundi Taila, Nirgundi ghrita 6 Nirgundi Department of 20 1/17/2019
ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF VITEX NEGUNDO (LEAVES) EXTRACT Pooja Solanki Mishra*, S. Vyas, RP Agrawal, P. Phadnis and A. Tiwari Department of Pharmacology, M.G.M. Medical College, AB Road, Indore, (M.P.), 452001, India. Results: In comparison to control group VNE showed highly significant, dose dependent analgesic activity against chemically as well as thermally induced pain models (P < 0.05). In comparison to control, VNE at the employed doses produced marked acute anti-inflammatory activity in rats (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that the aqueous extract of Vitex negundo has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential as reflected by the parameters investigated. Further investigations are however necessary to explore mechanism(s) of action involved in these pharmacological activities 21
B.N.:-Pluchea lanceolata C .B. Clarke Family:-Asteraceae Rasa:Tikta Guna:-Guru Veerya:-Usana Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kaphavata samaka Use parts:-:Leaves Chemical compositions:-Quercertin, isorhamnetin, pluchine Aamyika Prayoga:- Rasna churna or kwatha is useful and best in case of Vatavyadhi.(C.S.Su.25/40) Yoga:-Rasnadi Gutika, Rasanadi Churna, Rasnasaptaka Kwatha, Rasnadilepa, Rasnapanchakam 7 Rasna Department of Dravyaguna 22 1/17/2019
Department of Dravyaguna 23 Conclusion:- The results of the present study indicate that the ethanol extracts of Pluchea lanceolata has anti- inflammatory activity in mice(200mg/kg) and rats(100mg/kg), which was further localized in the hexane fraction, from which taraxasterol was isolated which proved to be one of the active constituents. 1/17/2019
B.N.:Shorea robusta Gaertn. Family:-Dipterocarpeae Rasa:-Kashaya Guna:-Rukshya Veerya:- Sheeta Vipaka:-Katu Prabhava:-Vedanasthapana Doshakarma:-Kaphapitta nasaka Use parts:-Bark, Gum-resin Chemical compositions:-.Pentosans, lignan, tannin, amino acids and fatty acids. Yoga:-Raladi lepa, Raladi dhupa, Sarjarasadi Malahara 8 Shala Department of Dravyaguna 24 1/17/2019
Analgesic activity of the ethanolic extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. (SRE) in experimental animals Conclusion- The extract produced significant central and peripheral analgesic effects, which was evident from increase in reaction time in hot plate and tail flick tests, inhibition in writhing counts in acetic acid-induced writhing test . Department of Dravyaguna 25 1/17/2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348-0173 pISSN-2395-398 Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) 5 Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5
B.N.:Asparagus racemosus Willd Family:- Liliaceae Rasa:-Madhura,Tikta Guna:-Guru,Snigdha Veerya:-Sheeta Vipaka:-Madhura Doshakarma:-Vatapitta samaka Use parts:-:Roots. Chemical compositions: Shatavarin,Saponins, Glycosides of quercetin Carbohydrate. Aamayika Prayoga:- It is used in atisara, rakta aamatisara, apasmara and shotha Yoga:-Satavari Modaka, Satavari Mandura, Satavari Taila, Satavari Ghrita, 9 Shatavari Department of Dravyaguna 26 1/17/2019
ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND ALCOHOL ROOT EXTRACTS OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS WILLD. Pharmacology online 2: 558-562 (2011) ewsletter Rahiman et al. Fasalu Rahiman O.M*, Bodapati Srilatha, Rupesh Kumar M, Mohamed iyas k, Satya Kumar B, Phaneendra P Result:-. No toxic effects or mortality were observed with doses ranging from 50mg/kg to 1g/kg for four weeks. The results of present study indicate the aqueous and alcohol root extracts of Asparagus racemosus willd., Possesses analgesic effect in the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids. Both extracts showed the analgesic activity . Department of Dravyaguna 27 1/17/2019
