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Toxic WOCs:
Constructing Race and
Gender in Digital Spaces
Roopika Risam
Salem State University
@roopikarisam
#WOCHashtagsRising
#TheNumbers
#TheNumbers
#FemFuture
Women of color and other groups
are already overlooked for adequate
media attention and already struggle
disproportionately in this culture of
scarcity.
Courtney Martin and Vanessa
Valenti
#FemFuture
An unfunded online feminist
movement isnt merely a threat to the
livelihood of these hard-working
activists, but a threat to the larger
feminist movement itself
Courtney Martin and Vanessa
Valenti
#Reactions
Where is the space in all of
these #femfuture movements for
people who dont have internet
access?
-Mikki Kendall
#FeministBlogospheres
Freed from the boundaries of print,
writers could blur the lines between
formal and casual writing; between a call
to arms, a confession, and a stand-up
routineand this new looseness of form
in turn emboldened readers to join in, to
take risks in the safety of the shared
spotlight.
-Emily Nussbaum
#FeministLandmines
Many of the most avid digital feminists
will tell you that its become toxic. Indeed,
theres a nascent genre of essays by
people who feel emotionally savaged by
their involvement in itnot because of
sexist trolls, but because of the slashing
righteousness of other feminists.
-Michelle Goldberg
#SpatialWebs
The Internet is the modern-day agora. It
is increasingly a place where so many
people are coming together and doing
very meaningful, very real things, so that
the social patterns prevailing on the
Internet are of interest to everybody.
-Katherine Cross
#WhoTweets
# Total registered users: ~1 billion
# Unique monthly visitors to
Twitter.com: 36 million
# Country with Most Users: U.S.
# Percentage of Twitter MAUs
located outside U.S.: 77%
#WherePeopleTweet
#TweetsPerCapita
#USTweeters
#Implications
# U.S. media muckracking
# Replication and amplification of race
and gender on Twitter
# Viral movement of toxicity discourses
# U.S. and U.S. feminist co-optation of
Twitter

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Toxic WOCs: Constructing Race and Gender in Digital Spaces

  • 1. Toxic WOCs: Constructing Race and Gender in Digital Spaces Roopika Risam Salem State University @roopikarisam
  • 5. #FemFuture Women of color and other groups are already overlooked for adequate media attention and already struggle disproportionately in this culture of scarcity. Courtney Martin and Vanessa Valenti
  • 6. #FemFuture An unfunded online feminist movement isnt merely a threat to the livelihood of these hard-working activists, but a threat to the larger feminist movement itself Courtney Martin and Vanessa Valenti
  • 7. #Reactions Where is the space in all of these #femfuture movements for people who dont have internet access? -Mikki Kendall
  • 8. #FeministBlogospheres Freed from the boundaries of print, writers could blur the lines between formal and casual writing; between a call to arms, a confession, and a stand-up routineand this new looseness of form in turn emboldened readers to join in, to take risks in the safety of the shared spotlight. -Emily Nussbaum
  • 9. #FeministLandmines Many of the most avid digital feminists will tell you that its become toxic. Indeed, theres a nascent genre of essays by people who feel emotionally savaged by their involvement in itnot because of sexist trolls, but because of the slashing righteousness of other feminists. -Michelle Goldberg
  • 10. #SpatialWebs The Internet is the modern-day agora. It is increasingly a place where so many people are coming together and doing very meaningful, very real things, so that the social patterns prevailing on the Internet are of interest to everybody. -Katherine Cross
  • 11. #WhoTweets # Total registered users: ~1 billion # Unique monthly visitors to Twitter.com: 36 million # Country with Most Users: U.S. # Percentage of Twitter MAUs located outside U.S.: 77%
  • 15. #Implications # U.S. media muckracking # Replication and amplification of race and gender on Twitter # Viral movement of toxicity discourses # U.S. and U.S. feminist co-optation of Twitter