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Types of Network Architecture

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sabari Giri

The document discusses different types of computer network architectures and topologies. It describes peer-to-peer networks and client/server networks, and notes advantages and disadvantages of each. The document also covers different network topologies like bus, star, ring, and mesh, and the pros and cons of each. Finally, it discusses the differences between workgroup and domain network models.

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COMPUTER NETWORKS Prepared by S.Sabari Giri Murugan Faculty G2-Grade KL University SESSION II Types of Network Architecture- Peer-to-Peer & Client/Server, Workgroup Vs. Domain. Network Topologies, Types of Topologies, Logical and physical topologies, selecting the Right Topology
TYPES OF NETWORK ARCHITECTURE Session 2
TYPES OF NETWORKS - PEER-TO-PEER Good for small environments, usually up to 10 computers No dedicated network administrator Each computer must have specific permissions assigned Sharing resources can become a problem if the computer with the resource is down Security is a serious issue 3
TYPES OF NETWORKS - CLIENT/SERVER A server has a special Network Operating system (NOS) to help provide resources to multiple users Client/Server environments usually have one or more network administrators Problems can include access, security, and integrity of data Backups are needed in this environment 4
PEER-TO PEER NETWORK (CONT..)
CLIENT/SERVER NETWORKING (CONT..)
Types of Network Architecture
Types of Network Architecture
NETWORK TOPOLOGY A topology is a way of laying out the network. Topologies can be either physical or logical. Physical topologies describe how the cables are run. Logical topologies describe how the network messages travel
TOPOLOGY Topology: physical or logical arrangement of devices 10
FULLY CONNECTED MESH TOPOLOGY 11
FULLY CONNECTED MESH TOPOLOGY 12 Pros: Dedicated links Robustness Privacy Easy to identify fault Cons: A lot of cabling I/O ports Difficult to move
STAR TOPOLOGY 13 Pros: One I/O port per device Little cabling Easy to install Robustness Easy to identify fault Cons: Single point of failure More cabling still required Hub
Types of Network Architecture
BUS TOPOLOGY 15
BUS TOPOLOGY 16 Pros: Little cabling Easy to install Cons: Difficult to modify Difficult to isolate fault Break in the bus cable stops all transmission
RING TOPOLOGY 17
RING TOPOLOGY 18 Pros: Easy to install Easy to identify fault Cons: Delay in large ring Break in the ring stops all transmission
PROS & CONS Topology Advantages Disadvantages Bus Cheap. Easy to install. Difficult to reconfigure. Break in bus disables entire network. Star Cheap. Easy to install. Easy to reconfigure. Fault tolerant. More expensive than bus. Ring Efficient. Easy to install. Reconfiguration difficult. Very expensive. Mesh Simplest. Most fault tolerant. Reconfiguration extremely difficult. Extremely expensive. Very complex.
NETWORKING MODELS Two networking models: Workgroup Domain 20
WORKGROUP VS. DOMAIN 21 Workgroup Peer-to-Peer Environment Effective for small environments Security is a problem Domain Client/Server Environment Effective for larger environments Network administrator has control
WORKGROUP MODEL All computers are equal Also known as peer-to-peer Each computer maintains own set of Resources Accounts Security information 22
WORKGROUP MODEL (CONTINUED) 23
DOMAIN MODEL Centralizes all shared resources Single point of administrative and security control Simpler to manage from administrative and security standpoint Requires at least one domain controller (DC) 24
DOMAIN MODEL (CONTINUED) 25
INTRANET, INTERNET &EXTRANET
Types of Network Architecture
Types of Network Architecture

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Types of Network Architecture

  • 1. COMPUTER NETWORKS Prepared by S.Sabari Giri Murugan Faculty G2-Grade KL University SESSION II Types of Network Architecture- Peer-to-Peer & Client/Server, Workgroup Vs. Domain. Network Topologies, Types of Topologies, Logical and physical topologies, selecting the Right Topology
  • 3. TYPES OF NETWORKS - PEER-TO-PEER Good for small environments, usually up to 10 computers No dedicated network administrator Each computer must have specific permissions assigned Sharing resources can become a problem if the computer with the resource is down Security is a serious issue 3
  • 4. TYPES OF NETWORKS - CLIENT/SERVER A server has a special Network Operating system (NOS) to help provide resources to multiple users Client/Server environments usually have one or more network administrators Problems can include access, security, and integrity of data Backups are needed in this environment 4
  • 9. NETWORK TOPOLOGY A topology is a way of laying out the network. Topologies can be either physical or logical. Physical topologies describe how the cables are run. Logical topologies describe how the network messages travel
  • 10. TOPOLOGY Topology: physical or logical arrangement of devices 10
  • 12. FULLY CONNECTED MESH TOPOLOGY 12 Pros: Dedicated links Robustness Privacy Easy to identify fault Cons: A lot of cabling I/O ports Difficult to move
  • 13. STAR TOPOLOGY 13 Pros: One I/O port per device Little cabling Easy to install Robustness Easy to identify fault Cons: Single point of failure More cabling still required Hub
  • 16. BUS TOPOLOGY 16 Pros: Little cabling Easy to install Cons: Difficult to modify Difficult to isolate fault Break in the bus cable stops all transmission
  • 18. RING TOPOLOGY 18 Pros: Easy to install Easy to identify fault Cons: Delay in large ring Break in the ring stops all transmission
  • 19. PROS & CONS Topology Advantages Disadvantages Bus Cheap. Easy to install. Difficult to reconfigure. Break in bus disables entire network. Star Cheap. Easy to install. Easy to reconfigure. Fault tolerant. More expensive than bus. Ring Efficient. Easy to install. Reconfiguration difficult. Very expensive. Mesh Simplest. Most fault tolerant. Reconfiguration extremely difficult. Extremely expensive. Very complex.
  • 20. NETWORKING MODELS Two networking models: Workgroup Domain 20
  • 21. WORKGROUP VS. DOMAIN 21 Workgroup Peer-to-Peer Environment Effective for small environments Security is a problem Domain Client/Server Environment Effective for larger environments Network administrator has control
  • 22. WORKGROUP MODEL All computers are equal Also known as peer-to-peer Each computer maintains own set of Resources Accounts Security information 22
  • 24. DOMAIN MODEL Centralizes all shared resources Single point of administrative and security control Simpler to manage from administrative and security standpoint Requires at least one domain controller (DC) 24