B.N.:Albizzia lebbeck Benth Family:- Mimoseae Rasa:-Kashaya,Tikta, Katu. Guna:-Laghu,Ruksha,Tikshana Veerya:-Isada Ushna Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Tridosahara Use parts:-Bark, Seeds, Leaves, Flowers Chemical compositions:-Bark contains tannin 7-11% and saponin. Aamayika Prayoga:-The seeds of shirisha are applied locally in swelling (sotha). The snuff of seeds of shirisha and mulaka (radish) is prescribed in treatment of shirashula(headache) (SS, Uttarara 86-31) Yoga:-Shirishararista, Shirishabijadi Lepa 10 SHIRISHA 28 Department of Dravyaguna 1/17/2019
The peripheral analgesic activity of Shirisha was measured by the acetic acid induced writhing test INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348-0173 pISSN-2395-398 Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) 5 Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5 Conclusion-The crude extract produced 61.48% (p<0.001) elongation of tail flicking time 30 min after oral dose of 400mg/kg. The plant extract showed prolonged stress tolerance capacity in the mice, indicating the possible involvement of higher centres. The bark administered in a dose of 250mg/kg showed analgesic activity slightly less than that of novalgin. Department of Dravyaguna 29 1/17/2019
3.Discussion The term Vedana implies sensations. Therefore the usage of Vedanasthapana drugs not be restricted to the domain of pain killers; instead it would be extended to all the disorders which causes impairments in the sensory perception. Analgesics includes Anti inflammatory drugs, Opioid analgesics, Anti depressants and Anticonvulsants. Vedanasthapana drugs may bring the normal sensation of wellbeing in the body.Department of Dravyaguna 30 1/17/2019
ANALYSIS OF VEDANASTHAPAKA DRAVYA S.N. DRAVYA RASA GUNA VEERYA VIPAKA DOSH-KARMA PRABHAVA 1. Ashoka Kashaya, Tikta Ruksha, Laghu Sheeta Katu Kapha- Pittashamaka - 2. Eranda Madhura, Katu, Kashaya Tikshna, Guru, Snigdha Ushna Madhura Tridosha Samaka - 3. Guggulu Tikta, Katu, Madhura, Kashaya Tikshana, Sara, Sukshama, Snigdha, Laghu, Vishada Ushna Katu Tridosha Samaka - 4. Kadamba Tikta, Kashaya Ruksha Sheeta Katu Tridosh- Shamaka Vedna- sthapaka 5. Katphala Kashaya. Tikta Laghu, Tikshna Ushna Katu Vata- Pittashamaka Vedna- sthapaka 6. Nirgundi Katu, Tikta Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Katu Kapha vata samaka 7. Rasna Tikta Guru Ushna Katu Kaphavata samaka - 8. Shala Kashaya Ruksha Sheeta Katu Kaphapitt- ashamaka Vedna- sthapaka 9. Shatavari Madhura,Tikta Guru,Snigdha Sheeta Madhura Vatapitta samaka - 10. Shirisha Kashaya, Tikta, Madhura Ruksha, Laghu, Tikshna Ishat Ushna Katu Tridosh- Shamaka -
Tikta, Kashaya Rasa, Laghu, Ruksha Guna, Ushna Veerya and Katu Vipaka are responsible for normalcy of Kapha. Ushna Veerya dravyas are responsible for alleviation of Vata. Some drugs of Vedanasthapana are responsible for Vedanahara action due to their Vedanasthapana Prabhava. Department of Dravyaguna 32 1/17/2019
The drugs of Vedanasthapana mostly contains, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, quercetins etc. which are possibly responsible for analgesic and anti- inflammatory effect. Department of Dravyaguna 33 1/17/2019
Ashoka, Eranda, Guggulu, Kadamba, Katphala, Nirgundi, , Rasna, Shaala, Shatavari, Shirisha has been proved as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents by experimental studies. Most of the drugs mentioned for Shoolahara or Vedanahara are Vatahara in nature. Department of Dravyaguna 34 1/17/2019
