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Liminality is that structureless and ambiguous phase that occurs in the middle stage of rites of passage. Just like the phases of design, or indeed any change process, a ritual has three broad phases – Separation from an existing state, structureless liminality and reintegration into a preferred state. The design process shares many similar characteristics with rites of passage, but actually offers an excellent process and mindset, to not only navigate the liminality phase, but actually tame the ambiguity and design the outcome. But do we designers spend enough time in a liminal state to take advantage of what Victor Turner describes as a “realm of pure possibility”?Read less