Transformers details construction.pptx
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Transformers work on the principle of mutual induction to transmit and distribute power in AC circuits. A changing current in one coil induces an EMF in a neighboring coil. Transformers can convert high voltage, low current into low voltage, high current. The ratio of the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils determines the turns ratio, which describes how the transformer will step up or step down voltage. Common applications of transformers include increasing or decreasing voltage for welding machines, X-ray tubes, mobile phone charging, and transmitting current through power lines.
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Transformers details construction.pptx
- 2. Introduction Transformer is the main reason to transmit and distribute power in AC. Transformer is a device which works on the principle of mutual induction.
- 3. It is based on principle of MUTUAL INDUCTION. According to which an e.m.f. is induced in a coil when current in the neighboring coil changes.
- 4. Principle of transformer is it convert high voltage (low current) into low voltage (high current). In ideal transformer, input power is equal to out power. In transformer the relation between EMF and current is inversely proportional and EMF and number of turns is directly proportional to each other. The ratio of Es/Ep= Ns/Np is called turns ratio or transformer ratio. Then there are two types of transformer, step-up and step-down transformer. Transformer is the main reason to transmit and distribute power in AC.
- 5. The ratio is called as turn ratio or transformer ratio. In idea transformer I/P power = O/P Power
- 6. Put this values in equation III, we get
- 7. Applications There are wide applications of transformers such as, ? step up (increases) or Step down (Decreases) the level of voltage in other words increases or decreases the level of current, while power almost be same, ? Welding Machine ? X-ray tube ? mobile charging ? To transform electric current through metallic cables
- 8. Applications ? It can increases or decreases the value of L, C or R in an AC circuit. This can act as impedance transferring device ? It can isolate two circuit electrically ? To prevent DC from passing from one circuit to the other ? Step-down level of voltage at single phase 11KV to 220 V, Three phase 11KV to 440 V
- 9. Applications ?The current transformer Np/Ns and Potential transformer Ns/Np are used in industry and power system ? It used for impedance matching ? Impedance transformer ratio=(Ns/Np)2
- 10. Power Losses In Transformer ?Iron losses ?Copper losses ?Eddy current losses ?Hysteresis losses ?Heat losses I2R
- 11. Transformer Efficiency Transformer efficiency is given as: % 100 ? ? in out P P ? % 100 ? ? ? loss out out P P P ?