. As per clinical study conducted in 40 patients of osteoarthritis, the trial drugs were prepared in the form of tablet 500 mg having equal proportion of the drugs Sala(Shorea robusta Gaertn.f), Kadamba (Anthocephalus indicus A.Rich), Shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck Benth), Ashoka(Saraca indica) and given in the dose of 1 gm thrice daily, showed significant relief in pain without side effects Department of Dravyaguna 35 1/17/2019
4.Conclusion Vedanasthapana dravyas are also responsible for establishment of well being feeling in the body and not only act as analgesics or anti- inflammatory agents. Phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, quercitin etc. are responsible for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect Department of Dravyaguna 36 1/17/2019
5.References Charaka samhita A Text Book of Dravyaguna Vigyan-Dr.Prash L Hegde & Dr.Harini A Shine P.A. et.al., Evaluation of Charakokta Vedanasthapana Dashemani, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2017; 5(2): 56-612. Jyotirupa S et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-5(1) 2017 [137-143] Swapnil More. To study efficacy of drugs of Vedanasthapana Gna ( Ghan Vati) in post-operative pain management . Ayurlog: National journal of Research in Ayurved Science.2014; 2(4): 1-11 37
Department of Dravyaguna38 1/17/2019

More Related Content

Top ten drugs practised in Pain management

  • 1. TOP 10 DRUGS PRACTICISED IN PAIN MANAGEMENT BY:- DR.MAHENDRA PRASAD YADAV
  • 2. DRAVYA PRAYOGA IN APASMARA Presented by Dr. Mahendra Pd. Yadav II Year PG Scholar Guided by Dr. Prakash L. Hegde Professor & HOD Department of Dravyguna SDM College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan TOP 10 DRUGS PRACTICISED IN PAIN MANAGEMENT 2
  • 3. CONTENT 1.INTRODUCTION Definition of Pain Types 2 DRAVYA PRAYOGA IN PAIN MANAGEMENT Single Drugs with Research Articles 3.DISCUSSION 4.CONCLUSION 5.REFERENCES Department of Dravyaguna 3 1/17/2019
  • 4. 1. INTRODUCTION OF PAIN The International Association for the study of pain (IASP) has defined pain as- an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. Department of Dravyaguna 4 1/17/2019
  • 5. PAIN Most of patient will come to doctor with pain as main symptom. Pain is mentioned in classic as Vedana/Shoola /Arti/Ruja etc. Vedanasthapana is famous group of drugs for pain management. So purpose of this study is to review the pharmacological actions of Top 10 herbs based on research work 20% of adults suffer from pain globally and 10% are newly diagnosed with chronic pain each year. Department of Dravyaguna 5 1/17/2019
  • 6. TYPES OF PAIN PainACUTE CHRONIC Nociceptive pain Neuropathic pain Department of Dravyaguna 6 1/17/2019
  • 7. ANALGESICS The drugs which possess significant pain relieving properties by acting in the central nervous system , or on the peripheral pain receptors without significantly affecting consciousness. Analgesics which also includes Anti inflammatory drugs, Opioid analgesics, Antidepressants and Anticonvulsants. Department of Dravyaguna 7 1/17/2019
  • 8. Department of Dravyaguna8 TOP 10 SINGLE DRUGS USED IN PAIN MANAGEMENT 1/17/2019
  • 9. B.N.:- Saraca indica Linn Family:-Caesalpinaceae Rasa:-Kashaya, Tikta Guna:- Laghu, Ruksha Veerya:-Sheeta Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kaphapitta Samaka Use parts:-Bark, Seed & Flowers Chemical compositions:-Alkaloids and Steroids Aamayika Prayoga:- Ashoka ghrita is used in Vatavyadhi (Disorder of Vata), Yonishoola and Katishoola.(SS.Ci 4.27) 2. Yoga:- Ashokaghrita, Ashokarist, Ashoka kashaya, Mahamarichyadya Taila Ashoka1 Department of Dravyaguna 9 1/17/2019
