Types of Ecosystem
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There are three major classes of ecosystems: freshwater, terrestrial, and ocean ecosystems. Freshwater ecosystems include lakes, ponds, rivers and streams, and cover around 1.8% of the Earth's surface. Terrestrial ecosystems are the most diverse and include rainforests, savannas, deserts, grasslands, deciduous forests, coniferous forests, and tundra defined by factors like precipitation levels and temperatures. Ocean ecosystems cover around 75% of the planet and include shallow ocean waters where photosynthesis occurs, deep ocean surfaces also suitable for photosynthesis, and deep ocean waters too deep for light to penetrate.
Types of Ecosystem
- 2. What is an ecosystem? An ecosystem consists of the biological community that occurs in some locale, and the physical and chemical factors that make up its non-living or abiotic environment.
- 3. There are many types of ecosystems on earth. There are 3 major classes of ecosystems: 1. Freshwater Ecosystems 2. Terrestrial Ecosystems 3. Ocean Ecosystems
- 4. Freshwater ecosystems: Relatively small in area ~ 1.8% of earth's surface. Support many species of life including fish, amphibians, insects and plants. Base of all food is found in freshwater Planktons(microscopic organisms) They include lakes and ponds, rivers, streams, springs, and wetlands.
- 6. Terrestrial ecosystems: Many diverse types of ecosystems come under this major category. Location usually dependent on the latitude of area and amount of precipitation.
- 7. Tropical Rain Forest  Precipitation ~250 cm/year  Little temperature variation/abundant moisture.  Contains more species than biomes.
- 8. Savannas  Precipitation 90- 150cms/year.  Open, widely spaced trees, seasonal rainfall.  Parts of Africa, South America & Australia.
- 9. Deserts • Precipitation 20cm/year. • Dry, sparse vegetation; scattered grasses. • Parts of Africa, Asia, Australia and North America.
- 10. Temperate Grasslands • Precipitation 10- 60cms/year • Rich soil; tall dense grasses • Central North America; Central Asia
- 11. Deciduous Forests • Precipitation 75- 250cms/year • Warm summers and cool winters. • Parts of Europe; North Eastern United States; Eastern Canada
- 12. Coniferous Forests • Precipitation 20- 60cms/year • Short growing season, cold winters. • Parts of Northern Asia; Northern North America
- 13. Tundra • Precipitation 25cms/year • Open; Wind swept; dry; cold ground areas. • Parts of far Northern Asia; Northern North America
- 14. Ocean ecosystems: Very large amount of earth is covered by ocean (~75%). 40% of all photosynthesis occurs in oceans. 3 types of oceanic ecosystems.
- 15. Shallow Ocean Waters • Photosynthesis occurs here.
- 16. Deep Ocean Surface • Photosynthesis occurs here.
- 17. Deep Ocean Waters • No Photosynthesis can occur here because light cannot penetrate deeply into water.
- 18. Thank You