  • 10. Experimental evaluation of analgesic property of bark of Saraca indica Linn (Ashoka ) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN- 2348-0173 pISSN-2395-3985 Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5 Conclusion- The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of bark of Saraca indica (Ashoka) showed significant analgesic activity at 300 mg/ Kg body weight in Swiss albino rats in the presence of alkaloids and steroids . Department of Dravyaguna 10 1/17/2019
  • 11. B.N.:-Ricinus communis(Linn) Family:-Euphorbiaceae Rasa:- Madhura, Katu, Kashaya Guna:- Tikshna, Guru, Snigdha Veerya:- Ushna Vipaka:- Madhura Doshakarma:-Tridosha Samaka Use parts:-Seeds, oil(seeds oil), Root Chemical compositions:- Seeds contain fixed oil (45-52%), Proteids20% alkaloid, glycoside, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenol, protein, resin, tannin. Amayika Prayoga:- 1.Eranda moola kwatha administered with Yavakshara alleviates Parshwashoola (Sha. S.2/2/101) 2.Eranda moola kwatha mixed with Sunthi kwatha, Hingu & Sauvarchala lavan rellieve Shoola (Abdominal pain). (BPN.Ci 30/57) Yoga:-Eranda Taila, Eranda saptaka kwatha, Erandadi kwatha. 2 Eranda 11 1/17/2019
  • 12. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED VARIETIES OF ERANDA (RICINUS COMMUNIS LINN.) ROOT International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research Doshi Krunal A1*, Acharya Rabinarayan2, Ravishankar B3, Nariya Mukesh B4 Conclusion:- Decoction of wild variety, of Ricinus communis L. root provided considerable suppression of carrageenan induced paw edema compared to its cultivated variety. Medicinal properties in plants are mainly due to the presence of Alkaloids to be responsible for Anti-inflammatory activity. Department of Dravyaguna 12 1/17/2019
  • 13. B.N.:-Commiphora mukul Hook ex. Stocks Family:-Burseraceae Rasa:-Tikta, Katu, Madhura, Kashaya Guna: Tikshana, Sara, Sukshama, Snigdha, Laghu, Vishada Veerya:-Ushna Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Tridosh Samaka Vata shamaka, Pittakaphahara. Use parts:-:Gum resin Chemical compositions: Carbohydrate, Alkaloids,Convoline,Convolidie,Convovine. Aamayika Prayoga: Guggulu is the best remedy for vata covered by medas.(AH.U.40/48) Yoga:-Trayodasanga guggulu, Mahayogaraja guggulu, Triphala guggulu, Vatari guggulu 3 Guggulu Department of Dravyaguna 13 1/17/2019
  • 14. Comparison of the anti-inflammatory activity of Commiphora mukul (an indigenous drug) with those of phenylbutazone and ibuprofen in experimental arthritis induced by mycobacterial adjuvant. Arzneimittel-Forschung [01 Jul 1977, 27(7):1455-1457] Sharma JN , Sharma JN Conclusion- Inflammatory syndrome, resembling rheumatoid arthritis in man, was induced in the right hock joint of albino rabbits by intra-articular injection of the killed mycobacterial adjuvant in liquid paraffin. Development of this arthritic syndrome was studied from a period of five months with and without drugs. Department of Dravyaguna 14 1/17/2019
  • 15. Department of Dravyaguna 15 Anti-inflammatory agents such as phenylbutazone, ibuprofen and fraction "A" of gum-guggulu from Commiphora mukul were administered orally at a daily dose of 100, 100 and 500 mg/kg, respectively, for a period of five months. All three drugs decreased the thickness of the joint swelling during the course of drug treatment. These results indicate the beneficial role of phenylbutazone, ibuprofen and fraction "A" of gum-guggulu in experimental arthritis. 1/17/2019
  • 16. B.N:-Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb Family:-Rubiaceae Rasa:- Madhura, Tikta, Kashaya Guna:-Ruksha Veerya:-Sheeta Vipaka:-Katu Prabhava:-Vedanasthapana Doshakarma:-Vatapitta shamaka Use parts:-Bark,Fruit, Leaf Chemical compositions:-alkaloids like Cadambine, Cadamine, Cadambagenic acid, Quinovic acid Aamayika Prayoga:- For covering wounds, the leaves of kadamba, arjuna, nimba,patala,and ashwatha should be used.(CS.Ci25/95) Yoga:-Nyogradhadi Kwatha, Kadambadi Kwatha 4 Kadamba Department of Dravyaguna 16 1/17/2019
  • 17. Evaluation of the Analgesic and Anti inflammatory Activity of Kadamba(Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb.) an experimental study Dissertation by Dr. Prakash L Hegde, submitted to the RGUHS Used model- hot plate method Conclusion- Alcoholic extracts of Kadamba has potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity alomost like standard drug. The kadamba is a freely available safe drug showing efficacy in single use both in extract and kasaya form on rats. Same has to be reconfirmed on human beings. Department of Dravyaguna 17 1/17/2019
  • 18. B.N.:-Myrica esculenta Buch-Ham Family:-Myricaceae Rasa:- Kashaya, Tikta, Katu Guna:-Laghu,Tikshna, Veerya:-Usana Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kaphavata samaka Use parts:-Bark, Flowers Chemical compositions:- Glycoside, myricitrin, myrecetin Yoga:-Saubhagya Sunthi, Pushyanuga Churna, Kataphaladi Kwatha 5 Kataphala Department of 18 1/17/2019
  • 19. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of stem bark of Myrica esculenta Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348- 0173 pISSN-2395-3985 Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5 Conclusion-: The pharmacological screening revealed that MNSBEE significantly increased pain latency in acetic acid- induced writhing and hot plate in mice and significantly inhibited paw edema volume in carrageenan- induced paw edema and significantly inhibited granuloma weight in cotton pellet granuloma model at the doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. The combination of MNSBEE and diclofenac has been studied and found to be most significant analgesic and anti- inflammatory effect without toxic effect.Department of Dravyaguna 19 1/17/2019
  • 20. B.N.:-Vitex negundo Linn. Family:-Verbenaceae Rasa:-Katu, Tikta Guna:-Laghu, Ruksha Veerya:-Ushna Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kapha vata samaka Use parts: Leaves, Roots, Seeds, Flowers Chemical compositions:-alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and glycosides. Aamayika Prayoga:-The drug is an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory herbal agent. The nirgundi oil is locally applied to inflammed and painful conditions of organs, rheumatism, vatavyadhi, sprain, trauma, wounds earache, headache, neuritis, sciatica etc. Yoga:-Nirgundyerandadi Kashaya,Nirgundi Taila, Nirgundi ghrita 6 Nirgundi Department of 20 1/17/2019
  • 21. ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF VITEX NEGUNDO (LEAVES) EXTRACT Pooja Solanki Mishra*, S. Vyas, RP Agrawal, P. Phadnis and A. Tiwari Department of Pharmacology, M.G.M. Medical College, AB Road, Indore, (M.P.), 452001, India. Results: In comparison to control group VNE showed highly significant, dose dependent analgesic activity against chemically as well as thermally induced pain models (P < 0.05). In comparison to control, VNE at the employed doses produced marked acute anti-inflammatory activity in rats (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that the aqueous extract of Vitex negundo has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential as reflected by the parameters investigated. Further investigations are however necessary to explore mechanism(s) of action involved in these pharmacological activities 21
  • 22. B.N.:-Pluchea lanceolata C .B. Clarke Family:-Asteraceae Rasa:Tikta Guna:-Guru Veerya:-Usana Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Kaphavata samaka Use parts:-:Leaves Chemical compositions:-Quercertin, isorhamnetin, pluchine Aamyika Prayoga:- Rasna churna or kwatha is useful and best in case of Vatavyadhi.(C.S.Su.25/40) Yoga:-Rasnadi Gutika, Rasanadi Churna, Rasnasaptaka Kwatha, Rasnadilepa, Rasnapanchakam 7 Rasna Department of Dravyaguna 22 1/17/2019
  • 23. Department of Dravyaguna 23 Conclusion:- The results of the present study indicate that the ethanol extracts of Pluchea lanceolata has anti- inflammatory activity in mice(200mg/kg) and rats(100mg/kg), which was further localized in the hexane fraction, from which taraxasterol was isolated which proved to be one of the active constituents. 1/17/2019
  • 24. B.N.:Shorea robusta Gaertn. Family:-Dipterocarpeae Rasa:-Kashaya Guna:-Rukshya Veerya:- Sheeta Vipaka:-Katu Prabhava:-Vedanasthapana Doshakarma:-Kaphapitta nasaka Use parts:-Bark, Gum-resin Chemical compositions:-.Pentosans, lignan, tannin, amino acids and fatty acids. Yoga:-Raladi lepa, Raladi dhupa, Sarjarasadi Malahara 8 Shala Department of Dravyaguna 24 1/17/2019
  • 25. Analgesic activity of the ethanolic extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. (SRE) in experimental animals Conclusion- The extract produced significant central and peripheral analgesic effects, which was evident from increase in reaction time in hot plate and tail flick tests, inhibition in writhing counts in acetic acid-induced writhing test . Department of Dravyaguna 25 1/17/2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348-0173 pISSN-2395-398 Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) 5 Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5
  • 26. B.N.:Asparagus racemosus Willd Family:- Liliaceae Rasa:-Madhura,Tikta Guna:-Guru,Snigdha Veerya:-Sheeta Vipaka:-Madhura Doshakarma:-Vatapitta samaka Use parts:-:Roots. Chemical compositions: Shatavarin,Saponins, Glycosides of quercetin Carbohydrate. Aamayika Prayoga:- It is used in atisara, rakta aamatisara, apasmara and shotha Yoga:-Satavari Modaka, Satavari Mandura, Satavari Taila, Satavari Ghrita, 9 Shatavari Department of Dravyaguna 26 1/17/2019
  • 27. ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND ALCOHOL ROOT EXTRACTS OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS WILLD. Pharmacology online 2: 558-562 (2011) ewsletter Rahiman et al. Fasalu Rahiman O.M*, Bodapati Srilatha, Rupesh Kumar M, Mohamed iyas k, Satya Kumar B, Phaneendra P Result:-. No toxic effects or mortality were observed with doses ranging from 50mg/kg to 1g/kg for four weeks. The results of present study indicate the aqueous and alcohol root extracts of Asparagus racemosus willd., Possesses analgesic effect in the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids. Both extracts showed the analgesic activity . Department of Dravyaguna 27 1/17/2019
  • 28. B.N.:Albizzia lebbeck Benth Family:- Mimoseae Rasa:-Kashaya,Tikta, Katu. Guna:-Laghu,Ruksha,Tikshana Veerya:-Isada Ushna Vipaka:-Katu Doshakarma:-Tridosahara Use parts:-Bark, Seeds, Leaves, Flowers Chemical compositions:-Bark contains tannin 7-11% and saponin. Aamayika Prayoga:-The seeds of shirisha are applied locally in swelling (sotha). The snuff of seeds of shirisha and mulaka (radish) is prescribed in treatment of shirashula(headache) (SS, Uttarara 86-31) Yoga:-Shirishararista, Shirishabijadi Lepa 10 SHIRISHA 28 Department of Dravyaguna 1/17/2019
  • 29. The peripheral analgesic activity of Shirisha was measured by the acetic acid induced writhing test INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348-0173 pISSN-2395-398 Vol-5 ISSUE 2 (2017) 5 Priyanka A. Shine1*, Vimala. K. S.2, Priyalatha B.3, Nayana Raj4, Sreelekshmi M.5 Conclusion-The crude extract produced 61.48% (p<0.001) elongation of tail flicking time 30 min after oral dose of 400mg/kg. The plant extract showed prolonged stress tolerance capacity in the mice, indicating the possible involvement of higher centres. The bark administered in a dose of 250mg/kg showed analgesic activity slightly less than that of novalgin. Department of Dravyaguna 29 1/17/2019
  • 30. 3.Discussion The term Vedana implies sensations. Therefore the usage of Vedanasthapana drugs not be restricted to the domain of pain killers; instead it would be extended to all the disorders which causes impairments in the sensory perception. Analgesics includes Anti inflammatory drugs, Opioid analgesics, Anti depressants and Anticonvulsants. Vedanasthapana drugs may bring the normal sensation of wellbeing in the body.Department of Dravyaguna 30 1/17/2019
  • 31. ANALYSIS OF VEDANASTHAPAKA DRAVYA S.N. DRAVYA RASA GUNA VEERYA VIPAKA DOSH-KARMA PRABHAVA 1. Ashoka Kashaya, Tikta Ruksha, Laghu Sheeta Katu Kapha- Pittashamaka - 2. Eranda Madhura, Katu, Kashaya Tikshna, Guru, Snigdha Ushna Madhura Tridosha Samaka - 3. Guggulu Tikta, Katu, Madhura, Kashaya Tikshana, Sara, Sukshama, Snigdha, Laghu, Vishada Ushna Katu Tridosha Samaka - 4. Kadamba Tikta, Kashaya Ruksha Sheeta Katu Tridosh- Shamaka Vedna- sthapaka 5. Katphala Kashaya. Tikta Laghu, Tikshna Ushna Katu Vata- Pittashamaka Vedna- sthapaka 6. Nirgundi Katu, Tikta Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Katu Kapha vata samaka 7. Rasna Tikta Guru Ushna Katu Kaphavata samaka - 8. Shala Kashaya Ruksha Sheeta Katu Kaphapitt- ashamaka Vedna- sthapaka 9. Shatavari Madhura,Tikta Guru,Snigdha Sheeta Madhura Vatapitta samaka - 10. Shirisha Kashaya, Tikta, Madhura Ruksha, Laghu, Tikshna Ishat Ushna Katu Tridosh- Shamaka -
  • 32. Tikta, Kashaya Rasa, Laghu, Ruksha Guna, Ushna Veerya and Katu Vipaka are responsible for normalcy of Kapha. Ushna Veerya dravyas are responsible for alleviation of Vata. Some drugs of Vedanasthapana are responsible for Vedanahara action due to their Vedanasthapana Prabhava. Department of Dravyaguna 32 1/17/2019
  • 33. The drugs of Vedanasthapana mostly contains, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, quercetins etc. which are possibly responsible for analgesic and anti- inflammatory effect. Department of Dravyaguna 33 1/17/2019
  • 34. Ashoka, Eranda, Guggulu, Kadamba, Katphala, Nirgundi, , Rasna, Shaala, Shatavari, Shirisha has been proved as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents by experimental studies. Most of the drugs mentioned for Shoolahara or Vedanahara are Vatahara in nature. Department of Dravyaguna 34 1/17/2019
  • 35. . As per clinical study conducted in 40 patients of osteoarthritis, the trial drugs were prepared in the form of tablet 500 mg having equal proportion of the drugs Sala(Shorea robusta Gaertn.f), Kadamba (Anthocephalus indicus A.Rich), Shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck Benth), Ashoka(Saraca indica) and given in the dose of 1 gm thrice daily, showed significant relief in pain without side effects Department of Dravyaguna 35 1/17/2019
  • 36. 4.Conclusion Vedanasthapana dravyas are also responsible for establishment of well being feeling in the body and not only act as analgesics or anti- inflammatory agents. Phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, quercitin etc. are responsible for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect Department of Dravyaguna 36 1/17/2019
  • 37. 5.References Charaka samhita A Text Book of Dravyaguna Vigyan-Dr.Prash L Hegde & Dr.Harini A Shine P.A. et.al., Evaluation of Charakokta Vedanasthapana Dashemani, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2017; 5(2): 56-612. Jyotirupa S et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-5(1) 2017 [137-143] Swapnil More. To study efficacy of drugs of Vedanasthapana Gna ( Ghan Vati) in post-operative pain management . Ayurlog: National journal of Research in Ayurved Science.2014; 2(4): 1-11 37